Gansu is located in northwest China, the terrain is narrow and long, the terrain slopes from southwest to northeast through Shaanxi, west to Xinjiang, south to Sichuan and Qinghai, north to Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, and the northwest end borders Mongolia. Located north of qilian mountains, south of north mountains, from Wusheling in the east to ganxin junction in the west, the Hexi Corridor is a narrow strip of land that slopes from east to west and from south to north. Because of the uniqueness of its geographical location, Gansu has been the forefront of the Central Plains Dynasty in the west since ancient times, and has always become a place of contention between soldiers and families. A total of twenty-five countries were established in the Gansu region in ancient times, and now they are explained in detail.
Gongguo: The time of existence is the Shang Dynasty. The former site of the Shang Dynasty Gongguo was in present-day Jingchuan County, Gansu Province, and the capital was Gongyi, which was later destroyed by King Wen of Zhou.
Nguyễn Đạng The State of Ruan (阮国) was a princely state established during the Shang Dynasty by Sun Ruan, a descendant of gao pottery, in present-day Jingchuan County, Gansu Province.
Mishu Kingdom: The time of existence is the Shang Dynasty. The State of Mishu was officially granted the State of Mishu in present-day Lingtai County, Gansu, during the reign of King Wuding of the Shang Dynasty. At the end of the Shang Dynasty, it united with Chongguo and invaded the neighboring Nguyen tribe. In 1057 BC, the kingdom of Mishu was destroyed by King Wen of Zhou.
Secret Kingdom: Existed from 1046 BC to 922 BC. The Mi kingdom was originally in the area of present-day Lingtai County, Gansu Province, and at the end of the Shang Dynasty, King Wen of Zhou destroyed the state of Mishu, and when King Wu established the Zhou Dynasty after the Zhou Dynasty, he established a small state with the surname of Ji in his territory. The emperor of the Secret Kingdom, Mi Kanggong, once followed the King of Zhou Gong to swim above the JingShui and obtained three beautiful women. His mother advised him to sacrifice the three women to the King of Zhou, but Mikang did not comply. The following year, King Gong of Zhou destroyed the Secret Kingdom, and Duke Mikang was killed.
Inuyasha: The time of existence is unknown. Located in the area of present-day Shaanxi and Gansu, the state of Inuyasha was established in Weirong, Jingning County, Gansu, and was founded by a branch of the ancient Xirong.
Kingdom of Yiqu: Existed from the Western Zhou Dynasty to 272 BC. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Yiqu Rong took advantage of the zhou internal turmoil and announced that he had broken away from the rule of the Zhou Dynasty and officially established the State of Fang, with the capital at Xigou Village, Jiaocun Township, 50 miles northwest of present-day Ning County. After continuous expansion, its national borders reach the West Haigu Grassland in the west, the Qiaoshan Mountains in the east, the Ningxia Hetao in the north, and the Jingshui In the south, covering an area of about 100,000 square kilometers. In 327 BC, King Huiwen of Qin set up a county in Yiqu, and the King of Yiqu declared himself a vassal to the State of Qin. In 272 BC, Empress Xuan lured King Yiqu into Qin and killed him at Ganquan Palace. The State of Qin seized the opportunity to send troops to attack Yiqu and established three counties in the homeland of Yiqu: Longxi, Beidi, and Shangjun.
Qin Kingdom: Existed from 905 BC to 207 BC. In the sixth year of King Xiao of Zhou, Qin Feizi, the ancestor of Qin, was made a vassal state by Zhou Tianzi for his meritorious service in raising horses, and the capital of the state was in Qinyi, which was in the northeast of Qingshui County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province, in present-day Gansu Province. In 821 BC, Duke Zhuang of Qin defeated Xi Rong and was given the title of Grand Master of The Western Province by King Xuan of Zhou, and was again given the title of Qin (Tianshui), the place where the Great Luo clan lived. In 770 BC, Qin Xianggong sent troops to escort King Ping of Zhou to move east, and was made a prince and given the land west of Qishan. Since then, the State of Qin has officially become a vassal state of the Zhou Dynasty.
Ōtsuki clan: Existed from the 5th century BC to the beginning of the 2nd century BC. The Yue people were nomadic in the area from Zhangye to Dunhuang in the western part of the Hexi Corridor, and they were powerful and fierce enemies of the Xiongnu. Between 177 BC and 176 BC, the Xiongnu Mao Dun shan defeated the Yue clan by sending the Right Xian King. In 174 BC, the Xiongnu Shangdan Yuli soon defeated the Yue clan, killed its king, and used his head as a drinking vessel. Most of the Yue clan moved west to the Ili River valley and near Lake Issyk-Kul.
Wusun: Existed from the beginning of the 2nd century BC to 410 AD. The Wusun people were one of the most important ethnic groups in the Han Dynasty that connected the eastern and western steppes, and the leader of the Wusun people was called "Kunmo" or "Kunmi". In the early 2nd century BC, both the Wusun and Yue people were nomadic in Dunhuang Qilian in present-day Gansu, bordering the Xiongnu in the north.
Former Qiuchi Kingdom: Existed from 296 AD to 371 AD. In the sixth year of the Western Jin Dynasty, Qi Wanshuai, a member of the Qi clan, led an uprising of all ethnic groups in Guanlong, and the revolt spread throughout the qin, Yong and other prefectures. At this time, Yang Feilong's adopted son Yang Maosou led his army of 4,000 people back to Qiuchi and declared himself the general of the auxiliary state and the king of Zuoxian. This marked the establishment of the Qiuchi regime, known in history as the former Qiuchi State. The former Qiuchi state was destroyed by former Qin in 371 AD and existed for 75 years.
Former Liang: Existed from 301 AD to 376 AD. Qianliang was one of the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms, the capital city of Guzang. In 301 AD, Zhang Rail, a Han Chinese surnamed Liangzhou, was enfeoffed by the Jin Dynasty as liangzhou assassin and began to divide Liangzhou, and in 313 he was given the title of Duke of Xiping Commandery and Liangzhou Mu. The former Liang passed on for a total of 10 generations, after 75 years.
Tang Changguo: Existed from 307 AD to 566 AD. The Kingdom of Tangchang was established by the Qiang people from the end of the Sixteen Kingdoms to the Southern and Northern Dynasties of China, and its territory corresponded to the southern part of present-day Gansu Province, China, with the capital city of Tangchangcheng, in the west of present-day Tangchang County, Gansu Province. The first year of the Jin Dynasty Emperor Yongjia. The Qiang people Liang Jian built the Tang Chang Kingdom, thousands of miles from east to west, and eight hundred miles from north to south. In the first year of the reign of Emperor Taiwu of northern Wei, the state of Tangchang was annexed to Northern Wei. In the first year of emperor Wu of Zhou's reign, the Northern Zhou general Tian Hong destroyed the Kingdom of TangChang.
Western Qin: Existed from 385 to 431 AD. Western Qin was one of the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Five Hu Dynasties, with the capital city of Yuanchuan, in present-day Xigu, Lanzhou, Gansu. Western Qin was founded by Qifu Guoren, the leader of the Xianbei clan in Western Longxi. In 385, the Xianbei chieftain Qifu Guoren was proclaimed DaDan Yu in Longxi, and was also made the King of Yuanchuan by Former Qin, the Capital Warrior Chuan, in present-day Yuzhong, Gansu. In 388, his brother Qifu Qian returned to Li and became known as Dadan Yu, the King of Henan, and moved the capital to Jincheng, in present-day western Lanzhou, Gansu. In 400 AD, the state was destroyed in Later Qin, and in 409 AD, it was restored, renamed the King of Qin, and moved the capital to Yuanchuan. Qifu Blazing Pan also moved the capital to Fenghan, northeast of present-day Linxia City, Gansu. At its peak, its rule included southwestern Gansu and parts of Qinghai. Destroyed by the Xia Kingdom in 431 AD, it lasted for 37 years.
Hou Liang: Existed from 386 AD to 403 AD. Hou Liang was one of the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the capital city of Guzang was the regime established by Lü Guang. In the eighth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Lü Guang had Guzang, and in 386 AD, he was called a general and a pastor of Liangzhou, and began to divide Liangzhou. In the fourth year of Houliang Tai'an, Lü Guang was called the King of Three Rivers, later changed his name to Heavenly King, and established Daliang, which was called Houliang in history. Its rule included western Gansu and parts of Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Outer Mongolia, and became the hegemon of the northwest. In 403, due to the combined attack of Later Qin, Southern Liang, and Northern Liang, he was forced to surrender to Later Qin, and Later Liang ended. Five Emperors, 17 years.
Hou Qiu Chi Kingdom: Existed from 386 AD to 442 AD. After the death of former Qin king Jian Jian, Yang Ding returned to Longyou Shangbang in 386 AD, and today shui. With the support of the local clan, the territory of the former Qiuchi State was recovered, and the capital was established in Licheng, in the north of present-day ChengXian County, calling himself the Duke of Qiuchi, and later renamed the King of Longxi. In 442, the State of Houqiuchi took advantage of the defeat of Liu Song's Northern Expedition and sent troops to Liu Song's Hanzhongdi, liu Song sent troops to counterattack, and the State of Houqiuchi was destroyed by Liu Song, and the regime lasted for 57 years.
Nanliang: Existed from 397 AD to 414 AD. Nanliang was one of the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, built by Tuoba Wugu, Xianbei, Hexi, duledu (present-day Qinghai) and Guzang (梁州), and controlled parts of present-day western Gansu and Ningxia at its peak. In 414 AD, when the bald-haired Wu Tan led an army to plunder the west, Western Qin secretly attacked Ledu, and Southern Liang perished, with three lords, a total of 18 years.
Beiliang: Existed from 397 AD to 460 AD. Northern Liang was one of the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the capital city of Guzang. In 397, Duan Ye proclaimed himself the Governor of Dadu, the Great General of Long jun, the Mu of Liangzhou, the Duke of Jiankang, the Jianyuan Shenxi, and the capital of Camel City, 22 kilometers south of present-day Gaotai County, Gansu. In 399 AD, Duan Ye changed his name to Liang Wang and changed his name to Yuan Tianxi. In 401 AD, Mengxun attacked and killed Duan Ye, still called Liangzhou Mu, changed to Yuan Yong'an, and inherited the land of Liangzhou Wang. In 412 CE, Mengxun made the capital Guzang the capital, and was called the King of Hexi, Liangzhou Mu. At this time, Northern Liang controlled parts of present-day western Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang, and Qinghai, and was the most powerful force in The Liangzhou region. In 421 AD, Xiliang was destroyed. In 439 AD, Tuoba Tao led the Northern Wei army to besiege Guzang, and Mu Qian surrendered. Frustrated Qu Mu Qian's disciple Frustrated Canal traveled west to Gaochang to re-establish the state, and in 460 AD, Rouran attacked Gaochang, Frustrated Canal An Zhou was killed, and Northern Liang was killed.
Xiliang: Existed from 400 AD to 421 AD. Li Guang's descendant Li Kuan established the Western Liang Dynasty in 400 AD, with the capital at Dunhuang. In 405 AD, the capital was moved to Jiuquan, approaching Northern Liang. The territory was in present-day western Gansu and parts of Xinjiang, China. In 421 AD, Mengxun led the Northern Liang army to divert water to Dunhuang, Li Ke's men surrendered, Li Ke committed suicide, Dunhuang fell, and Xiliang perished.
Wudu Kingdom: Existed from 443 AD to 477 AD. After the fall of the Qiuchi regime, in 443 AD, Yang Wende established the Wudu regime in Yelu (present-day Waina Township, Wudu) under the support of Sima Hongda in the former Qiuchi State Town, and Zhengxi Zhonglang Rensheng, and by 477 AD, Yang Wendu was destroyed by northern Wei, passing on 2 generations and 4 lords for 34 years.
Yinping Kingdom: Existed from 479 AD to 580 AD. When the state of Wudu was destroyed by Northern Wei, another clan member, Yang Wenxiang, with the support of Northern Wei, occupied Yinping (present-day Wen County and Pingwu, Sichuan), and in 479 he was called the Duke of Yinping and established a political power called the State of Yinping. In 580 AD, the Yinping Kingdom was destroyed by the Northern Zhou Dynasty and lasted for nearly a hundred years.
Xue's Western Qin: Existed from 617 AD to 618 AD. In the thirteenth year of the Sui Dynasty Emperor's great cause, Xue Ju and his son Xue Rengao rebelled against Sui, xue ju proclaimed himself the king of Western Qin, the era name Qin Xing, and named the eldest son Xue Rengao the Duke of Qi, and the younger son Xue Renyue as the Duke of Jin. Soon after, they captured Yanzhou and Kuozhou, and according to the land of Longxi, strangled the Silk Road traffic. In the autumn and July, Xue Ju proclaimed himself Emperor Qin in Lanzhou and established Western Qin. Later, Li Shimin led his army to defeat the Western Qin army at shallow water sources, Xue Rengao surrendered, was beheaded in the city, and the Western Qin regime was destroyed.
Great Liang Kingdom: Existed from 617 AD to 619 AD. In 617, Sima Li of Yingyang Prefecture in Wuwei County raised an army against the Sui, occupied Hexi, established the State of Liang, fixed the capital Guzang, and Jianyuan Anle, and attached itself to the Eastern Turks. In the first year of Tang Wude, Li Rail officially declared himself emperor and set up hundred officials, which was called the Daliang regime in history. In the second year of Wude of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan, the emperor of Tang Gaozu, sent troops to conquer Wuwei, and Li Lu was destroyed by Li Yuan, and the State of Great Liang was destroyed.
Liangzhou Wen Dynasty: Existed from 764 AD to 861 AD. In the second year of Guangde in the Tang Dynasty, Liangzhou was occupied by Tubo, and the Wen people established the Wen dynasty, which was actually a joint regime between the Tubo tribe and the descendants of Hexi Jiedu and the Liangzhou Shi clan, which was called Liangzhou Wen Mo. In 848, Zhang Yichao organized a rebel army in Shazhou to begin expelling Tubo, and in 861 AD, Zhang Yichao recaptured Liangzhou, and Liangzhou was destroyed.
Western Han Dynasty Jinshan Kingdom: Existed from 906 AD to 914 AD. The Jinshan State of the Western Han Dynasty, also known as the Western Han Dynasty Dunhuang State, was a local government in Hexisha Prefecture in the late Tang Dynasty. In the third year of the Reign of Emperor Tianyou of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Chengfeng, the grandson of Zhang Yichao, proclaimed himself the Prince of Baiyi, established the name of the Western Han Dynasty Jinshan Kingdom, and set the capital at Dunhuang, no longer serving the Tang Dynasty Zhengshuo. During his reign, he fought endlessly with the Uighurs of Ganzhou. After four years of Later Liang Qianhua, Zhang Chengfeng died, and the governor of the prefecture was mainly Shi Caoyijin. Cao Yijin deposed the Jinshan Kingdom and still claimed to be under the guiyi army, and the Western Han Dynasty JinshanGuo perished.
Liugu Tubo: Existed from 960 AD to 1032 AD. Liugu Tubo was a semi-independent regime attached to the Song Dynasty, with the capital Guzang. In the first year of the Song Dynasty, the Tubo tribe set up a self-established regime in Liangzhou, such as the Xiliangfu Folding Gezhi and the Western Liangfu Liugu Chieftain Pan Luozhi, known as liugu tubo in history. For the next 72 years, Liangzhou remained in the hands of the Tubo people who called themselves "Liugu", alongside the Qingtang Tubo regime in Ledu.