Among the leadership of the former Soviet Union, there is one figure that cannot be ignored, and this person is Yakov Sverdlov.
As a teenager, Yakov met the literary gorky in his family's printing workshop and printed some leaflets and pamphlets for Gorky. Under the influence of Gorky, there were revolutionary tendencies.
Yakov had a good family education. The mother has a gentle personality and never treats her children harshly. When she saw her son Yaakov reading a revolutionary book, she silently helped him to collect it so that others would not find it, and said to Yakov casually, "Have you forgotten, you put the book under the pillow." ”
Yakov's father was clear-cut and patient. When Yakov mischievously took away the ladder put down by the worker who took the chimney and caused the worker to climb down from the pipe, his father criticized Yakov in a gentle but resolute manner: "At no time can you do anything to harm others." ”
In such a family, Yakov developed good habits at a very young age, and he was very measured in doing things.
The 15-year-old Yakov got Das Kapital from a friend, and people doubted whether the 15-year-old could read it. Yakov, on the other hand, wondered why these people doubted that they could not read. He spent three months reading Capital, and many more.
When Yakov listened to the more influential local revolutionaries, it was already clear that he was not a true revolutionary, but a moderate reformer, leading the workers down the wrong path. After coming into contact with Lenin's writings, Yakov soon became a staunch Leninist.
At the age of 16, Yakov had begun revolutionary activities, organizing speeches and delivering revolutionary leaflets and the Mars newspaper. In the course of the revolutionary movement, the police of the reactionary authorities also noticed that Yakov was associated with these dangerous activities, but considered it unlikely, and felt that Yakov was just a "yellow-mouthed child".
At the age of 18, Yakov was already recognized by his comrades as having "possessed all the qualities necessary for a revolutionary underground worker.". The secret agent and the police never stopped tracking and monitoring him, but nothing was gained. Since he became a dangerous person registered in the police station in his hometown of Nizhny Novgorod, he left his hometown to work in Moscow.
Yakov, 19, has become a professional revolutionary — no home, no fixed residence and no job. Go anywhere according to the needs of the revolution. He went many times to places where party organizations were destroyed, and repaired party organizations with extraordinary organizational skills.
Yakov was arrested 14 times and exiled to places like Siberia in the bitter cold. After each exile, he fled and returned to resume revolutionary work. Each time the work was fruitful, he was arrested and exiled and escaped to continue his work. He spent a full 12 years in exile. In 2017, Yakov became the leader of the Ural Bolsheviks, the largest party organization in Russia, with great prestige among revolutionaries, and this year he met Lenin for the first time.
After meeting Lenin, Yakov became Lenin's closest comrade-in-arms and comrade, and the second-largest figure in Soviet Russia. After the victory of the October Revolution, Yakov was elected Chairman of the Executive Committee and was the first head of the former Soviet Union. In 1918, when Lenin was assassinated, Yakov took the place of Lenin in handling all government affairs, ensuring the stability of the Soviet political situation in the extraordinary period.
Stalin and Trotsky at that time were Yakov's subordinates.
In 1919, Yakov fell ill with Apanish influenza while at work and died at the age of 34.
Yakov's untimely death deeply deplored Lenin. Lenin said: "It is necessary to set up a department of several dozen people to continue Yakov's work. "It can be seen how remarkable Yakov's talent and work efficiency are.
Yakov was seven years younger than Stalin, far superior to Stalin in ability and status, far superior to Stalin in merit and revolutionary experience, far superior to Stalin in personal friendship with Lenin, and far superior to Stalin in family education. If Yakov had not died young, the person who would have succeeded Lenin as leader would have been Yakov, not Stalin. Yakov's genius organizational skills, firm revolutionary faith, and solid theoretical level can also make the former Soviet Union have a more brilliant future. Stalin, who had a rough personality, had little chance.
Warship named after Sverdlov
City of Sverdlovsk
Chinese version of Sverdlov's biography