Recently, apples have grown to the size of eggs, and some areas have begun to bagging. This year's climate is more abnormal, and it is frost damage, and hail disaster, so that apple growers really want to cry without tears, and the recent temperature is climbing all the way, making the orchards that are difficult to manage worse.
Inadequate management of orchards, this year's diseases and insect pests are more serious, powdery mildew, black star disease, branch rotunda disease, these are the more powerful "lord" this year, insect pests are more common all claw mites, and in the recent visit, we also found pear roundworms.
As shown in the image above, the white dot in the middle of the red dot, if gently provoked with the tip of the needle, is an orange bug below. Pear roundworm, to adults, nymphs suck branches, leaves, fruits and other parts, prefer a large concentration on the sunny side. It leads to stunted branch development, causing early leaf fall and severe death. At present, it is the pest period of the first generation of nymphs, and after they suck into the harmful tissues, they only need a few hours to secrete white wax and form a mesemb. It is worth noting that when the number of insect mouths increases in summer, it will spread to the fruit as a pest. In the orchard on the map, the fruit has been damaged, indicating that the number of pear roundworms in the orchard has been very large, and it must be prevented and controlled in a hurry, otherwise it will cause great losses.
First, understand the symptoms of damage on the fruit. Most of the parasites on the fruit are female insects, you can see the purple-red ring spots on the fruit surface, even if the shell is dropped, the purple-red ring spots will still exist, affecting the value of fruit commodities, prevention and control is not timely, aggravating the insect situation, but also will lead to fruit dry shrinkage loss of water, directly lose the value of the commodity. After the stem is damaged, it shrinks and causes the fruit to fall. If you do not pay attention to the female nymph into the fruit bag when bagging, it will continue to harm the fruit in the bag and affect the quality of the fruit. As the female ends of development, the shell falls off, and the purple-red spots fade in the middle and sink slightly downward.
The young fruit of the victim
Branches are damaged, you can see many dense gray and white dots, different from the fruit, when harming the branches, female insects, male insects can parasitize, stinging the branches and leaves, causing cortex thrombosis, inhibiting normal growth, causing leaf fall, and the branches dry up.
Most of the parasites on the leaves are male insects, mainly on the front of the leaf, the main vein, the two sides of the lateral vein, the leaf loses green and turns gray and yellow, which is not conducive to photosynthesis. On the petiole, which also parasitizes the male and female insects together, it also forms purple-red spots, causing the petiole to dry up and the leaves to fall.
So, the same is the apple orchard, why is the orchard of this fruit grower, pear roundworm occurs so seriously?
1. The insect body itself. Pear roundworm can reproduce in both sexes, can also not need "father", each female insect can lay 50-100 eggs, a female insect can reproduce more than 1300 a year, the number is very large; eating miscellaneous, can host more than 150 kinds of plants, pears, peaches, grapes, walnuts are common hosts, and these several fruit trees in the north of the planting are very common; rapid reproduction, great harm, nymphs just come out, first quietly lying down, wait until out of the shell, quickly climb to the tissue to find a place to suck secretion shell, After 2 years of continuous harm, it can lead to the weakening or even death of the tree; the greater the temperature and humidity, the gradual increase in hatching rate.
The fruit is badly damaged
2, Qingyuan is not in place. Qingyuan, of great significance, needless to say, but some fruit farmers are troublesome, after harvesting did not carry out the garden, or casually cleaned, not thorough enough, a large number of branches, leaves piled up in the orchard, not timely concentration deep burial, burning, resulting in more and more sources of overwintering insects in the orchard.
3, scion, seedlings with insects. Pear roundworms travel long distances by scion, seedlings, and transport; close propagation by wind, birds, or insect migrations. If the purchased seedlings or scion itself carries insects, pests will occur as the seedlings are sold everywhere.
4. Difficulties in prevention and control. The pear roundworm itself is more difficult to prevent, and the shell on the back makes it difficult for the agent to penetrate, and the prevention and control effect is relatively poor. Moreover, how much time it is living under the shell, the effective time of prevention and control is very short, generally very ready to predict, often miss the key prevention and control time; there are some fruit farmers on the occurrence of pear roundworm is not enough attention, underestimate its harmfulness, individual occurrence, do not take measures, with the number of insect mouths more and more serious, prevention and control of nature is more and more difficult; and some fruit farmers, single control measures, no comprehensive prevention and control, resulting in poor effect, or insufficient amount of medicine, spraying is not in place, will affect the prevention and control effect, Doesn't kill pests very well.
Grown-up mesozoans
After a brief understanding of the occurrence and harm of pear roundworms, everyone is more concerned about how to effectively prevent and control them. From the above, we can see that the pear roundworm is really "too difficult", and we must be serious and adopt comprehensive control measures in order to reduce the number of insect mouths and reduce the losses caused by the pear roundworm. How?
1. Rational use of drugs. Now it's time to bagging, before bagging, spray thoroughly to kill the mesozoites on the fruit surface and avoid continuing to harm the bagged fruit. It can be controlled by spray spray of 35% Cedan emulsion 1000 times liquid or 40% rapid culling emulsion 1000 times liquid;
In June, spray with 20% phosphorus thiazide emulsion 1000 times liquid or 52.28% farmland music emulsion 2500 times liquid spray;
After picking, use 48% Lesben Emulsion 2500 times liquid or 40% quick culling emulsion 1500 times liquid to eliminate nymphs that are ready to overwinter but have not yet cocooned for wintering. This period is the best period for prevention and control, and we must seize it.
Seize the time, timely medication, reduce losses
In addition, pay attention to the following two stages of medication. Before flowering, overwintering nymphs begin to be active, with 40% speed culling emulsion 1000 times liquid or 52.28% farmland music emulsion 1500 times liquid, control the late occurrence; flowering - young fruit, in order to protect natural enemies, try not to spray, if there is already more, you can use 20% killing phosphorus thiosin emulsion 1000 times liquid control.
It should be noted that for serious occurrence of trees, the focus is on spraying; when spraying, the front and back of the leaves, new shoots, and branches should be sprayed in place to ensure comprehensive prevention and control.
2. Comprehensive insecticide. After the fruit is harvested, the garden is thoroughly cleaned, the leaves are dropped, the fallen fruit is cut off, the branches of diseases and insects are cut off, and the old rough bark is scraped off; all are taken out of the garden for treatment. During the overwintering period, the insect body is manually scraped, and some serious ones are directly cut off; the above tissues are taken out of the garden and burned. Before the nymphs crawl, apply the trunk with sticky shellac solution, which cannot be moved and starves to death or air-dried. Insect branches occur in the field and are completely cut and burned or applied to control reproduction.
Clear the garden thoroughly and scrape off the old coarse skin
3. Protect predators. There are many natural enemies of pear roundworms, probably dozens of species, powerful natural enemies, can eat more than 700 adult insects and nymphs in 1 month, not only green, but also the effect is super high, so we usually pay attention to the protection of natural enemies, in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, the use of pollution-free pesticides, to avoid damaging natural enemies, reduce their number.
Inspection, disinfection of seedlings
4. Strengthen inspection. When purchasing seedlings or scion, it is necessary to carefully check, and you can also thoroughly disinfect before use to ensure that there are no pear roundworms, so as to avoid spreading to your own orchard with the spread and causing greater losses.
Pear roundworm, the number of eggs, fast reproduction, serious harm, and production is difficult to predict, so prevention and control is more difficult. In the prevention and control, we must not only seize the 5 periods of drug prevention and control, but also cooperate with agricultural measures, thoroughly clear the garden, prune the branches, apply pesticides or sticky shellac to comprehensively kill insects, and control the number of insect mouths; in addition, pay attention to protecting natural enemies, using a large number of natural enemies to safely kill more insects. In the prevention and treatment of drugs, in addition to paying attention to a reasonable time, but also pay attention to a reasonable concentration, has been sprayed comprehensively, the front and back of the leaves, branches, all must be sprayed in place, especially in the occurrence of serious trees, must be sprayed comprehensively, while paying attention to avoid harming natural enemies.