■ Qianlong Tongbao back dragon phoenix palace money (front, back)
■ Qianlong Tongbao back "World Peace" palace money (front, back)
■ Qianlong Tongbao back "longevity without borders" Zhushou Palace money (positive, back)
■ Qianlong Tongbao back dragon phoenix pattern large palace money (front, back)
■ Jiaqing Wannian back "Ten Perfect Old Man" Zhushou Palace Money (front, back)
■ Jiaqing Wannian back "Shoufu Kangning" (front, back)
■ Jiaqing Wannian back "Guotai Min'an" Zhushou Palace money (positive, back)
■ Jiaqing Tongbao back "World Peace" palace money (front, back)
■ Xianfeng Tongbao back bagua figure on the beam money (front, back)
■ Xianfeng Tongbao back "World Peace" palace money (front, back)
Palace money, as the name suggests, is the coin used by the royal court. The development of palace money in the Qing Dynasty reached its peak, and its variety and quantity far exceeded that of other dynasties. From the point of view of use, including the inner court money, decoration, reward, beam, falling tent, hanging lamp, etc., its production process has reached an unprecedented height, which can be described as fine copper, exquisite skills, exquisite calligraphy, exquisite patterns. Therefore, the Qing Dynasty palace money with its special historical significance and high ornamental value and collection value, or into a popular variety of coin collection enthusiasts.
■ Collection Weekly reporter Liang Zhiqin/Finishing
The front era number and the back of the "World Peace" are the most classic
Most of the palace money in the Qing Dynasty was minted by the official furnace of the Baoyuan Bureau. Among these palace money, the front is the year number Qianwen, and the back is the "World Peace", which is the most classic one, which has become the falling money in the lower corner of the curtain of the Fengxian Hall in the palace, and is also the leading variety in the Qing Dynasty series of palace money. Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng, Tongzhi, Guangxu, and Xuantong are all seen, and the surviving ones are the most Daoguang and Xianfeng, and the xuantong is the least.
The Qing Dynasty numismatist Bao Kang said in his "Catalogue of Great Coins": "The four corners of each piece used in the Fengxian Hall fell on this coin, and when the saints were listed, it was easier to create a new yuan mint." This means that this kind of money is dropped in the lower corner of the curtain in the Fengxian Hall, and whenever the old emperor dies and the new emperor takes the throne, the new money is recast and replaced with the old money. Since the coin has a certain weight, falling it in the lower corner of the curtain can play a role in pressing. In the exhibition of the Forbidden City's "Hedge Pavilion" about life in Puyi's palace, there is an exhibit that is the original of the money of the Fallen Palace, and it can be seen that the use of the big money of the Fengxian Hall is roughly the same.
During the Qianlong period, the Zhushou Palace had a lot of money
The year number Qian Wen back bagua pattern, are all Shangliang money, there are Four kinds of Daoguang Tongbao, Xianfeng Tongbao, Tongzhi Tongbao, and Guangxu Tongbao. According to the "Catalogue of Big Money", "The curtain is made of gossip. Case: Whenever the mushroom is repaired, the treasure (box) is placed on the beam of each palace, and the money is stored in the middle. "Bagua each gua yao represents a certain thing, qian represents heaven, kun represents earth, earthquake represents thunder, Xun represents wind, kan represents water, departure represents fire, Gen represents mountain, and Hui represents Ze."
In ancient times, it was thought that the placement of gossip money on the beams of the house had the function of enriching wealth, eliminating diseases and evil spirits, and driving out evil spirits.
Some other Qing Dynasty palace money was minted for celebrations, and during the Qianlong period, the palace money with dragon and phoenix patterns on the back was cast, and there were two types of large and small layouts. In traditional Chinese concepts, the dragon and the phoenix represent auspiciousness, and the dragon and phoenix are used together to indicate festive things. The Qianlong Emperor, who died at the age of 89 and was the longest-lived emperor in Chinese history, believed that the Qing Empire's "righteousness of the country, the expansion of the territory, the universality of submission, and the peace of the people" were all his own merits, so he was proud of his pride, boasted of "ten perfect martial arts", and called himself "the ten perfect old men". In the forty-fifth year of Qianlong (1780), on the 70th birthday of the Qianlong Emperor, Peng Yuanrui, the Shangshu of the Ministry of Works, wrote a recital entitled "Nine Odes to ancient rarity", which quoted the great Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu's poem "Seventy Ancient Rares in Life", praising the Qianlong Emperor as "Ancient Rare Heavenly Son", which the Qianlong Emperor admired very much and called himself "Ancient Rare Heavenly Son". Therefore, the Zhushou Palace in the Qianlong period had a lot of money, including "long life without boundaries", "ten thousand years of heavenly son", "fushou with the same day" and so on.
After Qianlong abdicated, he served as Emperor Taishang for another three years, and "the important affairs of the military state are still played, and the precepts are judged, and major matters are lowered." The Imperial Palace Shi Xian Shu uses the Qianlong era name. In addition to "Honoring Emperor Gaozong Taishang", the Jiaqing Emperor also listened to his "discipline" day and night until "Emperor Taishang collapsed and Shang shi was pro-government." There is a kind of Jiaqing Wannian back "Ten Quan Old Man" and other Auspicious Zhushou Palace money, which was specially minted for the Taishang Emperor Qianlong in the early years of Jiaqing. Jiaqing wannian has many memorizations, including "Fushou", "Fushou Shuangquan", "Shoufu Kangning", "Descendants of 100 Billion", "Chonghua Xiedi", "Guotai Min'an" and so on. There is a kind of wide-edged Jiaqing Tongbao back "Heavenly Son Ten Thousand Years", which also belongs to this kind of palace money.
Later, there were Daoguang Wannian and Xianfeng Wannian Palace Money, which obviously also belonged to the Jiyu Zhushou Palace Money. The pictures on the back of Daoguang Wannian are (Ruyi) "auspicious", (auspicious) "Youyu", (Fushou) "Double Complete", etc., and replace the text with ruyi, halberd, chime, bat, shou peach and other patterns, which can be described as unique. During the Xianfeng period (1851-1861), the foreign insults deepened, coupled with the Taiping Rebellion, and the Qing Dynasty was in turmoil; At this time, casting a Feng Wannian back "Great Qing Unification" and ChengFeng TongBao back "unifying the world" is just a bluff.
"Longevity without boundaries" back "Daya" wish shou palace money
The money is large and thick, and the copper is also fine
During the Tongzhi and Guangxu periods, there were palace money such as the Tongzhi Tongbao Back Seal Book "Long Life and Wealth", the Guangxu Tongbao Back "Ten Thousand Years of the Son of Heaven", and the Guangxu Tongbao Back Spinning Reading "Fulu Caishou". Guangxu Tongbao's back is "Shengshou Boundless", and the front back has a dragon and phoenix pattern; The word "sheng" refers to the Empress Dowager Cixi, so the palace money was obviously not minted for the Guangxu Emperor, but for Empress Dowager Cixi. According to the "Qing History Manuscript Muzong Benji", "In September, the empress dowager's emblem was Ci'an, and the empress dowager's emblem was Cixi." It can be seen from this that although Empress Dowager Cixi already held the highest power at that time, the Zhushou Palace money still needed to use the Guangxu era name, and its specifications could not exceed the feudal etiquette system.
"Longevity without boundaries" back "Daya" Zhushou Palace money, this money is large and heavy, and the copper is also fine. "Daya" is the name of the qing cixi empress dowager's study, this big money is the 60th birthday celebration palace money of Cixi, specially minted by the Baoyuan Bureau, and is the only imperial empress dowager name money that can be examined in the Qing Dynasty palace money. The same regulation of large-scale palace money also has Guangxu Tongbao back Manchu "Baoyuan". These two kinds of large money, large and heavy, exquisitely cast, have weighed more than the heaviest money known to the Qing Dynasty. In addition, the Guangxu Tongbao back double dragon pattern large palace money, although the shape is slightly smaller, but the degree of exquisiteness is more than enough, the two dragons are arranged up and down, the upper is the descending dragon, the lower is the ascending dragon, showing a lively and vivid momentum. This kind of large money is the palace money used in the palace, which is quite a royal atmosphere and is very precious.
Most of the content that appears on the qing dynasty palace money is in Ji language
Most of the contents on the qing dynasty palace money are auspicious, such as "auspicious ruyi" back "longevity without boundaries", and the selected money script is also quite exquisite, generally using strict calligraphy to reflect the dignity and majesty of the royal family. In the late Qing Dynasty, a type of seal book with special meaning appeared, such as the "Fushou Kangning" single-sided seal book large palace money; The double-sided seal book is extremely rare, such as "long life and wealth" carrying "Fushou" and other small and medium-sized palace money. In short, the palace money of the seal script is very rare, and its level and grade are higher than the palace money in the italic style, which can be described as a fine product.
(The original text is selected from the 349th issue of 2018.07 "Collection", "Qing Dynasty Palace Money", Shen Fei)