Emperor Mu of Jin (dān) (343–361), courtesy name Pengzi, was the fifth monarch of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the son of Sima Yue, emperor of Jin Kang, and the mother of Chu Garlic. When Sima Yue died in 344, Sima Yan took the throne at the age of 2, but due to his young age, he was led by his mother Empress Dowager Chu Andizi, assisted by He Chong. After He Chong's death, he was assisted by Cai Mo and Sima Yu. During Sima Nie's reign, although the Northern Expedition of the Eastern Jin Dynasty failed, due to Huan Wen's elimination of the Chenghan state in Sichuan and the recapture of Luoyang in 356, although it was soon retreated due to the lack of grain transportation, the territory of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was still expanded. In 361, Sima Tan died, reigned for 17 years, and died of illness at the age of 19. Emperor Mu (宗帝穆), temple name: Sejong, was buried in Yongping Mausoleum (present-day Shannan, a shogunate northwest of Jiangning County, Jiangsu Province).
Because of the early death of Emperor Kang of Jin, the two-year-old young son Sima Nie succeeded to the throne for Emperor Mu of Jin, and Chu Muzi was promoted to empress dowager, because Emperor Mu of Jin was too young to take charge of state affairs, so at the request of the courtiers, Chu Garlic Zi temporarily listened to the government, and Chu Garlic Zi held the young Emperor Mu of Jin sitting on the throne, and a white beaded curtain was hung in front of him to listen to the ministers play state affairs.
The Book of Jin does not say that Sima Tan had any bad habits, nor does it say that there were any precursors before the emperor died, and the emperor said that when he died, he died. The fact that the history books of gossip do not talk about gossip, coupled with the fact that this incident occurred in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, when the political struggle was very fierce, is even more strange.
In the first year of his new reign, Huan Wen made a concert to propose that the central government move back to the old capital Luoyang, which had just been recovered by Huan Wen. Luoyang at this time has long become a tug-of-war zone between the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the northern countries, one moment belongs to you, the other belongs to me, after several slaughters of the city, all things have long been depressed, the people are scattered, at this time to move the capital Luoyang, it is extremely inappropriate, after all, the capital is not the general's Chinese military tent, where to fight, where to camp. If the capital move is successful, the entire central government will rely on Huan Wen's military protection, and the dynasty will be subject to the Huan family. But no one in the court dared to raise objections. Although Wang Shu explained the reason for agreeing to move the capital, this reason was too irresponsible to be accurate after all.
The death of the emperor and the relocation of Huan Wen to the capital, the two things seem to have nothing to do with each other, but they are linked, and the significance is more. We can boldly assume, carefully verify, and see how Sima Tan died:
The first possibility is that Huan Wen made his hands and feet, which is very unlikely. Although Huan Wen was the son-in-law of the previous emperor, his power had not yet reached the center, let alone the palace. Moreover, Huan Wen, as a vested interest, changed the emperor and re-washed the situation of the KOREAN and Chinese forces, which was not good for him.
The second possibility is a coup d'état of the imperial court, which is slightly more likely. The seventeen years of the reign of the little emperor coincided with the golden period of the rise of Huan Wen's power, and the emperor could not be unaffected by Huan Wen; on the other hand, the emperor's independent rule was equivalent to reducing the power of the courtiers. But this reason also does not make sense, because if the courtiers really have this thought, there is no need to appoint a 20-year-old Sima Pi to succeed him, and it is easier to simply set up a two-year-old little prince.
The third possibility is more complicated. Experienced people know that the minister asked the emperor to make a decision, the chapter is actually a formality, it must need prior communication, Huan Wen's initiative is actually to touch the new emperor's bottom card, to embarrass the new emperor.
First, if it is Huan Wen who does it, then with his personality, he will not make a motion at once, as if he wishes the former emperor to die early. Second, Huan Wen's motion so early on shows that he has no confidence in the new emperor, and he also has some gossip about the death of the former emperor, and those who support the new emperor are generally inseparable from the death of the former emperor, so if anyone dares to openly oppose Huan Wen, then he can use the topic to play a role, pursue Sima Yan's death, and even "Qing Jun's side" (later, this emperor did not last long, and was indeed deposed by Huan Wen).