In the history of our country, there have been some famous hermits in all dynasties. However, among these hermits, those who originally intend to be hermits are particularly rare and almost none. It was because of the twists and turns in his career that Huai Cai did not meet, and after touching many nails, he made up his mind to go into hiding.
Even Tao Yuanming, the most famous and the most famous in the hermit circle, was also trying to make a career at the beginning. As for those who swore to go into hiding, but as soon as they heard that the emperor gave the official hat, they could not be counted, and Li Bai was a typical representative of this kind of fake hermit.
However, even so, it is not that there is no original intention to become a hermit, and there is such a person in the Northern Song Dynasty. His poems were particularly well written, and at the time, they had a great influence, but the influence in later generations was so small that many people did not know the poet.
But when it comes to the people he interacts with, we are all very familiar with him, such as Kou Zhun, who has been in phase twice, and has a particularly good relationship with him, and Wang Dan, who was also the prime minister, is also a good friend with him.
Was it because he didn't dare to take the imperial examination or didn't have any other opportunities to become an official? He really didn't want to be an official, and usually lived in a grass hut shaded by green trees, playing the piano and singing, and chanting poetry loudly. Sometimes I go out to get together with friends, drink a little wine, brag and write poetry.
His fame at that time was so great that the poetry collection "Caotang Collection" spread to foreign countries. For example, khitan emissaries came to the Great Song Dynasty and specifically asked the Emperor of the Great Song for the next episode, saying that in the Khitan only bought the upper part of the "Caotang Collection", and could not buy the next set, so the emperor asked the emperor to help.
It was the time of Emperor Zhenzong, and Zhenzong was really happy to hear the words of the Khitan emissaries. The influence of my poetry collection of Great Song Poets is so great that it gives me a long face. Therefore, Song Zhenzong sent poets to the imperial court to become officials.
Such an opportunity, whoever puts it on his head will be very happy, without exams and without the recommendation of others, he will be promoted from the common people to the central government as civil servants, and this glorious status is not the same.
However, he was a real hermit, resolutely refusing to do anything, saying to Song Zhenzong, "The nature of an elk, but a madness, how can you look at the temple." What it means is that he is wild and is not suitable for being an official. Song Zhenzong really wanted him to become an official, and after repeatedly asking the local officials to persuade him, he just wouldn't do it, saying that he would not be an official when he died.
The emperor of the Song Dynasty was more enlightened, unlike Zhu Yuanzhang's virtue, let you do it, if you don't do it, you can't do it, and you will be knocked out. The emperors of the Song Dynasty were not like this, Wang Anshi resigned more than twenty times before and after, and the emperor could not do anything with him.
Judging from this incident, he was indeed a real hermit. He also deals with officials, usually officials come to his grass hall, and by the way bring a few prostitutes over, entertainment, this he does not object. They sang and danced together, drank, drank and wrote poems, and they were indeed happy like gods.
It is said that a hermit will naturally have no impact on the officialdom. However, his poetry could affect the officialdom at that time.
He had a friend named Liu Wei, whose name was a cold character, and I gave him a pronunciation of chēng. He was a petty officer, and the Shaanxi judiciary joined the army. To be honest and honest is to be a good official. As for him, he likes to make friends with good officials, and those with bad reputations will not associate with them.
This Liu Wei was later deposed, so poor that he could not even pay for the way home, so he had to sell his horse, buy a skinny donkey, and prepare to leave. When the hermit knew about it, he was moved and wrote a poem to send him off. The poem reads:
Shangguan is mostly sighing and has to pack more than enough for the line. Only Gantang Liu Fa tuan, when he came, rode a horse to ride a donkey.
- "Send Liu Fa Cao Dong Gui"
This poem does not need to be explained, everyone understands poetry. To tell the truth, this poem was written in general, but he was very famous at that time, and it was transmitted to Song Zhenzong. The emperor read the poem, ah, and was also moved. The emperor is not the same as the ordinary person, and as soon as the emperor is moved, he gives the official hat. That's it. Liu Wei was transferred from an aide who was not of the rank to the capital, and later became a six-pin official.
The hermit himself was not an official, and he repeatedly persuaded others to resign, and when the famous Kou Zhun became the second time, he urged him to resign.
Kou Zhun was of course more famous at that time, and the Alliance of Yuanyuan was his big hand. During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Song, he attached great importance to Kou Zhun and worshipped him as a counselor to the governor of government affairs, that is, he entered the cabinet as a minister. When he arrived at Song Zhenzong, he was framed by the adulterers and demoted to Shaanzhou.
Shaanzhou was the hermit's hermitage, and Kou Zhun had already heard about him, so he visited his grass hall, came and went, and valued each other, and the two were not literati who despised each other, but felt sorry for each other, and became good friends without saying anything.
The hermit once wrote two poems praising Kou Zhun: "There are officials living in dingnai, and there is no land to rise from the platform." The officials did so big, but there was no land to build tall buildings. It's also too incorruptible. Historically, Kou Zhun was known as "No Building and Terrace Xianggong", which came from here.
Later, the imperial court used Kou Zhun as a phase for the second time, and Kou Zhun came to the caotang to inform the news, and he immediately wrote two poems to persuade Kou Zhun: "Go to heaven and resign the general, and return to the flat earth to be a god." "This poem is well written and very powerful. However, Kou Zhun liked to be an official, and naturally would not listen, so he took up his post.
As a result, in less than two years, he was framed by Ding Zhi and relegated to the desolate land of Leizhou, where he died and wailed.
In addition to Kou Zhun, Wang Dan was in office as chancellor, and the hermit also wrote poems to persuade him to resign.
At that time, Emperor Zhenzong of Song was so happy that he carried out a grand sacrifice activity, and Wang Dan served as the prime minister and served as the commander-in-chief of the sacrifice. This activity is very pompous, costs a lot of money, and the people are talking about it. After the sacrifice, the hermit wrote a letter to Wang Dan, which was a poem:
The Holy Pilgrim is born every year, and the Duke is in the twelfth autumn of the Book of China. The West and the East are all sealed, so they can accompany the Akamatsu Tour.
The prime minister has been doing it for a long time, the sacrifice activities have passed, you should retreat from the rapids and spend a few days for yourself.
Wang Dan read this poem, thought a lot, and felt that the hermit's words were reasonable, so he submitted his resignation to the imperial court, told the old man to return to his hometown, obtained approval, and was happy in his old age.
The hermit was resolutely not an official, so his reputation was particularly good, and his fame was getting bigger and bigger. Zhenzong liked such talents very much, but people just didn't deserve this official, and there was no good way.
At the age of 60, the hermit died of ineffective medical treatment. The magistrate hurriedly reported to the imperial court, and this great reputation was different, no official and no position, and when he died, he had to report to the central government. In today's parlance, he belongs to the social elite.
When Emperor Zhenzong of Song heard the bad news, he was very sad, and he gave him the honorific title of "Shaanzhou Virgin" and posthumously awarded him the title of Secretary of the Provincial Writers. Secretary Provincial Writer Lang This is an official name. A hermit who was determined not to be an official all his life became an official after his death. Song Zhenzong must have said in his heart: "When you were alive, you were disobedient and improper, and when you died, I saw that you were not right." ”
The hermit was born in 960 and died in 1020 at the age of 60. This is a real hermit, and the people of the Great Song Dynasty respect him very much, and indeed, he is also worthy of respect.
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