As a form of folk rap, cross-talk began in the Ming and Qing dynasties and became popular in contemporary times. Crosstalk is an art form of dialogue that comes from life, is slightly satirical and laughable, and brings everyone a unique viewing experience.
In modern society, cross-talk actors will generally perform in theaters, teahouses and other places, the actors are staged on stage, the audience is watching below, and there is nothing that can be related to the danger.
However, in turbulent times, the performance venues of cross-talk artists are not so fixed and safe, but even in such a harsh environment, they still insist on bringing joy and laughter with their excellent works. Among them, Chang Baokun is an artistic master who is admired and admired by people, and his heroic deeds are still remembered to this day.
Chang Was born on May 5, 1922 in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, and when he was only three years old, he began to learn tricks with his father. Since the age of four, he has been selling art on the streets with his father, mainly performing "talking" in the trick.
Because Chang Baokun's voice is clean and clear, his speech is very sharp, his reaction is very fast, and he is very good at shaking baggage to make people laugh, so although he is young, he is quite popular with the local people.
In 1931, with the support of his father, Chang Baokun, who was nine years old at the time, began to change his profession to cross-talk. In order to facilitate Chang Baokun to learn cross-talk, the Chang family moved from Zhangjiakou to Changchun Road in Tianjin's Heping District, and Chang Baokun was also very lucky to enter the door of zhang Shouchen, a famous cross-talk teacher, and systematically learned how to say good cross-talk.
Zhang Shouchen saw that Chang Baokun was so spiritual and obedient and sensible, so he liked him very much and treated him like his own son. With the careful guidance of a high person, coupled with Chang Baokun's intelligence and willingness to study, talent and diligence have made him grow into a well-known cross-talk actor in just four years. Many people say that he was born to speak crosstalk.
Indeed, Chang Baokun's fame has been red since he was a child, belonging to the "child red". He spoke crosstalk with his father's partner at a very young age, and there are still records recorded when he spoke with his father.
In those days, recording records was a great thing, and it had to be very popular talents. Chang Baokun could be treated like this at such a young age, which was enough to see how many people liked and sought after him at that time.
Chang Baokun began to partner with another excellent cross-talk actor, Zhao Peiru, at the age of 15, and the two people had a tacit understanding, teased each other, and often traveled around Beijing and Tianjin.
Whenever they performed together, the venue was packed and packed. With their impressive achievements and popularity, they soon became one of the five grades in Tianjin in the cross-talk industry at that time.
In the next ten years, no matter who is popular in the cross-talk industry, they will be compared with them by the media. Chang Baokun also relied on his own strength to become a benchmark existence in the cross-talk industry at that time.
Chang Baokun's master level can be judged from three aspects: The first is that his cross-talk has been recognized and praised by many cross-talk masters at that time, including now. The second is that at that time, as long as he talked about crosstalk, he would be mentioned, which was enough to prove his status in the cross-talk industry.
The third is to listen to him from the recording left behind, although the sound quality is not so clear and complete, but the skills should be just right, the rhythm is also very good, and the burden will cause laughter. In terms of the above three points, Chang Baokun's title of master can be said to be well-deserved.
Chang Baokun's stage name is "Little Mushroom", which is also everyone's love name for him. "Small mushroom" has two meanings, one is, because mushrooms are local specialties of Zhangjiakou, delicious and nutritious, so the audience calls him "mushrooms" because they think he has a good job of kung fu and gives him a most down-to-earth affirmation.
The other is because he was cute and clever from childhood, from childhood to follow his father to sell art, will coax and praise, grinding and grunting will ask the audience for money, hence the name.
The most important thing to learn crosstalk is to learn to be a person first, which is not false at all. Although Chang Baokun was a rare wizard in the cross-talk industry, it was also because others did a good job first, so that everyone at that time liked him and recognized him.
People in the cross-talk community say that he is generous and takes great care of his peers, and when he sees who has difficulties, he will help at that time, and never expect to reciprocate. As an apprentice, Chang Baokun had great respect for his master.
As long as it is ordered by the master, he will do it. Once the master was locked up, he also asked someone to rescue the master from prison. Hearing that shi niang had died, he was the first to come to help take care of the aftermath. Although he was young, because of his early debut and his already quite famous, some people came to worship his master as his apprentice.
He not only abolished the traditional old customs and old rules such as "three years of apprenticeship and two years of effectiveness", but also had no harsh constraints and requirements for the apprentices, and did not have to work to eat and live, but only to learn crosstalk well.
He was notorious for doting on his apprentices, and even allowed them to perform under his name. Chang Baokun not only takes good care of his peers in the cross-talk community, but he also helps his neighbors and people, and never stingy.
Chang Baokun was very patriotic, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he and his partner Zhao Peiru cooperated in many cross-talk works that satirized the Japanese invaders, such as "Tooth Powder Bag" and "Monkey Play", etc. Because of his public provocation, he was twice imprisoned in the Japanese gendarmerie, and after being arrested, he was beaten and persecuted, but he still stubbornly resisted and never bowed his head. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he also refused the invitation of the Kuomintang to force him to perform cross-talk works to satirize the Communist Party.
When Tianjin was liberated, the People's Liberation Army had discipline, and no one could enter the homes of the people, and they all slept on the main road at night. At that time, Chang Baokun saw such a scene and was deeply moved. However, many local people do not know the truth, so they dare not open the door.
Chang Baokun and a few PLA comrades knocked on the door of a water shop to help the PLA solve the problem of drinking water. Then he took these comrades to the grocery store to buy some grain. Relying on his fame, Chang Baokun helped the People's Liberation Army solve its urgent needs.
In July 1949, Chang Baokun, as a representative of the Tianqu art circle, attended the first congress of Chinese literary and artistic workers held in Beijing. At the meeting, he was also fortunate to be cordially received by Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and other state leaders.
After returning to Tianjin, Chang Baokun, who was encouraged, was enthusiastically involved in the creation and performance of cross-talk, hoping to bring more and better cross-talk works to the audience. He also bought a house in Xinglong Nanli, Shaanxi Road, hoping that the family would live safely and happily. But this new house, he only lived in for less than a year.
In 1951, Chang Baokun heard that Hou Baolin and other famous cross-talk artists were going to the front line to offer condolences and performances, so he made a special trip to Beijing to discuss with his father, hoping that his father could support him. To be able to contribute to the country, his father naturally supported him.
So he returned to Tianjin to explain the situation to the city and took the initiative to ask to participate in the condolence mission to the DPRK. The mayor said that we can't do this, and we need to ask the central authorities. Upon hearing this news, the central authorities greatly appreciated this news and specially approved the independent establishment of a squadron in Tianjin, with Chang Baokun as the captain.
When they arrived at the front line, the Tianjin Squadron led by Chang Baokun performed very hard, and was also welcomed and loved by the soldiers on the front line. One day on a performance on the mountain, it was already dark, but suddenly the air defense siren sounded. The performance of the condolence group could only be terminated, and after a while, listening to the outside there was no movement, Chang Baokun was the first to run out of the air raid shelter and ask what was going on?
The soldier's answer was that the enemy planes were mostly frightened, and they flew around a few laps and ran. Chang Baokun said, Since you are not afraid, we are not afraid. The performance continued, and Chang Baokun did not forget to joke: "Knowing that it is dark, Lao Mei also specially left us a few flares."
On April 23, the volunteer army condolence group led by Chang Baokun successfully concluded the performance and prepared to leave for China. At this moment, the enemy plane suddenly flew in and swooped down to shoot a shuttle of bullets at the team, and Chang Baokun, who was the captain, immediately stood up and shouted: "Crouch down, don't expose!" However, he himself was unfortunately shot and died, when Chang Baokun was only twenty-nine years old.
Chang Baokun was awarded the glorious title of People's Artist and Revolutionary Martyr by the Tianjin Municipal Government. On the day of his funeral, the mayor of Tianjin personally helped the spirit, and 800,000 local people spontaneously came to give him the last journey.
The funeral procession stretched for half of Tianjin City, and all shops along the way were closed. In front of all the doors was a table with snacks and mung bean water that the workers drank for free. The sky was full of white paper money, and his master Zhang Shouchen almost fainted on the stage while reciting the eulogy.
Chang Baokun is gone, but the beauty he left for that era will not be forgotten by history, and he used his short but brilliant life to interpret the master style of patriotism, respect for teachers, and love for the people, and it is precisely because of his personality charm that so many people love him.
He was a talented man, but he never squandered his talent, and even if everyone in the red knew it, he would still go to the market every week to learn "work" from others.
He has a motto: "Only if you listen to the audience, the audience can listen to you". Chang Baokun's aphorism also inspired and helped young actors who later learned cross-talk how to go deep into life, walk into the people's side, listen and ponder, and then give back the excellent works from life to the audience after repeated deliberation, bringing more happiness to everyone.
And he who loves crosstalk should also be saying crosstalk in heaven to bring joyful laughter to the vast number of people in heaven!
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