Bovine rumen accumulation refers to a disease in which the residual food in the bovine rumen accumulates too much and cannot be discharged in time, resulting in rumen dysfunction. At the onset of the disease, the sick cow will have a body writhing, restlessness and frequent turn back, and in severe cases, it will lead to dehydration and even death. Bovine rumen accumulation is a common disease in the process of cattle breeding, and the economic loss of breeding enterprises is extremely large, which should be paid attention to.
1.1 Feed Problems
Feed problems are the main cause of rumen accumulation in cattle. For example, too much forage, because the forage contains a large amount of crude fiber, is not conducive to digestion, food residues accumulate in the cattle rumen for a long time, resulting in a great increase in gastrointestinal burden, thereby destroying the normal mechanism function of the cattle rumen. Common forages that can easily cause cattle rumen accumulation include sweet potato stalks, peanut stalks and bean straw, especially wet forage, which is extremely easy to cause cattle rumen accumulation. For another example, regular overfeeding of foods such as beans and grains that are easy to swell after entering the stomach can also easily cause cattle rumen to accumulate food. In addition, the sudden change of feed can easily lead to the inadaptability of the cattle rumen to the new feed, resulting in disease.
1.2 Feeding method problems
In the process of cattle breeding, it is very necessary to let the cattle carry out a certain degree of exercise, in many cattle breeding enterprises, often because of large-scale breeding, so that cattle lack of sufficient exercise for a long time, which causes cattle to be weak and digestive ability is not strong, which is easy to cause cattle rumen accumulation.
1.3 Bovine rumen accumulation caused by disease
In addition to the above reasons, disease is also the main cause of rumen accumulation in cattle. Such as traumatic reticulitis, true gastritis and thermal diseases, etc., will cause damage to the bovine's physical function, especially gastrointestinal function, so that the normal physiological function of the bovine rumen changes, and then cause the bovine rumen to accumulate food.
2.1 Control diet
Controlling diet is the most effective way to control rumen accumulation in cattle. In the process of cattle breeding, it is necessary to avoid overeating of cattle, and the amount of feed should be strictly controlled, especially the proportion of forage in feed should be strictly controlled. Coarse, refined and forage should be fed a mixture of coarse feed, refined feed and forage, and should be stocked in small quantities and multiple times to avoid excessive food intake. In addition, we should also pay attention to the release of water, especially in the hot summer, a large amount of light salt water is conducive to the improvement of the rumen function of cattle, which has an extremely significant effect on promoting digestion.
2.2 Increase the amount of exercise
In the process of cattle breeding, it is necessary to appropriately increase the amount of movement of cattle according to the characteristics of their own farms. For rural family farming, regular "cattle herding" in the wild during the agricultural leisure season can increase its movement, and in addition, increasing the space of the cowshed is also a good way to increase its movement. For large-scale farms, the cattle should be driven to carry out appropriate exercise at regular intervals every day, and at the same time, the density of large-scale cattle breeding should be reduced, so as to promote the active movement of cattle.
2.3 Prevention and control of diseases
In order to prevent the rumen accumulation of cattle caused by diseases, it is necessary to do a good job in the daily management of cattle. This includes the cleaning of the cowshed, which should be cleaned up daily from the excrement, food waste feed and other pollutants in the cowshed to reduce the possibility of germ breeding; regular disinfection of the cattle shed to effectively kill germs; at the same time, the ventilation and proper lighting of the cowshed should be maintained, and its temperature and air humidity should be controlled to create a healthy living environment for the cattle, thereby reducing the occurrence of diseases. If necessary, it is also necessary to receive relevant vaccines and carry out external prevention and control treatment of the disease.
The treatment of rumen accumulation in cattle needs to take targeted treatment according to its pathological cause and the severity of the disease.
3.1 Treatment of mild bovine rumen accumulation
3.1.1 Massage therapy
For cattle with mild symptoms of rumen accumulation, the first step is to stop the feed delivery and massage the rumen of the sick cow within three hours of fasting. Massage is done by placing the palm of your hand on the rumen and applying a clockwise stroke massage with moderate force, 10-15 minutes at a time, twice an hour. After 3-5 massages, you need a lot of water, warm boiled water is appropriate, in the summer should also add a small amount of edible salt, after feeding water in the massage operation, can effectively treat the symptoms of rumen accumulation.
3.1.2 Pharmacologically adjuvant therapy
For mild bovine rumen accumulation, drug-assisted therapy can be used, combined with massage therapy, and the effect is better. Generally, it is generally necessary to administer laxatives, such as liquid paraffin oil or vegetable oil, so that the sick cattle can quickly excrete the residual food stuck in the rumen, and then inject pilocarpine subcutaneously to stimulate the rumen nerve and promote the operation of rumen function. Drug therapy is usually applied to sick cattle with no other conditions other than rumen accumulation, and should be used with caution for sick cattle or pregnant cattle with other diseases, or under the guidance of a professional.
3.2 Treatment of moderate bovine rumen accumulation
When the symptoms of bovine rumen accumulation have reached a certain level, it is necessary to first use warm light salt water for gastric lavage operation, wash the food residue in the rumen, and then inject ruminant solution through the vein, thereby improving the central nervous system regulation function of cattle, promoting heart peristalsis and blood circulation, and eliminating toxins in the body in time. The commonly used ruminant solution is a mixed solution of anna coffee injection with calcium chloride and sodium chloride. This treatment is very effective for bovine rumen accumulation with medium symptoms, which can effectively eliminate toxins produced by bovine rumen dysfunction and alleviate symptoms.
3.3 Treatment of severe bovine rumen accumulation
For cattle with very serious diseases, the first choice is to carry out gastric lavage operations with light saline, and then inject a large dose of anna caucus injection through the veins, while injecting glucose, normal saline and aqueous vitamin C solution, thereby protecting the function of the heart and liver, promoting metabolism, and preventing dehydration. Dehydration is the main manifestation of the damage caused by the rumen accumulation of cattle to the cattle themselves, and the elimination of dehydration means that the symptoms of rumen accumulation in cattle have been effectively controlled. Subsequently, it is necessary to pay attention to regulating the pH of the blood of cattle, and generally when the rumen of cattle is serious, it will lead to an imbalance of blood acid and base, so that the pH value rises. In this case, sodium bicarbonate or sodium lactate sodium chloride solution should be injected in time to effectively adjust the pH of the blood. When the disease is so serious that it cannot be effectively controlled by the above means, surgical treatment should be taken decisively. That is, the bovine rumen is cut open, the internal accumulation is removed, and washed with light salt water, while the artificially prepared healthy bovine rumen juice is added externally, so that the function of the bovine rumen is gradually restored to normal. Surgical treatment should pay attention to the fact that it must be operated by a professional veterinarian or a breeder with rich experience, and remember not to perform surgical operations at will, so as not to cause death and injury to cattle. After the operation, the sick cattle should be isolated and raised, and the health of their living environment should be strictly controlled to avoid wound infection.
Cattle rumen accumulation is a common disease in the process of cattle breeding, the relevant breeding personnel need to understand its symptoms, manifestations, causes and specific prevention measures, in the actual feeding process, pay attention to the feeding and management of the feeding environment, try to avoid the occurrence of cattle rumen accumulation, and when the corresponding symptoms are found, immediately take the correct measures to deal with.
Author: Shen Yunwu