When it comes to beef, many people will say that the best beef in the world is Japanese Wagyu beef, which is tender and nutritious. But now this top hat is about to be taken away by the "Yunling Cattle". The "Yunling Cattle", which has been selected and bred by the Yunnan Academy of Grassland Animal Sciences for 31 years, was officially awarded the certificate of new breed of livestock and poultry last month.
It took 31 years
China and Australia join forces to breed new breeds of beef cattle
According to Huang Bizhi, president of the Provincial Academy of Grassland Animal Sciences, the breeding cycle of new varieties of large animals is generally about 28 to 35 years. Among single-child animals, cattle are the most difficult to breed. "There is only one pregnancy at a time, and it must be a female to continue breeding, so the breeding cycle is quite long."
In order to improve the small size and low meat production of Yunnan cattle, in 1983, Yunnan and Australia jointly carried out the selection and breeding of new breeds of beef cattle. With the native cattle in Yunnan as the mother and the Mole grey cattle as the father, they are selected and bred by hybridization and other means. Through hard work, the selected cattle have a high meat yield, but they are not resistant to disease, "Mole gray cattle do not adapt to the high temperature and high humidity climate in Yunnan, it is easy to get a disease, almost let the breeding failure." ”
To make the selected cattle more disease-resistant, the researchers thought of Brahmin cattle. This cattle have well-developed sweat glands and droopy skin, are adapted to heat, drought and desert areas, and are resistant to heat and antibody surface parasites. In 1854, the Indians gave two bulls to thank the British cotton and sugarcane growers, and since then, the Brahmin cattle have begun a journey around the world, and the United Kingdom, the United States, Brazil, Australia and other countries have introduced species.
Chinese and Australian researchers crossed the descendants of Yunnan cattle and Mole grey cattle with Brahmin cattle to breed new breeds. It contains 50% of the blood of Brahmin cattle, 25% of the blood of Mole grey cattle and 25% of the blood of Yunnan cattle, and has the characteristics of high breeding of Molei grey cattle, heat resistance and tick resistance of Brahmin cattle and good quality and wide adaptability of Yunnan yellow beef.
After another 11 years of cross-fertilization, the various characteristics of the new varieties selected for breeding have been stabilized.
High meat production
The meat quality has surpassed that of Japanese Wagyu beef
From April 23 to 25 last year, "Yunling Cattle" passed the on-site examination and approval of the Cattle, Horses and Camels Professional Committee of the National Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Commission, and was awarded the Certificate of New Breeds of Livestock and Poultry on December 8 last year. This marks that "Yunling Cattle" has become the first new breed of ternary hybrid beef cattle independently cultivated in China, the fourth new breed of beef cattle in the country and the first in the south since the founding of New China, and a major breakthrough in the cultivation of new varieties of high-quality and characteristic livestock and poultry in our province.
So, what are the characteristics of "Yunling Cattle"? Huang Bizhi said that it adapts to the climatic conditions of high temperature and high humidity in southern China; it has strong disease resistance and tolerance to rough feeding, which can be said to be not delicate and suitable for breeding.
In terms of meat production, Yunnan cattle take 3 to 5 years to mature, and their weight is generally about 250 kg to 350 kg. In contrast, the "Yunling cattle" only need two to two and a half years to mature, and the weight can reach six or seven hundred kilograms. The feeding period is greatly shortened, and the meat production is doubled, which has good economic benefits.
In terms of beef taste, it has reached the 5A level. Huang Bizhi said: "Judging from a number of indicators of beef, the beef quality of 'Yunling Beef' exceeds that of Japanese Wagyu beef. ”
At present, the most expensive parts of the "Yunling cattle" can be sold for 3,000 yuan / kg, and there are only about 20 kilograms of this meat on a cow. Other parts are priced at about 120 yuan / kg.
Huang Bizhi said with a smile: "Now many farmers go to breed cattle, and they say that as long as BMY cattle. "Yunling cow" is also called BMY cow, and the 3 letters are derived from the first letter of the 3 parents.
Now, such delicious beef is still difficult to see in the market due to the small production. It is expected to be available next year.