Holstein dairy cows are the highest and most excellent milk produced in China, and are the main dairy cattle breed for milk production. Holstein cows are more expensive, but vary in stage, quality, and regional prices. Let's take a look at the market price, lactation volume and lactation management methods of Holstein cows:
How much does a Holstein cow cost?
Male calves 200 yuan, female calves 1000 yuan. The price of adult cows is relatively high, around 15,000, which is naturally formed between markets.
The price of Chinese Holstein dairy cows not only varies from place to place, but there are also many factors that affect the price movement. It is understood that the price of dairy cows is determined by the age, number of births, milk production, etc. of the cows. The specific price is negotiated in person according to the quality of the cow, age, milk production, pregnancy month and the color, body shape, and condition of the cow, and the difference between the price of the cow ranges from thousands to dozens.
Jiaxiang County Hongwei Farm: Quotation: ¥8900 yuan
Jiaxiang County Yimin Farm: Quotation: ¥4000 yuan
Jiaxiang County Zhifu Farm: Quotation: ¥4200 yuan
Dingxiang County Yunzhonghe Dairy Farm: Quotation: ¥11,000 yuan
How much milk do Holstein cows produce in a day?
Holstein cattle produce the most milk from any dairy cow breed. The average milk production of general cows is 7500~8500 kg, and the milk fat rate is 3.5%~3.8%.
The milk production of dairy cows in different periods is not the same, the milk stoppage period does not produce milk at all, and the milk production of a cow a day during the peak period of milk production is generally more than 25 kg, and a better cow can produce about 40 kg; The evaporation period is relatively long, when the milk production of a cow in a day is generally between 5 kg and 20 kg.
Feeding management of Holstein cows during lactation
1. Early lactation: Dairy cows from the beginning of calving until 70 days, for the early stage of lactation at this stage, the amount of dry matter eaten by dairy cows is 15% lower than that after lactation due to the lack of full recovery of appetite, so this stage should pay attention to the palatability of feed and the quality of feed. The highest daily milk production generally occurs at 4-8 weeks postpartum and the highest dry matter is at 10-14 weeks postpartum, resulting in a negative balance of energy in cows in the early stages of lactation. (1) When there is too much concentrate in the diet of lactating cattle, and its crude fiber is 13-14.5%, in order to maintain the normal environment and digestive function of the rumen, prevent the relaxation of the anterior stomach and the decline of milk fat content, magnesium oxide and sodium bicarbonate should be added. These substances have a buffering effect on the acidity of rumen contents. The dosage, sodium bicarbonate is 1-1.5% of the concentrate, magnesium oxide is 0.5-0.8% of the concentrate; (2) After the cow produces calves, it should be allowed to freely feed high-quality hay, try to avoid feeding too much corn silage, observe the amount of food eaten on the day after feeding the concentrate, if there is no concentrate left, and eat a lot of hay, spirit, fecal excretion, rumination, etc. normal, milk volume is also increasing, you can feed 0.5-1 kg of concentrate every day, if there is leftover material, and eat less coarse material, eat too slowly, appetite is obviously poor, you can not add feed; (3) The daily amount of concentrate is fed 3 times, generally the amount of concentrate per feeding does not exceed 3 kg, and should be mixed with the coarse material before feeding. Large-scale dairy farms measure milk production every 3 days and milk fat rate every 10 days to guide production.
2. Mid-lactation: This stage is 71-140 days after the cow gives birth, which is called the stable lactation period. The urinary curve of high-yield cattle at this stage is stable or decreases at a rate of less than 6% per month, and the general production of cattle is reduced by about 10%. For high-yielding cows with a milk production of more than 35 kg per day, buffers should be added on weekdays and in summer. Potassium chloride should also be added in summer to facilitate heat stress in high-yielding cows. In summer, in order to prevent the impact of heat on the appetite of cows, it can be fed once before sunrise at 3-5 a.m. when the temperature is at its lowest to increase the amount of food eaten, and to prevent the use of body fat to produce milk in cows with strong lactation.
3. Late lactation: 141-305 days after calving. At this time, the cow has entered the middle and late stages of pregnancy, and the nutritional needs include maintenance, lactation, repair of body tissue, fetal growth and pregnancy deposition, so the nutrient demand of cows is still increasing. The 36-50 kg of body weight lost in the early stage of lactation should be restored as much as possible in the middle and late stages of lactation, but care should be taken not to overweight cows, and it is forbidden to feed them with ice or moldy spoilage.