In the Republic of China period, when the status of women was not high, Zhang Mojun could be regarded as a lucky woman.
She has been a "prodigy" in the eyes of the townspeople since she was a child; she has become a close friend with qiu Jin, a hero of the towel; she has been a principal and runs a newspaper. At the same time, she is also a talented female writer and one of the four major female poets of the Republic of China.
Perhaps the only regret in her long life of 82 years is that her love came too late and left too early.
Figure | Zhang Mojun
One
In 1883, Zhang Mojun was born in Hunan Province, in a family of scholars. The conditions of the Zhang family at that time were good, and Zhang Mojun opened the road of learning very early. She was literate at the age of 2, read poetry at the age of 3, wrote couplets at the age of 4, and entered a private school at the age of 6.
It is precisely because he has been baptized by knowledge since he was a child, 8-year-old Zhang Mojun is unwilling to tie his feet like his sister. She talked freely in front of the adults about the reasons for letting go, saying that they were speechless.
Later, his father, Zhang Tongdian, sponsored american priests to launch the "Heavenly Foot Society" in Shanghai, sending the constitution and advice documents to their homes. Zhang Mojun learned of this and specifically asked his mother to pay for an additional 100,000 copies so that more people could see it and persuade more women to let go.
At that time, a xiucai heard that zhang Mojun was encouraging women to put their feet on their feet, and also wrote a poem to mock her: "Xiangxiang County, Tangtang Zhang, Intercept Guanyin, Hehe WeiLingyang." ”
Zhang Mojun, who is only 8 years old, is not a vegetarian, and she immediately raised a pen to "return" a poem "Heavenly Foot Yin": Compassion for people and heavenly movements, see the sinking from the sea of suffering. After all, Bing Yi is the same as the good, and he is solemn and comfortable. This incident surprised the locals, thinking that Zhang Mojun would definitely have great achievements in the future.
Unsurprisingly, Zhang Mojun's future actions did not disappoint. In 1901, Zhang Mojun had just reached adulthood, but he had both a teacher and a student. She taught a course on xiaowen history ethics at Jinling Yangzheng Girls' School and learned English at Nanjing Huiwen Girls' School. It was rare at the time.
In addition to being a pioneer in learning, Zhang Mojun is also always ready to fight for the country. In 1906, Zhang Mojun joined the "Chinese League" and became a member of the national salvation team.
Among those benevolent men, Zhang Mojun and Qiu Jin were the most close friends, and then became close friends. Whenever they talk about "rejuvenating women's rights and enlightening people's morality", the two are excited.
Although they are fortunate to come out of the fog, there are still thousands of women in the dark. All they have to do is save more women from fire and water.
Unfortunately, Qiu Jin, as Zhang Mojun's comrade-in-arms and confidant, left Zhang Mojun too quickly. At that time, Zhang Mojun was still studying at school, and Qiu Jin had also gone to the school to find her before she was righteous, but she had something to go out.
Soon after, Zhang Mojun learned the news of Qiu Jin's sacrifice, and Zhang Mojun cried bitterly like a thunderbolt on a sunny day: "I am not spared from difficulty without meeting my sister, and I am willing to die like a glutton, and I regret that I have not become a ren." ”
After the loss of his best friend overnight, Zhang Mojun's heart was broken. She endured the pain of reading Qiu Jin's masterpiece book "Although I am still alive, sacrificing my responsibilities" and seemed to have found her motivation to move forward again. She decided to sort out her mood and continue to do a good job of Qiu Jin's unfinished business.
Figure | Best friend Qiu Jin
Two
In 1907, Zhang Mojun graduated from Shanghai Wuben Girls' School with the first place in the school. As soon as she graduated, she received an offer from Jiangsu Provincial Qiming Girls' School. Since then, Zhang Mojun has begun to concentrate on education.
In the short period of time that followed, Zhang Mojun really broke through the world of education. She vigorously rectified the atmosphere in the school, improved the management of the school, and improved the overall quality of teachers and students. At the same time, Zhang Mojun also set up more than ten primary schools, truly realizing her ideal of educating and saving the country.
But Zhang Mojun knew that she still needed to do more to make the country stand up. In 1912, she turned again to running a newspaper. In order to support patriots, Zhang Mojun founded the Jiangsu Dahan Bao.
Every issue published in the press has an editorial, and the editorial of each issue is written by Zhang Mojun. It is not difficult to imagine how sharp the editorial in Zhang Mojun's pen should be, it is simply to the point.
However, Zhang Mojun felt that running newspapers and periodicals was not enough, and in order to support the government at that time, she discussed with the writer Tan Sheying and the thinker Tang Guoli to establish the "Shenzhou Women's Circle Association", and raised 50,000 yuan for this purpose. Sun Yat-sen was very grateful to her and praised her as a "young and promising young woman".
After that, Zhang Mojun established the "Shenzhou Women's School". But her goal is not to be a good school, she chooses to cooperate with other girls' schools to create more possibilities for the education community.
This practice was rare at the time, and even Mrs. Jiade, president of the European and American Women's Federation, who later visited China, praised Zhang Mojun and said, "In the future, the achievements of women's participation in politics will be the most perfect in China." "This is not so much a compliment to Zhang Mojun alone, but rather Zhang Mojun has made foreigners change their views on Chinese women."
From the "Tan of the Listening Room", it can also be proved how much contribution the "Shenzhou Women's School" founded by Zhang Mojun has made. It is mentioned in the book: "Mo Jun did practical things, and did not sensationalize the people." She has been committed to Shenzhou Girls' School for 15 years, graduating thousands of students. ”
Because of Zhang Mojun's brilliant performance, she was sent by the Ministry of Education to Europe and the United States in 1918 to investigate women's education. After a series of investigations, Zhang Mojun wrote the harvest of the inspection into the "European and American Education Investigation Record".
Of course, Zhang Mojun did not write an expedition to "make a difference", but to prepare for later practice. After returning to China, she served as the principal of the First Division of Jiangsu Province. Zhang Mojun turned the ideas of the expedition into reality, and this time she wanted to boldly innovate and create a new look for China's education.
Zhang Mojun broke the precedent and first founded the school library and set up laboratories in various disciplines. At the same time, "family education" was also promoted in schools, and many unprecedented disciplines such as medicine, nursing, and cooking were added.
Based on Zhang Mojun's contributions to the education community, in 1932, Zhang Mojun became the first female member of the chinese canonical examination. In her first year in office, 103 people were admitted to the national examinations, but not a single woman. Zhang Mojun deeply regretted.
At this time, the examination committee was also aware of this problem. A special meeting was held to amend the Examination Regulations with the aim of "giving preferential treatment to women" and reducing women's admission scores. Zhang Mojun was the first to stand up against the resolution. He also said: Men and women should be equal.
Until two years later, when the names of the two women appeared on the announcement of the results of the second examination in the country, Zhang Mojun excitedly waved the inscription poem and wrote: "A day's statement is known to the four seas, and when the thousand autumns are clear; Bingyi is after all the same as Youmei, and it is said that boys are better than daughters." ”
If you think about it, if Zhang Mojun did not strongly oppose the resolution that seemed to favor women, presumably women on the list today would also be seen by many people as because of the reduction of scores, women can be listed. In that case, it is undoubtedly a greater insult to women.
Three
If Zhang Mojun's career has delayed her life's events, it is not correct. In fact, she did not marry late because of her career, but fate made a huge joke with her, making her wait for more than ten years to harvest her love.
As early as when Zhang Mojun was in her 20s, she was already close to her friend Jiang Zuobin. Instead of twisting and squeezing like the other girls, she didn't dare to say it, but directly took Jiang Zuobin to her home to see her parents.
Who ever thought that Zhang Mojun's bold behavior was to "dig his own pit and jump by himself". How could she have imagined that Jiang Zuobin would fall in love with the third sister Zhang Shujia at first sight, and since then she has nothing to do with herself.
The mother did not know that Zhang Mojun was fond of Jiang Zuobin, thinking that he was just a friend brought back by Zhang Mojun. Moreover, the mother saw that Zhang Shujia and Jiang Zuobin were in agreement, and she mistakenly agreed to Zhang Shujia and Jiang Zuobin together.
Zhang Mojun was greatly hit, on the one hand was his beloved, on the other hand was his sister. She couldn't figure out why it ended like this. Since then, Zhang Mojun has vowed not to marry for life.
To say why Zhang Mojun proposed "celibacy", perhaps because of the shadow left by this incident, or perhaps the stubborn and strong she once did not allow herself to fall into such a situation again.
Figure | Shao Yuanchong
Four
In fact, Zhang Mojun did not lack people to chase, but after Jiang Zuobin's incident, she resolutely proposed not to marry from now on, which also made many men who liked her discouraged.
However, true love will not give up easily, and those who give up are not so much afraid as they are not loved.
At that time, there was a "warrior" who launched a passionate pursuit of Zhang Mojun. This "warrior" was seven years younger than her, but he was the only one who successfully pursued Zhang Mojun, and he was Shao Yuanchong, zhang Mojun's husband.
Don't look at Shao Yuanchong, who was seven years younger than Zhang Mojun, who was also a young and promising young man at that time. But Zhang Mojun never took him seriously, but deliberately put forward three conditions: Wen should be in charge of the official seal; Wu should be a general; and he must be an international student.
Originally, Zhang Mojun proposed these three conditions just to make Shao Yuanchong feel difficult and retreat, and he never expected that he would start working hard for more than ten years for her words.
Shao Yuanchong studied for eight years, successively studying at the University of Wisconsin and Columbia University. During his study abroad, some classmates also asked about his marriage, and he only said: "Non-Zhang Mojun does not marry." ”
After returning to China, Shao Yuanchong seized the opportunity and became the secretary general of the General Headquarters of the Guangdong Army in 1924. At this time, Shao Yuanchong had already met the three requirements put forward by Zhang Mojun, and the next step was to think about how to contact Zhang Mojun.
Shao Yuanchong had no idea for a while, so he asked his friend Huang Jilu for help. Huang Jilu asked him to send his new work "The State of Labor in the United States" directly to Zhang Mojun, saying: "When she received the book, she gave up without any reaction; if there is an echo, it is okay." ”
To Shao Yuanchong's surprise, Zhang Mojun returned a letter from him, writing: "Since Bingchen (1916) has been like eight years, the sound and dust of each other have been cut off, and yesterday I suddenly got a book after the return of the United States, Teng with a close system, the extreme way away from the bitterness, the feeling and the work, when the Jia Zi Qiu Mengye. Looking at the vast expanse of disasters, eight years to get a book of the deceased, the heavens and the earth are old and sad, and the patience to die must be given. ”
Shao Yuanchong knew that Zhang Mojun was not yet married, and began to write to her again, in which he said: "After staying in Europe and the United States for eight years, I could not write the book of Mo Jun, the people returned to China for thirteen years, the prime minister of Guangdong, the long letter to Mo Jun and recent works, the poem Was great joy, and the second rhyme was six chapters. ”
After a while, Zhang Mojun was finally touched by Shao Yuanchong's sincerity and decided to give up the vow of celibacy for him. The two entered into marriage in 1924.
For 13 years, Shao Yuanchong finally got Zhang Mojun's heart, and Zhang Mojun was really lucky to meet such a person who was willing to spend more than ten years to heal her heart.
Although Zhang Mojun was 40 years old at this time, in Shao Yuanchong's heart, Zhang Mojun would always be the most beautiful. On the night of the wedding, Shao Yuanchong wrote a poem affectionately: "In the past, the cowgirl was sad and eternally separated, and now the luan and phoenix are happy to fly twice." The spring color of the cave room knows what the limit is, and I am ashamed of the purple emblem. He also said that "under the mirror of the Ming Dynasty, promise to raise both eyebrows", specially taking the nickname "Shoumo", which is used to express the meaning of not living up to this life.
It can be seen that in the face of true love, there are so many rules and regulations, and age is not a problem at all. As long as the two are in love, those time together is the most brilliant and dazzling.
Five
Unfortunately, the good times were not long, and Zhang Mojun and Shao Yuanchong's marriage of more than ten years came to an abrupt end in a gunshot. In 1936, Shao Yuanchong received a notice to go to Xi'an, but unexpectedly the outbreak of war. He was shot by a stray bullet on his way to escape from a window and eventually died.
When Zhang Mojun heard the news of the death of her husband Shao Yuanchong, she was discouraged and desperately wrote a mourning poem: I am now emaciated and victorious over Meiqing, dancing Wu Hook to make an angry cry. Ask Hua Lang what it is like, three years of tears and rain have not been sunny.
Soon after Shao Yuanchong left, Zhang Mojun returned to Xiangxiang with his children to live a secluded life, and since then he has called himself "Shao Widow".
In 1965, Zhang Mojun died of illness at the age of 82. This lady once had thousands of brilliant moments, and now her life has come to an end.
Even if Zhang Mojun is gone, the cause she has devoted her life to is of great significance to the present. I have to say that Zhang Mojun has done a lot of things in women's education. If it weren't for her, I'm afraid that women's studies would have to be postponed for decades if they wanted to advance.
Zhang Mojun is not willing to be bound by the old society on women, whether it is foot binding, or going to school, whether it is marriage, or career. None of this is impulsive, what matters is that she has the courage and ability to resist, and these two are exactly what most people do not have.
Text | Nan Xi
The image reference comes from the network