In the hot summer, all kinds of snakes and insects rat ants have come out of the hole, this time is also the peak period of tick activity, once bitten, tick head is very easy to drill deep into the skin, causing local infection, resulting in fever with leukocytes, thrombocytopenia and multi-organ function damage as the main manifestation of tick-borne diseases, severe cases can cause death.
What is a tick?
Ticks, commonly known as ticks, grass steaks, dog beans, belong to the parasitic mites, tick family, reddish-brown or gray-brown, oblong-oval, generally dormant among grasses, plants or livestock fur, will also invade the human body, like mosquitoes suck blood, but the fatality rate is much higher than mosquitoes. When not sucking blood, ticks have a flattened abdomen and a slight bulge on the back, grains of rice to the size of mung beans, swelling after blood sucking, soybeans to the size of fingernails, up to 200 times their body weight.
How do ticks bite people?
Ticks have a keen sense of smell, are sensitive to sweat and carbon dioxide, will be perceived when they are close to the host for 15m, and once they contact it immediately climb to the host, they will look for areas with relatively thin skin and are not easily scratched to suck blood, such as the neck, behind the ears, armpits, inner thighs, genitals and groin.
How do ticks spread?
1. Direct bite
After ticks bite animals that carry pathogens, when they bite people again, the pathogen also enters the human body and causes the disease. In general, the risk of spreading the disease within 48 hours of tick attachment is relatively small, and the risk of infection increases over time.
2. Indirect Transmission
Direct contact with the blood, secretions and other bodily fluids of critically ill patients or carrier animals may cause transmission.
How do I identify myself from being bitten?
1. Mole-like
New black spots appear on the body for no reason, "pulling" can not fall off, tick mouthparts on the skin do not let go, drilled into the skin, only a black tail is exposed, it looks like a black mole.
2. Redness and swelling
Locally, edematous papules or small nodules appear, red, swollen or even inflamed, with traces of insect bites in the center.
3. Itching or pain
4. Fever
A few days after ticks suck blood, fever, chills, headache, abdominal pain, nausea and other symptoms appear, and fever is mostly persistent high fever, which can be as high as 40 ° C or more.
I got bitten, what should I do?
Once the traces of ticks are found, they must not be slapped like mosquitoes, nor can they be simply and rudely pulled, because the mouth organ of the tick is like a sword that has been deeply rooted in the skin, and there are barbs fixed on the head, violent pulling will only stimulate the tick to secrete more sticky substances, so that the subordination plate is more firmly connected with the skin, therefore, it is difficult to pull the tick down, even if it is pulled, the worm head will still remain in the skin, secrete more saliva carrying pathogens, and increase the possibility of infection. In addition, if the tick is pinched and the hand directly touches the tick body fluid, it will also infect the virus. Therefore, if you find that you have been bitten by ticks, it is best to go to the hospital in time to disinfect and anesthetize and take it out completely.
If you can't get medical treatment immediately, when you take it out by yourself, pay attention to finding a pointed forceps, clamp the mouthpiece as close to the skin as possible, quickly pull out vertically upwards, and do not shake left and right, so as not to break the mouthpiece. After pulling out the tick, clean the wound with alcohol and wash your hands with soapy water.
Ticks are masters of spreading diseases, a tick can produce 3000-4000 eggs, so Xiaobian reminds here that the removed ticks must not be discarded and released naturally, and the most direct way is to burn with fire to stifle the source of infection.
Do a good job of outdoor protection to prevent tick bites
1. Do a good job of environmental and personal hygiene, remove weeds.
2. Ticks mainly inhabit grasslands, shrubs and woods, apply mosquito repellent to exposed parts when going out to play, wear long clothes and trousers with tight mouths and smooth mouths, do not wear sandals or slippers, and try to avoid sitting and lying down for a long time in grasslands, woods and other environments.
3. Change all clothes after the field activity, take a bath immediately, and pay attention to checking the scalp, neck, behind the ears, armpits, inner thighs and other skin folds for ticks when bathing.
4. Families with pets should pay attention to timely cleaning and inspection to prevent ticks from parasitizing the pet and invading the human body.
5. Once suspected signs appear, you should take the initiative to seek medical attention and inform your doctor of your exposure history.
Transferred from the Dermatology Hospital of the Medical Academy, invaded and deleted