Pictured: Farmers in Tuanshan Temple Town, Shishou City, herd ducks in rice paddies.
Pictured: Fishing light complements, crayfish are farmed under photovoltaics.
The cool evening breeze brings the sound of cicadas in the distance. The smell of rice filled the fields, and the frogs kept calling, as if they were talking about a harvest year.
The scene described in Xin Zhiyi's "Xijiang Yue Nocturnal Huangsha Road" that "the rice flowers are fragrant and say that the harvest is good, and the sound of frogs is heard" is just like the image in front of you.
In the middle of summer, the reporter walked into the town of Tuanshan Temple in Shishou City, where frogs and ducks coexisted and grew in the fields, full of vitality; colorful rice waves swayed with the wind, the lakes and mountains were colorful, and the chickens and dogs smelled each other, which made people feel relaxed and pleasant.
Looking at the harvest scene, Li Xinshu, a 76-year-old man in the 6th group of Chang'an Village, closed his mouth with joy. As usual, he opened the duck cage on the embankment and herded a flock of ducks into the field where the regenerated rice was planted, and behind him there was the fluttering of the ducks and the sound of frogs. Then go back to the door and chat with the neighbors. This old farmer, in the past year, has become familiar with a word: "duck frog rice".
Nowadays, in the Jianghan Plain, many people know that "shrimp and rice" is continuously cultivated, while "duck frog rice" is still little known. However, in the villages of Tuanshan Temple in Shishou City, such as Guomailing, Chang'an and Niutoushan, it is already known to women and children, and has borne fruit.
Ducks weed frogs catch pests
Tuanshan Temple Town has a variety of landforms, including lakes, rivers, hills, terraces, plains, rice fields, drylands, woodlands, tidal flats, etc., and the ecological conditions are excellent. In the development of ecological agriculture and environmental protection construction, Tuanshan Temple Town has taken back all 8 lakes registered in the town from the right to contract management, and the phenomenon of fattening and fish farming has been completely curbed, which has greatly improved the quality of the water environment.
The good ecological conditions have attracted the attention of the green development research team of the Development Research Center of the State Council: the quality of the lake water has improved, forming a pollution-free water source, which provides a guarantee for the growth of aquatic (amphibian) animals such as frogs. In November and December 2015, the green development research team of the Development Research Center of the State Council visited Shishou City twice for field research and evaluation, and finally selected a closed area of about 28 square kilometers around Qinke Lake of Tuanshan Temple, which was listed as a green development demonstration area of Tuanshan Temple Town.
According to the suggestions of the expert team, the construction of the green development demonstration zone adopts the PPP corporatized operation mode, and the Shishou Municipal Government signs a cooperation agreement with companies from Hong Kong and Guangzhou to jointly inject capital to establish a joint-stock company, which is specifically responsible for the construction and management of the Tuanshan Temple Green Development Demonstration Zone.
In 2016, during the construction of the entire duck frog rice base, the Sisheng Grain Cooperative and the Changsheng Rice Planting Professional Cooperative worked together to drive more than 170 of the 315 households in Chang'an Village (including 27 poor households) to plant 2,000 mu of duck frog regenerated rice; 128 of the 353 households in Guomailing Village (including 18 poor households) to plant 1,850 mu of colorful duck frog rice.
Li Xinshu believes that the biggest benefit of duck frog rice is that it saves labor, labor and investment. Li Xinshu's family has 6.3 acres of paddy fields, which were promoted by two acres last year, and this year all use duck frog rice co-cultivation technology.
Yan Bin, the founder of the Sisheng Grain Planting Professional Cooperative, planted 1,200 mu of multicolored duck frog rice, all of which were selected from traditional conventional rice such as purple fragrant rice, purple glutinous rice, red rice rice, black rice rice, Yu Chi, and Yu Zhenxiang. A week after the rice was transplanted, he said, the ducks were put into the field, and there were about 15 to 20 ducks per acre. Ducks are free to hunt for insects and graze in the field, and basically do not need to feed additionally. In the process of foraging, the ducks can also play the role of living mud, water retention and healthy seedlings, instead of artificial weeding.
Ducks mainly eat weeds that eat rice fields, and although they can also eat some pests, they cannot fundamentally solve the problem of insect pests. Frogs are expert insect catchers, and a frog can prey on seven or eight hundred pests a day. Yan Bin said that the duck replaced the artificial weeding, and the insect control was "handed over" to the frog. A 20-acre frog breeding pond has been built in the village, and when it is time to prevent insects, it is concentrated by the village.
Li Youbin, a cadre of Tuanshan Temple Town, told reporters that only relying on frogs to remove insects, there will still be some local insect pests, so in the actual production process, they are supplemented by biological control plus surrounding supporting construction of sexual attractants, solar insecticidal lamps and other measures to continue to escort the growth of duck frog rice.
Solar insecticidal lamps these facilities are all one-time investment in construction, funded by the town, and installed. Including frog breeding and stocking, they are provided to villagers free of charge. There are no chemical fertilizers and pesticide inputs in the field throughout the year, and green cultivation is truly realized.
Duck frog rice symbiosis cycle, the production of raw agricultural products, get rich returns. At the 13th Wuhan Agricultural Expo last year, the colorful rice produced by the Sisheng Grain Planting Professional Cooperative was 30 yuan per kilogram, and the recycled rice was 8 yuan per kilogram, which was still in short supply.
Eliminate pesticides and prohibit the application of chemical fertilizers
Zhang Daozhong, secretary of the party committee of Tuanshan Temple Town, said that when pesticides are not widely used, frogs are the most important way to deworm crops such as rice. However, due to historical reasons, pesticides and fertilizers are widely used, and now frogs are rarely seen in rice fields, and the natural link of frogs eating insects is missing, and more pesticides need to be applied in agricultural production, so a vicious circle has been formed.
This in turn has led to fewer and fewer frogs, and even the rice field frogs have disappeared.
The town is determined to unify the 8 registered lakes such as Gudang Lake, Qinke Lake, and Pig Lai Lake to recover the right to contract management, and the town government has introduced measures to protect water quality, and all lakes in the area are not allowed to be fattened and raised fish, and once found, heavy penalties are given, which completely curbs the phenomenon of fattening and fish farming. Water quality continues to improve, solving the irrigation problem of the first water source, and then through 24-hour video surveillance, the use of pesticides and fertilizers is strictly eliminated, which creates conditions for the growth of ducks and frogs.
In addition, the choice of duck breeds is also exquisite. In order to avoid ducks eating seedlings and pressing seedlings, smaller varieties are mainly cultivated. Generally choose a hybrid breed of wild duck and domestic duck, or choose a duck breed of suitable size according to the actual situation.
Zhang Daozhong said that ducks like to eat plants other than grasses and floating weeds on the surface, but sometimes they also eat young grasses. At the same time, during the activity of the duck in the rice field, its mouth and feet can also play a role in weeding, so it can remove weeds in the rice field relatively cleanly.
Ducks also like to eat insects and aquatic small animals, and can basically eliminate pests such as rice planthoppers, rice bugs, rice elephant beetles, and rice longitudinal leaf borers in rice fields.
In addition, during the co-cultivation period of rice and duck, a duck excretes about 10 kg of manure in the rice field, which is equivalent to: 47 grams of nitrogen, 70 grams of phosphorus, and 31 grams of potassium. 1 duck is stocked every 50 square meters, and the excretion of manure is enough to fertilize the rice field.
At the same time, the ducks are constantly moving and swimming in the rice fields, producing a muddying effect of medium cultivation. The stirring of water makes the oxygen in the air easier to dissolve in the water and promotes the growth of rice; the stirring of the soil produces a muddying effect, which will inhibit the germination of weeds. Ducks are constantly moving between rice plants, and the duck's beak is looking for food on the rice plant, which can promote plant opening and tillering, prompting the rice plant to develop into a short and strong fan-shaped healthy plant type, increasing the ability to resist strong winds.
In order to avoid ducks eating rice ears, when rice begins to be harvested from the rice field, the ducks are harvested in time. Zhang Daozhong introduced that the ducks growing in the rice fields, eating grass and insects, grow naturally, are very popular in the city, and they plan to open two sales stores in Wuhan.
The Tuanshan model has attracted international attention
In the field of the Sisheng Grain Planting Professional Cooperative, Yan Bin spelled out the pattern of "multicolored duck frog rice" in the field. On the mounds, there are grass huts with spires. That is the duck house, and as the harvest is about to begin, ducks growing with rice will also enter the market.
On the basis of more than 3,000 mu last year, Tuanshan Temple is expected to produce 4,800 tons of duck frog regenerated rice and colorful rice this year, sell 25,000 hemp ducks, generate income of 11.3 million yuan, and drive more than 850 surrounding farmers to employment, especially more than 60 poor households out of poverty.
Duck frog rice co-cultivation has changed the way of production and labor, improved the lives of villagers, and further changed the rural ecology and living environment, winning the praise of tourists and foreign guests from all over the world.
In 2016, GudangHu Ecological Farm hosted the International Symposium on "Green Development and Global Implications in China's Underdeveloped Areas", and more than 30 scholars from the United States, Germany, Switzerland, France, the Netherlands, Nepal and other countries, as well as the Development Research Center of the State Council, Peking University, Tsinghua University, Chinese Min University, Beijing Institute of Technology and other institutions, held an international academic seminar. From June 20 to 23 and July 10 to 13 this year, 38 foreign officials from Ethiopia, Congo, Nepal and other foreign officials from the Ministry of Commerce's Training College and the Master's and Doctoral Classes of Peking University's South-South College went to Tuanshan Temple Town to investigate and visit to understand the concept, ideas and specific ideas of the green demonstration of Tuanshan Temple.
Today's Tuanshan Temple Town is like a beautiful big garden. These foreign friends also stayed in the farmsteads transformed by using idle houses, and came into contact with the real rural culture in the homestay, feeling the enthusiasm and simplicity of the villagers.
Liu Zhongzhong, secretary of the Shishou Municipal Party Committee, introduced that Shishou is making every effort to build a riverside industrial city, an eco-tourism city, and a modern logistics city. The creation of the green development demonstration zone in Tuanshan Temple Town has provided a successful model for green development for the traditional agricultural areas in the central region and echoed the expectations of the masses for ecological and environmentally friendly life.
After more than a year of demonstration and creation, the "Tuanshan model" working mechanism of green development has been formed, the platform has been built, and the construction of 10 green sections has been carried out one after another, and the results have begun to appear, and will be promoted to a wider range in Shishou City in the future. (Text/Photo Reporter Zhang Ouya Correspondent Zhou Jun Tian Xiaoyan)
Comments
Promote duck frog rice
Tuanshan Temple's "duck frog rice" co-cropping integrates the traditional rice-duck co-cropping, frog-rice co-cropping mode, and the modern promotion of "green (fertilizer) - rice - re -- re (raw rice)" and other green and efficient planting modes, and supporting the selection of high-grade high-quality rice varieties and sexual attractants, solar insecticidal lamp physical control measures, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and achieving the good effect of "one water multi-purpose, one field more harvest, grain and poultry win-win".
It is recommended to promote this comprehensive rice cultivation model in areas where conditions permit in our province, improve the quality of agricultural products such as rice in Hubei, and promote the structural reform of the agricultural supply side.
——Cheng Jianping, researcher of the Institute of Grain Crops of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences and rice expert
Ridge up
Fishery light complementary Agricultural light complementary Forest light complementary
The "Three Wastelands" were transformed into three-dimensional agricultural parks
Yang Shifu sat on a small raft in a pond of more than 20 acres, paddled to the bottom of the photovoltaic panels supported by cement columns and lowered the cage to catch crayfish. "It's called ecstasy, and we put pig sewage, chicken intestines, bacon skins, pumpkin skins, and watermelon peels as bait, and at night the shrimp can't get out of the cage. You can catch more than a dozen pounds in one night, or even dozens of pounds. ”
On the 23rd, the reporter saw the scene of catching crayfish.
Yang Shifu is a 60-year-old villager in Quanshui Village, Changling Town, Guangshui. After Hubei Zisheng Agricultural Development Company invested in the village, he became a temporary employee of the company, raising shrimp, catching shrimp, planting trees, plus miscellaneous work, earning 80 yuan a day, and earning more than 3,000 yuan since April.
Liu Xianghong, the head of the company, told reporters that last year he turned this swamp field full of reeds and weeds into a pond, installed guardrails around the perimeter, planted trees, built pavilions, and beautified the environment; underwater breeding of crayfish; cement pillars were supported in the water, and photovoltaic panels were installed on the water to generate electricity. It's starting to pay off. "The seedlings were dropped in March and harvested at the end of June, and the crayfish have sold for 2,000 kilograms. This year's market is hot, the average price is sold to 25 yuan a catty, and the income has been more than 100,000 yuan. ”
Rows of photovoltaic panels on the pond are also very profitable. In the second half of last year, 280 kilowatts of grid-connected power generation were completed, and the gross income of power generation is expected to be about 280,000 yuan by the end of this year.
This is the new model of fishery-light complementary aquaculture summarized by Liu Xianghong. "Will water photovoltaic power generation not affect underwater aquaculture?" The reporter wondered. "No," said Liu Xianghong, a yin-loving animal, "still making holes in the water." "This business model not only saves land, but also improves revenue, solves the problem of photovoltaic panel sales, realizes industrial integration, and helps local farmers get rid of poverty and become rich."
Liu Xianghong, who was originally the boss of the production of photovoltaic panels, has now turned to ecological agriculture, naturally combining the two. He calculated an account for the reporter: this kind of deserted cold soaked field is used for farming, and the maximum net income of one mu is only 1,000 yuan. He transferred to the three-dimensional development, the net income of crayfish farming mu was 4,000 yuan, and the net income of photovoltaic power generation mu was 2,000 yuan, and the income increased by 5 times.
In Quanshui Village, Liu Xianghong implemented the complementarity of fishing and light while also engaging in agricultural light complementarity. We followed him into the newly built linkage greenhouse, the hot summer day, it was actually cold, and the greenhouse was very hot. It turned out that photovoltaic panels were installed on the roof of the greenhouse, and the sunlight heat was converted into electricity.
He said that photovoltaic greenhouses are suitable for growing yin-loving vegetables, while the usual greenhouses are suitable for light-loving and heat-loving vegetables. His company is currently building 30 acres of photovoltaic greenhouses and more than 100 acres of ordinary greenhouses in the village, mainly growing out-of-season vegetables and valuable crops, such as the local "three whites": white eggplant, white cucumbers and white cabbage. These vegetable greenhouses are produced at full capacity, with an annual net income of more than 1.5 million yuan.
He also leased part of the greenhouse to a seedling company to cultivate and breed precious seedlings, such as American red maple, ziwei, cherry, etc., which he called Lin Guang Complementary.
1,000 acres of pond weirs, wasteland, barren slopes, through the complementarity of fishing light, agricultural light and forest light complementarity, scientific comprehensive utilization, can achieve an annual income of more than 5 million yuan. It's not easy! (Reporter Liu Zixian Correspondent Li Mingqing Zhu Xuebin)
This manuscript is an extended reading content, and the source of the manuscript is: Hubei Daily. If you find political, factual, technical errors and copyright problems and bad information, please contact us in time and provide corrective information for the manuscript.