Biography of ancient Chinese celebrities, Tang, Du You

Du You zi Junqing. A native of Wannian County, Jingzhao Province. His father, Du Hope, was a very honest man, and the friends he made were outstanding people at that time. When Du Hoping served as the commander of Anling County, the governor Song Qingli reported to the imperial court on the table, saying that the company hoped to have a unique point in government for the officials. Du hopes to be dismissed for minor negligence.

During the Kaiyuan period, princess Jiaohe married Tuqi Shi, and Emperor Xuanzong ordered Du To hope to be a peace judge and send the princess to the Turks.

Li Yi, the king of Xin'an County, also requested permission for Du Yi to act as the judge of Lingzhou Beichao and Guannei Dao. Du hoped to be recalled to Chang'an from the Dai Prefecture Governor's Mansion. Dealing with border defense, his talent was deeply appreciated by Xuanzong.

At that time, Tubo attacked Bolu, and Bolu requested to be annexed to the Tang Dynasty, and Li Linfu, the right chancellor of Shangshu, had just taken the official post of Longxi Jiedushi envoy, so Du Xiang was appointed as the governor of Yanzhou and acted as the envoy of Longxi Jiedushi.

As soon as the imperial court arrived in Gansu, Du Hopi immediately led an army to break through the Wu mang army, kill more than a thousand people, take advantage of the victory to pursue, capture the new city, and return triumphantly with great military might.

Du hoped to be promoted to Hongxuqing because of his merits. So the Zhenxi Army was set up in the Ningxia area of Gansu Province, and Du Hoped to lead part of the army to garrison the border pass, and the Tubo people were very afraid and wrote a letter to ask for peace.

Du Hoped to reply to Tubo: "Accepting the peace talks is a matter of great importance and is not something I can decide as a subordinate." Tubo again went out to fight with the Tang Dynasty for Tanquan, and Du Xiang led his troops to fight with Tubo dozens of times, and finally captured Tubo's chieftain, directly pounded Momen, burned Tubo's accumulated materials, built a city, and returned from the class. As a result, he was rewarded by two sons who could be conferred on the ranks.

At that time, due to the frequent mobilization of troops to fight, the treasury was empty, and since Du Hope town guarded the border, there was more than enough grain, grass, and money for several years.

Du hopes to love and value articles and poems from his disciples. People like Cui Hao and others were famous scribes at that time.

Du You entered the army as a door shade and began to serve as a military officer in Jinan Province, and then served as a county magistrate in Ji County. Du You once visited Shi Wei Yuanfu in Runzhou, and Wei Yuanfu received him as the son of an old friend, and did not have special courtesy. One day, Wei Yuanfu encountered a suspicious case that was difficult to decide, so he tried to consult Du You, who identified every key point about the case for him. Wei Yuanfu was amazed by his talent and appointed him to serve as a judicial military officer. From then on, whether he was serving in western Zhejiang or Huainan, Wei Yuanfu asked for permission for Du You to serve under him.

In the sixth year of the Gregorian calendar, Wei Yuanfu died, and Du You entered the dynasty as a Gongbu Langzhong, and later served as an envoy to Jianghuai Qingmiao, and was transferred to Rongguan Jingluo.

In the fourteenth year of the Gregorian calendar, Yang Yan assisted the imperial government, and Du You was summoned to Beijing, successively serving as an envoy of Jinbu Langzhong and water and land transport, and later changed to Du Zhi and Li Envoy. Whenever there was a war, Du You had the right to decide on matters such as increasing or decreasing and adjusting the number and frequency of water transport. Du You also did the duzhi thing as a household attendant.

In the early years of jianshe, wars broke out in the Heshuo area, the people were not happy, and the people could not afford to pay rent. Du You believed that there was no better way to solve the shortcomings of the times than to save money, and to save money, it was necessary to reduce officials, so the imperial court demanded reforms. This book was not taken seriously by the imperial court.

In the third year of Jianzhong, Du You offended lu Qi, who hated the social assessment and demoted him to the position of assassin of Suzhou.

The former Suzhou Assassin Was relieved of his post because of the death of his mother, and Du You's mother was still alive, so he used this as an excuse to propose that he did not want to go to Suzhou Prefecture to take up his post, so he changed his appointment to Rao Prefecture Assassin History.

In the first year of Xingyuan, Tang Dezong fled to Xingyuan due to the Jingyuan Mutiny, and Du You was sent to Lingnan as an envoy to Jiedu.

In Lingnan, Du You opened up roads for the local people and evacuated houses and shops to prevent fires. Three generations of people in the Zhuya area relied on natural dangers and disobeyed the rule of the Tang Dynasty, and Du You led his troops to quell them.

Later, the imperial court summoned Du You to return to Beijing to serve as the right minister of Shangshu, and soon ordered him to leave Beijing to serve as an envoy to Huainan Jiedushi, Du You resigned on the grounds that his mother was newly bereaved, but the imperial court issued an edict and did not approve his request.

In the sixteenth year of Zhen Yuan, Xuzhou Jiedu caused Zhang Jianfeng to die of illness, and there was chaos in the army, and after zhang Jianfeng's son Zhang Jianfeng was established to stay, after reporting to the imperial court, Tang Dezong did not approve it, so he appointed Du You as the inspector of Shangshu Zuo and Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi, commanding Xu and Si soldiers to attack Zhang Yan and stabilize Xuzhou.

Du You prepared a warship in the army and sent his general Meng Zhun across the Huai River to attack Xuzhou, but the siege failed, so he had to return with his troops. Commanding troops to fight wars and cope with rapidly changing wars was not Du You's specialty, so Du You stuck to the city and did not dare to advance. The imperial court had no choice but to issue an edict granting Zhang Yan the post of Envoy of Xuzhou Jiedushi, but separated the hao and Si prefectures that originally belonged to the jurisdiction of Xuzhou Jiedushi and subordinated them to the Huainan Jiedushi.

At the beginning, when Du You was in charge of Huainan, he diverted the water of Leipi to expand the irrigation area and open up the wasteland by the sea into farmland, so that Huainan accumulated as many as half a million hu. The army under Du You's jurisdiction was stationed in thirty camps, each of them strong and strong, and there was no one in the surrounding area who was not afraid.

In the nineteenth year of Zhen Yuan, Du You worshiped Xiang and served as the Inspector Sikong and Tong zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi, and served as an envoy to the Taiqing Palace.

In the first year of Yongzhen, Tang Dezong died of illness, and Tang Shunzong succeeded to the throne. Du You entered the position of inspector and served as the iron envoy of the degree branch salt. At that time, Wang Shuwen was appointed as the deputy envoy of Du Zhiyan Iron, Wang Shuwen wanted to depose Prince Mo, hoping that Du You could help him, Du You did not agree, so Wang Shuwen and others planned to expel Du You, but this plan was not implemented, Shunzong died, and Wang Shuwen and others were reprimanded. Du You also recommended Li Xun as his deputy envoy.

Emperor Xianzong of Tang was buried, and Du You took the place of the connoisseur and handed over all the power of Duzhi Salt and Iron to Li Xun. At that time, duzhi made affairs complicated and unorganized. Du You reformed this, assigning the affairs of the camp to the supervision and charcoal affairs to the Sinong Temple, and the affairs of the fishing to the Shaofu, thus reducing the work of the envoys.

The following year, Du You entered the worship of Situ and was made the Duke of Qi.

Later, the party secretly colluded with Tubo to stir up trouble, and many generals in the border defense sought credit and demanded that Tubo be requisitioned. Du You believed that without a good general who ruled the border, taking an offensive approach would actually lead to betrayal by the minorities, so Shangshu said roughly:

Dangxiang is a small nation, living with the people on the border of our dprang, because sometimes the border guards have violated the Dangxiang people too seriously, coveting their good horses and children, forcibly requisitioning and plundering, forcing them to perform hard labor, thus forcing them to defect and colluding with Beidi and Xirong to attack the border defenses of our dynasty.

Guan Zhong said: "The state should not appoint brave men to guard the frontier. This is really the insight of the sages and philosophers. At present, the forces of the border nationalities are strong, but our border defense armament is not yet sufficient, so we should carefully select good generals, let them establish friendship with the border nationalities, prohibit their harsh killing and demands, and show our credibility and sincerity; if a foreign nationality comes to invade the border, we must resolutely resist and severely punish them; after retreating from the invasion, we must be cautious and defensive. They should adopt a policy of gentleness and eliminate their rebellious and conspiratorial plots. Why bother again, in vain, to recruit and consume labor costs?

Xianzong adopted his suggestion.

After more than a year, Du You asked for retirement, but the imperial court did not approve it, and the edict allowed him to go to Zhongshu Province once every three or five days to deal with government affairs. Every time Du You went to the court to see him, Emperor Xianzong respected him very much, and after a few years, Du You insisted on retiring, and Emperor Xianzong had no choice but to agree, still appointing him as Guanglu Doctor and Shou Taibao Zhishi, allowing him to enter the dynasty every first and fifteenth day of the first month.

Emperor Xianzong ordered the eunuchs to give Du You a generous and complete reward.

In the seventh year of Yuan He, Du You died of illness at the age of seventy-eight. The imperial court posthumously awarded Du You the title of Taifu (太傅) and his courtesy name "An Jian (安簡)".

Du You is a good scholar, although he is in a high position, he still often reads until late at night. Du You spent thirty-six years to compile the two hundred volumes of the General Classics, founded a new genre of history compilation, and created a precedent for Chinese historiography.

In the seventeenth year of zhenyuan, Du You presented the Tongdian to Emperor Dezong, who was very happy and praised him in the edict, and the readers at that time were also impressed by the concise and detailed preparation of the Tongdian.