Those calligraphers ~ 143
Text/Lu Xiuhui
Zhang Yi has two great teachers. One is called Li Cun and the other is called Qiu Yuan.
Li Cunyin did not try it first, and in a fit of anger, dumen wrote a book. Although Yi Ling, Gun Shou, Zhongcheng Yushi, and others recommended him, he still did not agree and wrote a book to say. He also ran his own academy to give lectures and preach his own set of ideas, which was then called one of the four great Confucians in Jiangdong. I like this gentleman so much, he has a personality and a lot of temperament.
Qiu Yuanzi needless to say, the article poetry calligraphy everyone, at that time of the influence, can be said to be popular.
In the first year of Dade, Zhang Yi was eleven years old. His father was the deputy envoy of the Hangzhou Banknote Treasury, and he also came to Hangzhou with his father. According to the "Jiangxi Tongzhi", "I did not stay in Hangzhou and learned from Mr. Qiu Yuan." ”
The two gentlemen he practiced, one of whom hated the examination room for embarrassing him, wrote a book and said that he eventually became a master of learning. A gentleman who has lost his family and country and is committed to the great feelings of loss of the Guest Dynasty. But these two gentlemen, both wrote very well in poetry, one was good at science and the other was good at literature. Following these two gentlemen, they are embarrassed to let their poetry not be outstanding. Qiu Yuan's generation of calligraphers, if Zhang Yi can't write well, it is as if he has committed a major crime.
At the age of nineteen, Zhang Yi was appointed as the linchuan county school director. Academic records are temporary workers such as teaching assistants and secretaries. However, the biggest benefit of this position is to be able to get to know some people. At this time, he and the eighteen-year-old Kumamoto were the most committed, when the Kumamoto family fell in the middle of the road, not to mention reading, even survival was already difficult, and had to go down to teach.
This mixture lasted for ten years, traveled to many places, did not examine in detail, and at the age of thirty-one, he entered Yin from Linchuan and was reunited with his family. In the meantime, ke Jiusi also recommended him to Emperor Wenzong of Yuan. However, apparently, he has always mixed badly, and the Yuan Shi says that he once lived in seclusion in Yangzhou for a period of time.
In the third year of Taiding, when he was forty years old, he taught for Nanjing Jiqing Road. Goshi goes to their school to check on the meal. Meals are a meal allowance paid by the public to students. The students ate together, good composition and speech games, at this time, someone at the next table came out: "Crown and eat." At that time, there was donkey meat on the table, and Zhang Yi said to him: "Donkey meat is a soup." Yu Shi was a native of Henan, and he was furious and thought that Zhang Yi was satirizing him, so he prepared to arrest Zhang Yi. Someone told Zhang Yi in the school, and Zhang Yi fled to Yangzhou by night and began his evacuation in Yangzhou.
I didn't understand why Yushi was angry until I read a ming dynasty saying a sigh, and I didn't know a little about it. It is said in the "Miscellaneous Records of Shuyuan" that every local person has a nickname: the nickname of the Henan people is "donkey plate intestine", while the nickname of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang people is "salt bean". In the early years of Zhengde, Li Dongyang, a native of Hunan, was the first assistant to the cabinet, and a Henan official gave him a superior league: "Xiao Ri wears the head of the bachelor obliquely." "Hunan people are good at salted fish, so they sneer at it." Li Dongyang responded: "The autumn wind is pouring into Mr. Ear." He secretly deducted a "donkey" and returned it to this Henan colleague.
When Zhang Yi came to Yangzhou, it was Zhang Yi's prime years, and he was famous in the literary world and art forest, and everyone intersected with him. Zhang Yisheng is tall and angry, but he has a very bad habit of walking on one shoulder. Friends gathered and laughed at him in poetry. Han Jieyu Yishiyun: "Weeping willow shade and green eaves, leaning on the red sleeve jade fiber." Mr. dropped his arm on the long street, and the ten-mile Zhu Lou finished the curtain. Everyone in the seat laughed, and Zhang Yi was also extremely happy. Someone said, "Zhongju (Zhang Yizi) looks like a sick crane." One of the gentlemen in the seat disagreed: "You are all wrong, this is a crane that has been drenched by rain, and when the rain is clear, it will soar into the sky." ”
Zhang Yi stayed in Yangzhou Yizhen until he was fifty-four years old, of course, he worked as a scholar in Nanjing, but mainly stayed in Yangzhou. His fellow countryman, Zhongshu Fu Yanqi, recommended him. After Zhang Yi arrived in Dadu, he was initially an assistant teacher for Guozi, and he was born in the division of teaching. That is to say, after staying in Dadu for a few months, he went to Shangdu.
After Zhang Yi entered Beijing, he first taught and then became a historian, and he was the longest historian. Later, he was sent by the imperial court to Yangzhou and Hangzhou to supervise the engraving of the "History of Song" and "History of Jin".
When Zhang Yi was founded, it was when the Yuan Dynasty was in turmoil, and after he finished engraving the "History of Song" and "History of Jin", Liu Futong rebelled in Yingzhou and set the world on fire, and within seventeen years, Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne and the Yuan Shun Emperor fled north. In March, Zhang Yi traveled in a crane immortal; in May, Zhu Yuanzhang was proclaimed emperor and the country was named Daming; in July, the Yuan Shun Emperor went north; on August 2, the Ming army entered the capital. Zhang Yi died before the death of Yuan, otherwise, he would also struggle with the old question of whether to be loyal to the king or to enter the Ming. The strange thing is that the official eunuchs of Yuan Zhiming were hardly blamed for the integrity problem, and the Huayi problem was still very important in the eyes of Chinese. And Zhang Yi's death solved all the things that bothered him. He died of old age, and he died at the age of eighty-two.
Because Zhang Yi was without a queen, his funeral was taken care of by a monk named Da Zhu, and after the funeral, he brought all of Zhang Yi's poems back to Nanjing. In the tenth year of Hongwu, Luling Shamen Beishan Dazhu published a collection of Zhang Yi's poems and asked Zhang Yi's Fang Diplomacy and Zong Shu to write a trek for the "Metamorphosis Collection". Zhang Yi died on the eve of the death of the Yuan Dynasty, and there were no descendants, although the poem manuscript was protected by the Shamen Beishan Dazhu, but the manuscript was mostly lost, and 4 volumes of poems and 2 volumes of words in the "Metamorphosis Collection" are now preserved.
Zhang Yisheng is a northerner, but his heart is like a southerner. He lived in the South for most of his life until he was fifty-four years old, and then returned to the North, spending the rest of his life in Most Capitals. Zhang Yi's life ran through the first and late Yuan Dynasties; he was also the southerner who knew best as a northerner, and he had no geographical restrictions; he did not have the squeamishness of a rich and noble family, nor the wildness of the jianghu atmosphere, and his most was the atmosphere of laughter. His poems, like his calligraphy, have no pavilion atmosphere or arrogance.
In the late Yuan Dynasty, all kinds of internal and external troubles came and went, and people living in them were bound to be affected. Zhang Yi naturally expressed various dissatisfaction with the anti-Yuan uprising, and this complaint was often expressed in his poems. Judging from the mentality that he has been kept away from the system for many years and has not been able to enter his career for a long time, it is also normal. As a royal literati, Zhang Yi must speak from the position of the ruler, which is beyond reproach.
Artistic creation, personality factors play a great role, Zhang Yi is heroic, reflected in calligraphy, is no small family temperament, as the end of the Yuan poetry calligraphy everyone, in his literary talent, he has been classified as a failure party, the new dynasty has just been established, who still knows the last generation of characters? In particular, Jiangnan, which is centered on the style of literature, has long been separated by the flames of war, the north and south have become strange roads, the world is chaotic, and the fate of individuals is often hit by the falling flowers and water of the times.
Zhang Yi (1287~1368) Was a poet of the Yuan Dynasty. Zi Zhongju, a native of Jinning (present-day Linfen, Shanxi).
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