Tongren City, a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Guizhou Province, is located in the northeast of Guizhou Province, the hinterland of Wuling Mountain, east of Huaihua City, Hunan Province, bordering Chongqing City in the north, high in the northwest and low in the southeast, the whole territory is mainly mountainous, most of the area belongs to the central subtropical monsoon humid climate zone; the total area is 18,003 square kilometers, with jurisdiction over 2 municipal districts, 4 counties, 4 autonomous counties; the permanent population in 2018 was 3.1688 million. The history is long. In the Qin Dynasty, it was the abdomen area of Qianzhong County, which was changed to Wuling County during the Han Dynasty, and there were county administrations at the beginning of the Shu Han Dynasty; in the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Sizhou, Jinzhou, and Qianzhou. At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the two Xuanwei Divisions of Sizhou and Sinan were set up, and the Yuan Dynasty set up the "Copper Man Size Jiang Barbarian Military and Civilian Chief's Division". In the eleventh year of Ming Yongle's reign, he withdrew sizhou and Sinan Xuanwei divisions, and set up the four prefectures of Tongren, Sinan, Shiquan, and Wuluo in the present territory, and placed them under the jurisdiction of the newly established Guizhou Province. Today we come to talk about the eight celebrities of Tongren City, which ones do you know?
Yang Fang (1770-1846), also known as Tongkui, was a native of Songtao Hall (present-day Songtao Miao Autonomous County) in Guizhou, a famous general of the late Qing Dynasty, and the first person to be enfeoffed in Guizhou. Since childhood, his family was poor, he was good at reading, practicing martial arts hard, forced to make a living, he threw himself into the army, and served as the general manager of Zhenyuan Town. In the second year of Jiaqing (1797), he was successful in suppressing the Xiangqian Miao people's uprising led by Shi Liudeng and Wu August, and was promoted to the garrison of the Taigong Camp. When the Opium War broke out, Yang Fang went to Guangdong with counsellor Yishan to meet the enemy and used the Yinmen Array to fight against the British warships, which was ridiculed by the time and posterity, leaving a laughing stock for eternity. After defeat, fear the enemy and the Lord. Later, he returned to serve as the viceroy of Hunan. In June of the 20th year of Daoguang (1840), the first Opium War occurred in China's modern history. In the first month of the following year, the Daoguang Emperor declared war on the British, ordered Yang Fang and Hubu Shangshu Longwen to be counsellors and sent troops to Guangzhou to fight against the British army. Before he came to Guangdong, the official Governor of Hunan was preparing to enter Beijing for training, and he traveled to Fengcheng, Jiangxi, and on February 12, he was appointed by the Counselor and immediately turned south. Later, due to the corruption of the Qing court and the signing of the "Guangzhou Treaty", which was unequal in mourning power and humiliation of the country, Yang Fang was distraught and remained in Guangzhou to continue to manage military affairs. In June, he rode out of the city to inspect the flood fort of the camp, accidentally lost his horse and fell ill and was bedridden. The Daoguang Emperor remembered that he could not meditate and recuperate in Guangzhou, and approved him to return to Hunan to treat his illness. Twenty-three years after Daoguang (1843), Yang Fang returned from Hunan to his hometown and still received a full salary. In the twenty-sixth year (1846), he died of illness in the home of Songtao Tutun and was given a pension according to the practice of the Viceroy, and was given the title of Qinyong.
Tian Qiu (1494-1556), also spelled Ruli, was a native of Shuidesi (present-day Sinan County), Sinan Province, Guizhou, and a ming dynasty jinshi and an official envoy to Guangdong. He has been an official for twenty years, outspoken and outspoken, and honest in performing official duties. He was a pioneer in developing talents in Guizhou and establishing prefecture and county schools, with outstanding merit and outstanding achievements. In the more than 100 years from the founding of Guizhou in the eleventh year of Yongle (1413) to Jiajing in the ming dynasty, 12 of the 13 provinces in the country had township test fields. However, the Guizhou scientific examination is still part of Yunnan Province, and all students who want to pass the examination are given to Kunming, Yunnan Province. Thousands of miles, rough roads, and difficult travel have brought great disadvantages to Guizhou's selection of talents and talents. Guizhou Fu press also declared to the imperial court to set up its own examination hall, but failed to do so. It was often dismissed by the imperial court as "the old system is difficult to change" or "the old system cannot be changed lightly". In this way, the development of education in Guizhou has been slow, and the education in remote prefectures and counties has become even more backward. In the ninth year of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty (1530 AD), Tian Qiu presented to the emperor "Opening a Xianke to Teach Hongwen", and asked guizhou to set up an independent township examination hall. Fourteen years (1535 AD), approved by the imperial court. In the sixteenth year (1537 AD), Guizhou opened the department for the first time, and since then, Guizhou talents have been everywhere and have directly pursued the Central Plains.
Mei Jiding, a native of Tongren, Guizhou, during the Qing Dynasty. During the Qing Dynasty (1821-1850 AD), he raised people. In October of the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855 AD), yu and Xu Tingjie led a rebellion in Tongren, capturing the Wenwu Yamen of Tongren Province and killing the prefect. Qing Dynasty Guizhou Tongren people. During the Qing Dynasty (1821-1850 AD), he raised people. In October of the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855 AD), yu and Xu Tingjie led a rebellion in Tongren, capturing the Wenwu Yamen of Tongren Province and killing the prefect. Immediately echoed with Liu Shimei of Jiangkou and Zongda of Ineda, leading the crowd to revolt again. They wore red scarves on their heads under the slogan of "folding the signs", so they were called the Red Horn Army, and Mei was one of the leaders of the Red Horn Army. The morale of the Red Horn Army was strong, and it trapped towns such as Songtao, Sinan, Shiquan, Yinjiang, Yuping, and Qingxi, and marched toward Hunan, and the number of soldiers and civilians spread to more than 10,000 people. In the first month of the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856 AD), the Xiang army captured Tongren in a fierce battle, and Xu Tingjie and Mei Jiding all died heroically.
Wang Daoxing (1758-1822), Zi Xing'an, No. Zhucun, Qing Dynasty Guizhou Yinjiang people, calligrapher and painter, Qianlong fifty-four years (1789 AD) Jinshi, Shaanxi Prefecture sentenced Chang'an County Cheng, later Yongshouzhi County, Jingyang Zhi County. In the eighteenth year of Jiaqing (1813 AD), Ju Mu returned home. Rotate guangdong Guishan, Xuwen, Xinhui and other zhi counties. Proficient in calligraphy, self-contained, old and laborious. During his time in Kyoshi, he was able to sponsor the Cabinet Zhongshu because of his good calligraphy, and because of his similarity to prince Cheng's calligraphy, he became Prince Cheng's knife catcher. There are many kinds of stone carvings left in Shaanxi. The octagonal seven-story Wenchang Pavilion in the west of Yinjiang County has a stone plaque of "Pillar of Jiangcheng" written by him. He is also good at painting, especially long painting plums, writing in the middle of the work, brush and ink are smooth, painting on many topics of self-composed poems, very bookish. There are ink pen freehand plum blossom diagram axis, meitu peculiar, plum branches inverted, forming a ring, the inscription in the ring is dashing and natural, dense and elegant, so that the beauty of calligraphy and painting blends, blending seamlessly, so that the beauty of calligraphy and painting blends, it is inseparable, and the inscription also has a deep meaning: "Occupy the spring and the willows, a garden of shadow and snow. What is the reason for the identity of the center? Only to be able to blossom in the cold. His works include "Draft Political Science", "Zhengyu Poetry Banknote", "Cungui Shanfang Poetry Banknote" and other engravings.
Zhou Yiqun (1896 – May 20, 1931), courtesy name Lifeng, was born in Tongren City, Guizhou Province. He was an outstanding member of the Communist Party of China, an outstanding proletarian revolutionary, a military expert, a propagandist, and an activist, an introducer to Comrade He Long's party, one of the founders of the early Chinese Communist Party army, and one of the founders of the three major revolutionary base areas of the Communist Party of China, the Xiang'e-E-West Revolutionary Base Area and the Western Hunan-Hubei Red Army. On September 14, 2009, Zhou Yiqun was named one of the 100 heroic and exemplary figures who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China.
Liao Xilong, male, joined the Party in February 1963, enlisted in the army in January 1959, graduated from the basic department of the PLA Military Academy, college degree. Rank of General. He was a member of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China and a member of the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China. 1985.06-1995.07, Deputy Commander of Chengdu Military Region (during the period: 1986.09-1986.12 Studied in the Department of National Defense Research of the National Defense University) 1995.07-2002.11, Commander of Chengdu Military Region, Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee (1999.09-2001.09 On-the-job Postgraduate Course on Social Development and Management of Applied Sociology, Department of Sociology, Peking University) 2002.11-2003.03, Member of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, Director of the General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army. 2003.03-——2012 Member of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, Member of the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China, Director of the General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army.
Xi Zhengming was born in 1884 to a peasant family in Daya Township. In 1907, he was admitted to the Guizhou Army Primary School. In 1910, he was promoted to the Third Middle School of the Wuchang Army, joined the "League Association" in June of the same year, and in 1912 he was appointed as the commander of the 83rd Regiment of the Northern Expeditionary Army in Guizhou, and was recommended as the commander-in-chief of the Dangkou Army. In 1914, he was appointed chief of the Guizhou branch of the Chinese Revolutionary Party and chief of staff of the Guizhou Commander's Department. On June 6, 1916, in order to stabilize the overall situation, Sun Yat-sen ordered Xi Zhengming, in the name of the president of the Army Alumni Association, to send a telegram to the whole country to stop all military activities.
Long Shichang (1928-1952), Miao, Guizhou Songtao people. In 1950, he joined the Chinese People's Liberation Army and joined the Chinese New Democratic Youth League in the same year. In 1951, he joined the Chinese Volunteer Army. Chinese Special Meritorious Hero of the People's Volunteer Army and Second Class Combat Hero. Hero of the Battle of Shangganling. On October 19, 1952, 597 was captured at the Battle of Shangganling in Korea. In the battle on the main peak of Highland 9, two American bunkers were continuously blasted, opening up a way forward for the troops. When the troops reached Position 9, they were blocked by enemy fire. Wounded in the arm and leg, he forced it again, shoving the canister into the enemy bunker and pushing it out. He immediately grabbed the white smoke blaster and stuffed it into it, and the enemy pushed it out desperately, and at the moment when he was about to explode, he resolutely used his body against the blaster and blew up the enemy's fort and died.
Yan Yinliang (1854-1933) Guizhou Yinjiang people, Tujia family, character Bitzen, trumpet Bi Cheng, alias Lefto Guang, Leftan, Yangpo Mountain People, Yangpo Residents. Famous calligrapher and educator. The plaque of the Imperial Garden of the Qing Dynasty is the inscription. Yan Yinliang's calligraphy name Zhenjingshi was in the twenty-ninth year of Guangxu (1903). In this year, the restoration of the Summer Palace in Beijing was completed, and the prince in charge of supervising the work asked for the three words "Summer Palace" on the plaque at the gate of the book, and there were many good readers in the capital, and all the major Hanlins competed to donate books, and Empress Dowager Cixi felt dissatisfied after reading it. At this time, Yan Yinliang was teaching the museum in Beijing, and he was recommended to participate in the application. Yan Yinliang had always studied calligraphy in depth, and wang Xizhi, a distant master, had been in the past for many years, and he had the essence of Han, Wei, Jin, and Tang calligraphy, so he wrote the three characters of "Summer Palace" with the harmony of the lines, and the good calligraphers in the capital of the Qing Dynasty praised it, and Empress Dowager Cixi also greatly appreciated it, so she ordered him to have eighteen plaques in the halls, buildings, and cabinets in the academy, and twenty-three pairs of couplets. Afterwards, Empress Dowager Cixi summoned Jia Mian and gave her a "Chen Reward" with a jade medal. When the news came out, the calligraphy circles in Beijing were shocked, and for a while Yan Yinliang became famous in Hainei, and people who came to the door to seek books and teachings followed. But he said very modestly: "The rest of his life is a vain name, and he is ashamed of it." ”
History of Tongren City:
On January 12, 1950, the whole territory of Tongren District was liberated, and Tongren Special District was set up that year, and the Commissioner's Office was located in Tongren County, with jurisdiction over 9 counties of Tongren, Yuping, Songtao, Jiangkou, Yinjiang, Shiquan, Sinan, Dejiang and Yanhe. In 1952, Jiujiang Township, Xiushan County, Sichuan Province, was transferred to Songtao County, Guizhou Province. In September 1956, Songtao County was abolished and Songtao Miao Autonomous County was established. In December 1958, Yuping and Jiangkou counties were abolished and merged into Tongren County. In August 1961, Yuping and Jiangkou counties were restored. In December 1966, the Wanshan Special Zone was established, abolished in September 1968, and restored in August 1970. In January 1979, the Tongren District Revolutionary Committee was abolished and the Tongren District Administrative Office (hereinafter referred to as the Tongren District Administrative Office) was abolished, as the current structure of the administrative dispatch organ of the People's Government of Guizhou Province. On September 7, 1983, the State Council approved the abolition of Yuping County to establish Yuping Dong Autonomous County, the original administrative area remained unchanged; on October 7, 1986, the State Council approved the abolition of Yanhe County and the establishment of Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County, the original administrative area remained unchanged; on December 13, 1986, the State Council approved the abolition of Yinjiang County and the establishment of Yinjiang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, with the original administrative area unchanged. On August 21, 1987, the State Council approved the abolition of Tongren County and the establishment of Tongren City, with the original administrative area unchanged. On October 22, 2011, the prefecture-level Tongren City in Tongren District was abolished, the original county-level Tongren City was abolished to set up Bijiang District, and the former county-level Tongren City administrative area was taken as the new Bijiang District administrative area; the Wanshan Special Zone was abolished and Tongren City Wanshan District was established.