Li Shizeng: One of the four elders of the Kuomintang

Author: Zhu Bin, a native of Gaoyang County, Baoding City, Hebei Province, from The Ancient Yan Zhao more Than Yingjie, the Gaoyang Li Shi Zeng family from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty A total of 37 wenwu people and 12 jinshi. Three Prime Ministers. Li Shizeng (1881~1973), name Li Yuying, character Shi Zeng. His father, Li Hongzao, was a jinshi of the Xianfeng dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, a great scholar, and a teacher of the Tongzhi Emperor. During the Xianfeng Emperor, the Tongzhi Emperor, the Guangxu Emperor, and during the Three Dynasties, he successively served as a soldier, a bureaucrat, a ceremonial department, a punishment department, a tonbu, and a gongbu shangshu (equivalent minister). Minister of Military Aircraft, Minister of the Prime Minister. Li is the leader of the Qing school. In 1902, Li Shi went to France as an attaché of Sun Baoqi, the minister in France, and entered the Mundatino Agronomia in Paris to study agriculture, and later entered the Pasteur College and the University of Paris to study biology. He focused on soybeans and edited the French book "Soybeans". Li Shi founded the Tofu Factory on the outskirts of Paris in 1909, and the scale of the factory continued to expand. Li Shi once let him go to his hometown, and later became the leader of Mei Lanfang's "Mei Party", and the theater theory master Qi Rushan returned to China to recruit many workers. Li Shi met Sun Yat-sen in his early years and joined the League, and Sun Yat-sen visited "The Tofu Factory" and praised it. Every time Sun Yat-sen lacked funds to carry out revolutionary activities to overthrow the Qing Dynasty, he sent a telegram to inform Li Shizeng, who immediately remitted the huge profits of the "Tofu Factory" to Sun Yat-sen in several batches to support his revolutionary cause. Li Shi was a pioneer in introducing tofu to Europe. Later, it was introduced to the United States and other countries in the world through the continent. Many people around the world suggest that it should be called: "Li Shi Zeng Tofu". Li Shi used France's "Gengzi Indemnity" to establish the "Study and Thrift Society" in 1912, and began to send students from various Chinese provinces to study in France, and in 1915, Li Shi founded the "Work-study Society" in France. In 1916, Li Shi founded the "Fahua Education Association" in Beiping. In 1917, Li Shi founded the "Bri Village Study in France Craft School" in his ancestral hometown of Gaoyang County, Hebei Province, for the establishment of the "Bri Village Study in France Craft School", where Cai Hesen taught. At the same time, Li Shi once created the "Preparatory Class for Studying in France" in Baoding, Hebei Province. Later, 18 "reserved schools" were established throughout the country In 1918, Li Shi founded the "French Specialized Training Center" in Beijing, which pushed the work-study in France to a climax. The purpose is "diligent in work, thrifty in learning". Mainly to help poor children complete their studies. Li Shi had appointed Zhu Yanhuang (1877-1955), a late Qing Xiucai in Baisha Town, Jiangjin, Sichuan Province, to organize a work-study program in Sichuan Province, which was part of the whole country, of which Sichuan had the largest number of nationalities and the greatest achievements, giving birth to Sichuan politicians Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, Nie Rongzhen, Liu Bojian, and Zhao Shiyan. Scientist Zhu Guangcai, educator He Lu. Doctor, Zhu Guangxiang, dean of the School of Medicine of the University of China and France, Zhu Guangru, professor of French, etc. Provincial nationals include politicians Zhou Enlai, Li Lisan, Li Fuchun, Cai Hesen, Cai Chang, Li Weihan, He Changgong and so on. Painters Xu Beihong, Lin Fengmian, Pan Yuliang. Artists Chang Shuhong, Li Jianwu. Scientist Zhu Xie, dramatist Jiao Juyin. Former Chairman of Taiwan Province Wei Daoming. Peng Jiqun, former chairman of the Hydraulic Commission of the National Government and chairman of Nenjiang Province. Li Linyu, former president of Sino-French University. French Chinese merchant money straight. Yan Keats, vice chairman of the National People's Congress, and others. Architect Wang Shenbo. Engineering optics expert, Professor Ma Shixiu of the University of China and France. French Professor Zhu Guangru. Xiong Qinglai, president of Yunnan University. Zhao Jinyi, dean of the School of Science at Northwest University. Professor Li Heng of West China University. Zhang Yun, professor of astronomy at Sun Yat-sen University. Li Shizeng, president of Beiping Research Institute, and Li Shuhua, vice president. Zhou Faqi, director of the Institute of Chemistry of Beiping Research Institute. Zhang Xi, director of the Institute of Zoology. Liu Shenchen, director of the Institute of Botany. Xu Bingchang, director of the Institute of History. Animal researcher Zhou Taixuan. Yin Zanxun, a researcher at the Institute of Geology. Pei Wenzhong. Director of the Institute of Mineral Survey Li Shilin. Liu Dabei, the director of Kenye Farm. Zhu Guangxiang, Dean of the School of Medicine of the University of China and France. Luo Xiwen, dean of the Faculty of Liberal Arts of the University of China and France. Wu Kegang, Chair of the Department of Economics at National Taiwan University. Professor Zhu Guangqian of Peking University. Professor Lin Shijin of Shanghai Aurora University. Dai Wangshu, Su Xuelin, etc. The influence of studying in France on modern China is extensive and profound. Beiyang government to reform and opening up. Almost Chinese politics, economy, culture, science, education, health and medical care, painting, art, drama, and diplomacy are inseparable from the work-study in France. Li Shizeng, Zhu Fuhuang made great contributions. Educator Li Shi's outstanding contribution to China's modern education system was to take the lead in introducing a Western education system to replace the "private school" in the late Qing Dynasty. Li Shi has seriously studied the Modern Western education system, that is, the school system, which is dominated by France, and has taken the lead in introducing it to China. Part of this is that the university has an affiliated secondary school, a secondary school with an affiliated primary school, and an attached kindergarten. And it continues to be used today. In the early years of the Republic of China, Li Shi had prepared to introduce the Western modern education system in his former residence "Xiao Nan Yuan" on the south side of the Biyun Temple in Xishan, Beijing, and used the "Gengzi Indemnity" to establish the "Sino-French University" (now Beijing Institute of Technology) in Xishan, Beijing, and in 1921, he founded the "Sino-French University of China and France" (i.e. the University of Lyon) in Lyon, France. Li Shi also prepared and established the "Hot Spring Middle School" attached to the "Sino-French University" (now Beijing No. 47 Middle School) in Xishan, Beijing. In 1917, Li Shi established the "Kong de School" (middle school, primary school, kindergarten) at the site of the "Huafa Education Association" in Fangjian Lane, Dongcheng District, Beijing. A large number of celebrities graduated from the "Kong De School" including Chen Xiangmei, Wu Zuguang, Qian Sanqiang, Li Yamei and so on. In 1952, it was renamed "Beijing No. 27 Middle School". Li Shizeng, the founder of the work-study in France, was inspired by the French modern scientific research institution. Li Shi, then an executive member of the Kuomintang Central Committee, proposed the establishment of the "Central Research Institute" at a meeting of the Politburo of the Kuomintang Central Committee in 1927, which was passed. 10 research institutes have been established in Nanjing and Shanghai. In 1928, Li Shi proposed the establishment of the "Peking Research Institute" at the Kuomintang Central Committee Meeting, which was passed, and the following year Li Shi was established as the director of the Preparatory Committee, and Cai Yuanpei and Zhang Jingjiang were established as members of the Preparatory Committee. In 1929, the "Peking Research Institute" was formally established. Li Shi was the dean. "Peking Research Institute" has nine research institutes, including physics, chemistry, biology, animals, plants, geology, medicine, and history. Famous scientists Yan Keats, Zhu Guangcai, Li Shuhua, Tong Di Zhou, Qian Sanqiang. etc. are academicians. Weng Wenhao, then "chief executive officer" of the Kuomintang, was a special researcher. Li Shi made a special trip to Beiping in 1948. Organize the last meeting of the "Peking Research Institute". This time, Li Shi had lived in his daughter Li Yamei's house at 33,36 Wangfu Street in Dongcheng, Beijing. He left Beijing after meeting with Fu Zuoyi, then commander-in-chief of North China. In 1949, when New China was founded, Premier Zhou Enlai made a special appointment with Yan Keats and asked the "Beiping Research Institute" to vacate its office space in Zhongnanhai to the Party Central Committee. At the same time, the "Peking Research Institute" was officially renamed the "Chinese Academy of Sciences". In November 1949, it received the general office of the "Peking Research Institute" and the six institutes of atomic science, physics, chemistry, botany, zoology and history. In March 1950, the "Academia Sinica" received four research institutes in Shanghai: chemistry, botany, animals and engineering. At the same time received the "Peking Research Institute" in Shanghai Physiology, Medicine two research institutes. In 1950, it received the office of the "Academia Sinica" and 5 institutes of society, physics, meteorology, astronomy and geology. Another research institute founded by Li Shi, the "Academia Sinica", was moved to Taiwan, Taipei. In fact, it is only to bring the name to Taiwan, because the research institute site, buildings, equipment, etc. cannot be taken away. Taiwan has revived the "Academia Sinica." The "Chinese Academy of Sciences" is now a ministerial unit directly under the State Council. With the consent of Regency Prime Minister Huang Gao, Feng Yuxiang ordered his subordinate Lu Zhonglin to break into the "Forbidden City". Puyi, the deposed emperor of the Qing Dynasty, was expelled from the palace and replaced the old version with a new version of the "Regulations on Treating the Qing Dynasty well" issued by Regency Prime Minister Huang Gao, which greatly reduced the welfare of the former Qing Dynasty. Become the world's biggest wonder. At that time, the educator Li Shi was among the expulsion of the Qing emperors, why did Li Shi oppose the Qing? Why overthrow the Qing Dynasty? Li Shizeng's family has been an emperor for generations, several dynasties have been officials, eating imperial grain, high-ranking officials Houlu, descendants should have known en Tu to repay, to serve the court, why did Li Shi rebel against the court? Puyi and the original military officials were puzzled. It has become a historical mystery case and has not been solved so far. The expulsion of Puyi from the Forbidden City shocked the whole country, and the Republic of China overturned the river and the sea. Li Shi once stood for the supporters of the representatives: There are still remnants of the imperial system in the republic that hurt the national system and hurt the political system. All including the royal palace, except for personal belongings, should be nationalized. Eventually supported by Sun Yat-sen. Duan Qirui, Hu Shi and others opposed to no avail. Li Shi, who had founded the "Sino-French University of Lyon" in France, once used the reconstruction of the old royal palace into a national museum in France as an example, and Li Shi proposed to the government at that time to build a "Palace Museum" when he was a member of the Central Control Commission, and was approved. Li Shi was approved to be the "chairman of the Qing Room Aftermath Committee" in charge of preparing for the establishment of the "Palace Museum". After a year of preparation, that is, on October 10, 1925, the calligrapher Li Shi personally wrote a huge plaque of "Palace Museum" hanging on the Shenwu Gate. Since then, the "Forbidden City" has changed from a one-person private palace to a 1.4 billion Chinese people "Forbidden City". Li Shi made important contributions to the Chinese revolution: 1) Founded the work-study program in France. 2) Founded the "Sino-French University" (now Beijing Institute of Technology). Founded "Wenquan Middle School" (now Beijing No. 47 Middle School). Founded the "Kongde School" (now Beijing No. 27 Middle School). 3) Create the predecessor of the "Chinese Academy of Sciences", the Beiping Research Institute and the Academia Sinica. 4) Creation of the "Palace Museum". 5) Li Shi had persuaded Zhang Xueliang to implement the Northeast Yizhi. Achieve the formal unification of China. 6) Li Shi supported Zheng Yuxiu in the feminist movements such as women's liberation, women's equal participation in politics, and property inheritance rights, and supported monogamy and non-concubinage. 7) Li Shi supported the peaceful reunification of the motherland. 8) Li Shi was a great contributor to the northern leaders of the League in overthrowing the Qing Dynasty and establishing the Republic of China. The Li Shi Zeng Memorial Hall is located in Gaoyang County, Baoding City, Hebei Province. The main exhibition hall introduces the contribution of Li Shizeng, the invisible giant who influenced China. Welcome to reprint,