Recently, some vegetable farmers have said that the aphids of kale seedlings are seriously harmful, and symptoms such as leaf deformity, yellowing, and dwarf plants appear, which will bring significant losses to later yields. In addition to cruciferous flowers, aphids have recently occurred severely in vegetable crops such as solanaceae and cucurbitaceae.
Aphids, also known as greasy insects and honey worms, are a type of plant-eating insect. Aphids are sucking mouthpart pests, it will be inserted into the plant tissue to absorb sap when feeding, and most of the unused water, sugar is excreted from the abdominal tube, these excrement has a high sugar content, sweet taste, so it becomes a "honey worm", and because the secretion of the aphid is sticky as oil, it also becomes a "greasy worm".
Why are there so many aphids this year?
This year, affected by warm winter weather, the average temperature in the early stage is high, coupled with drought, resulting in an average increase of 3 to 4 times the eggs of wintering insects compared with previous years, and the base of aphid occurrence is large;
The recent increase in temperature has provided a good living environment for the growth, reproduction and migration of aphids, so the outbreak is serious.
Small bugs, big harm
Vegetable aphids are infested by adult and nymph swarms of vegetables that gather at vegetable growth points, seedlings, young stems, young leaves and leaf backs to directly suck sap, resulting in low growth rates, leaf spots, yellowing, stunted growth, leaf curls, reduced yields, wilting, and even death of the affected plants;
At the same time, by secreting honeydew to cover the surface of plants, it leads to mold growth, reduced photosynthesis and spread of viruses, indirectly causing serious economic losses to vegetables.
Because aphids have the characteristics of parthenogenesis and hermaphroditic reproduction, short reproductive cycle, large number of annual generations, annual occurrence and migration, it is very suitable for the characteristics of fast vegetable growth, short growth period and high multiple seed index, resulting in serious harm to the occurrence of vegetable aphids.
How to prevent it
01
Agricultural control
Remove weeds from the field before cultivation, strengthen fertilizer and water management, and remove the dead leaves of the field in time after vegetable harvesting and take them out of the field for destruction.
02
Predators cure aphids
Use and protect parasitic natural enemies such as aphid cocoon bees, aphid wasps, jumping wasps, and predatory natural enemies such as ladybirds and aphid-eating flies for prevention and control.
03
Yellow plate lures aphids, silver gray film avoids aphids
Winged adult aphids have a strong tendency to yellow and orange yellow, and can be hung on a yellow plate to lure aphids; aphids have strong avoidance of silver gray, and can hang some silver-gray plastic strips in the field or cover vegetables with silver-gray mulch film.
04
chemical control
At the beginning of the occurrence, 46% fludaramide and acetamidine water dispersion granules, 20% pyriaclesone and thiamethoxamine suspensions, 75% pyriaclopridone and heliospironium ethyl ester water dispersible granules, 16% polycycline and acetamiprid suspension agents can be used alternately for prevention and control.
The control of vegetable aphids has long relied mainly on chemical agents, resulting in the dosage of vegetable fields per unit area often higher than other crops, resulting in a faster occurrence of resistance and higher resistance levels.
In the process of resistance management of vegetable aphids, in addition to adhering to the principle of resistance control and formulating a scientific and reasonable drug use plan, it is also necessary to combine agricultural control, physical control and biological control methods to delay the emergence and development of drug resistance, so as to achieve the balance of the ecological environment and the sustainable development of agriculture.
Source: Vegetable Ten