Bovine rumen flatulence is commonly known as bloating, bai is mainly due to cattle du eating a large amount of easy fermentation feed resulting in a large amount of gas production, belching is blocked by zhi, Dao caused by the rumen rapid expansion. Primary rumen aspirate is mainly due to the intake of large amounts of fermentable feeds, such as the first grazing in early spring or the feeding of large quantities of tender and succulent pastures, especially leguminous pastures, or the consumption of spoiled and spoiled feeds. Secondary rumen pods are often secondary to esophageal obstruction, flap gastric flaccidity and obstruction, true gastric ulcer and torsion, and traumatic reticulitis. Generally, the onset of the disease is urgent, the abdominal circumference is rapidly increased, the left humerus is the most obvious, the percussion is drumming, and the rumen initial peristalsis of auscultation is enhanced, and then weakened or even disappears.
【Symptoms】
(1) Acute rumen bloating
Usually after eating a large amount of fermentable feed, the onset of disease occurs rapidly, and even some suddenly stand still during feeding, stop feeding, loss of appetite, and rapid development of clinical symptoms.
At the beginning of the disease, the behavior is restless, the mood is melancholy, the conjunctiva is hyperemic, and the blood vessels around the cornea are dilated. Looking back at the abdomen, the abdominal circumference quickly expanded. Rumen contractions are first strengthened, then weakened or disappeared, and the paralombal fossa protrudes. The abdominal wall is tense and elastic, and the percussion is a drumming sound.
Difficulty breathing, with rumen dilation and swelling, the diaphragm is compressed, the breathing is forced and forced, and even the head and neck are extended, the mouth is opened to extend the tongue to breathe, and the number of breaths increases to more than 60 times / minute. Palpitations, rapid pulse, the number of pulses can reach 100 to 120 times / min or more. In the later stages, the heart failure is weak, the pulse is weak, and the condition is critical.
Foamy swelling, where foamy saliva is commonly reversed or squirted out of the mouth. When the rumen is punctured, only a small amount of gas is discharged intermittently. Rumen fluid gushes upwards with the tense contraction of the rumen wall, blocking the puncture needle hole and making it difficult to exhaust.
In the later stages of the disease, heart failure, blood circulation disorders, venous irritation, dyspnea, cyanosis of the mucous membranes, the skin of the cow's udders also becomes dark blue, the eyes are afraid, sweating, occasionally or the subcutaneous air swelling of the shoulders and backs, unstable standing, staggering gait, often suddenly falling to the ground, spasms, convulsions, falling into a state of suffocation and cardiac paralysis.
(2) Chronic rumen bloating
Mostly caused by secondary factors, the disease is flaccid, the rumen is moderately inflated, sometimes dissipated, often repeated after food intake or water. Usually non-foamy bloating, puncture and exhaust and then inflated, rumen contraction movement is normal or weakened, and the needle rotates with rumen contraction. The gas discharged by the calf has a significant sour odor. The disease progresses slowly, with decreased appetite and rumination, and waterweeds are slow and gradually emaciated. Production performance is reduced and milk production in cows is significantly reduced.
(3) Course and prognosis
Primary acute rumen distension, rapid course of the disease, if not treated in time, suffocation within a few hours of death. In mild cases, treatment is timely, can be cured quickly, and the prognosis is good. However, in some cases, after treatment and swelling, they recur, and the prognosis is suspicious.
Chronic rumen bloating, which can last from weeks to months. Prognosis varies due to different causes. Secondary to anterior gastric flaccidity, the original disease is cured and chronic bloating disappears. Secondary to traumatic mitochomegastric peritonitis, abdominal organ adhesions, caused by tumors and other lesions, long-term treatment, poor prognosis.
【Diagnosis】
Acute rumen bloating, severe condition, according to the medical history, the onset of a large amount of fermentable feed, abdominal distension, left paramboros lumbar fossa bulge, blood circulation disorders, extreme difficulty breathing, it is not difficult to diagnose. Chronic swelling, flaccidity, and repeated gas production. It varies with the primary disease and can be diagnosed through etiological analysis.
【Treatment】
The disease develops rapidly, and the rescue of sick animals should be timely. Take effective emergency measures to exhaust and reduce inflation to save sick animals. Therefore, the treatment principle focuses on the elimination of gas, preventing fermentation, rational qi and flatulence, strengthening the heart, and digesting the stomach, so as to facilitate the rehabilitation process.
At the beginning of the disease, the head and neck of the sick animal are lifted, and the abdomen is moderately massaged with a grass handle to promote the elimination of gas in the rumen. At the same time, apply turpentine 20 ~ 30 ml, fish stone fat 10 ~ 15 grams, 95% alcohol 30 ~ 50 ml, add an appropriate amount of warm water, or 8% magnesium oxide solution 600 ~ 1000 ml, once taken internally, has a swelling effect.
In severe cases, when the risk of asphyxia occurs, a rumen aspiration deflation is first applied with a cannula needle to prevent asphyxia. Non-foamy swelling, after deflation, it is advisable to use dilute hydrochloric acid 10 to 30 ml; or fish stone fat 15 to 25 grams, 95% alcohol 100 ml, water 1000 ml; can also use quicklime water 1000 ~ 3000 ml. After deflation, 50 to 100 ml of 0.25% procaine solution and 1 million units of penicillin were injected into the rumen, and the effect was better.
Foamy swelling, for the purpose of anti-foaming and swelling, it is advisable to use surfactive drugs, such as dimethicone oil, bovine 2 to 2.5 grams; sheep 0.5 to 1.0 grams, or with anti-swelling tablets (dimethicone oil 15 mg / tablet), cattle 30 to 60 tablets, taken internally, can quickly work. In fact, the application of rapeseed oil, soybean oil, peanut oil or sesame oil 300 ml, warm water 500 ml, made of oil emulsion, internal use; can also use turpentine 30 ~ 40 ml, liquid paraffin 500 ~ 1000 ml, often water appropriate amount, once taken internally, have the effect of eliminating foam.
In addition, with 2% to 3% sodium bicarbonate solution, rumen washing is performed to regulate the rumen contents ph. If caused by the consumption of purpura, 200 to 300 grams of salt and 4000 to 6000 ml of regular water can be used for internal administration, all of which have anti-fermentation and swelling effects. In order to exclude rumen contents and their fermented substances, salts or oily laxatives (dosage and usage, refer to rumen accumulation); or pilocarpine 0.02 to 0.05 g, or neostigine 0.01 to 0.02 g, subcutaneous injection, excitation of parasympathetics, promote rumen peristalsis, conducive to rumination and belching.
In the process of treatment, attention should be paid to the state of whole body function, timely strengthening of the heart (refer to rumen accumulation therapy), to enhance the treatment effect.
However, it should be pointed out that when foamy bloating is ineffective and drug treatment is ineffective, rumen incision should be performed, the contents of which should be removed and treated according to surgical requirements to prevent contamination. Practice has proved that good results are often obtained. See Rumen incision. After inoculating rumen juice, after eliminating rumen gas or undergoing rumen surgery, 3 to 6 liters of bovine health rumen juice is used, and an appropriate amount of penicillin or oxytetracycline is applied to inject into the rumen to improve the prevention and treatment effect.
As for mild cases, making the sick cow stand on the slope, maintaining a high and low posture, constantly pulling its tongue, or coating the sick cow with a wooden stick with a coal phenol soap solution, giving the sick cow a latch in the mouth, and massaging the rumen at the same time to promote gas elimination can also work.
【Prevention】
The prevention of this disease focuses on strengthening feeding management, enhancing the reactivity of the anterior gastric nerve, promoting digestive function, and maintaining its healthy level.
(1) One week before grazing or changing to green feed, first feed green hay, straw, or crop straw, and then graze or feed green feed, so as to avoid sudden feed change and overeating.
(2) In grazing, attention should be paid to avoiding the intake of legumes before flowering; accumulate grass that is fermented or soaked by rain and dew, and try to feed as little as possible to prevent swelling.
(3) Gas production is related to the sugar content of pasture grass, the sugar content of legumes such as alfalfa and astragalus is higher in the afternoon than in the morning, and it is easy to eat in the afternoon, which is prone to acute swelling, so it should be noted.
(4) Young and tender grass, easy to ferment after feeding, should be dried and mixed with hay feeding. The amount of feeding should be limited. Cattle and sheep grazing should pay attention to the rotation of lush pasture areas and barren grasslands to avoid overeating.
(5) Pay attention to feed storage, prevent mildew and deterioration, and feed concentrate should be appropriately restricted, especially powder residue, lees, sweet potatoes, potatoes, carrots, etc., and should not be fed suddenly, and drink water immediately after feeding to prevent the occurrence of this disease.
(6) Cattle and sheep are fed in the house, and within one or two days before starting grazing, polyethylene oxide is given first; or 20 to 30 grams of polypropylene oxide, add a small amount of soybean oil; sheep 3 to 5 grams, put in drinking water, take internally, and then graze, which can prevent the disease