There are a total of 54 varieties of kiwifruit cultivated in the world, of which China accounts for 52. The remaining two are New Zealand's 'g3 (Gold 3)' and 'Hayward' varieties. The reason why China has many varieties, in addition to mastering the rich resources of wild kiwifruit, also depends on the scientific research efforts of scientific researchers. Did you know that these 52 varieties can be divided into 4 major lines.
The four major series are the Chinese series, the delicious series, the soft jujube class and the wool flower class. Among the 52 varieties, the artificial cultivation is mainly Chinese and delicious, today's article we will first talk about the delicious kiwifruit.
1. Hayward
Varieties introduced in New Zealand. It is the main cultivar that occupies the main position in the international market at present. The fruit is broad oval to broad oblong, 6.4 cm longitudinal, 5.3 cm transverse, 4.9 cm narrow, with an average single fruit weight of 100 g and a maximum of 160 g; The peel is greenish brown. , densely covered with brown hard hairs; The flesh is green, the juice is more, the acidity is moderate and sweet, and the aroma is fragrant; Contains soluble solids 14.6%, total sugar 74%, total acid 1.5%, vitamin C 93.6 mg per 100 g pulp. It blooms in mid-May and ripens in mid-to-late October.
The advantages of this variety are excellent quality, good fruit shape, the most resistant to storage, long shelf life is currently the most resistant variety of kiwifruit varieties, 95% of the international market sales Hayward, is currently the world's most of the world's kiwi cultivation garden outside the main planting variety. The disadvantage is that the flowering period is late, the fruiting period is also late, and the wind resistance is poor.
2. Xu Xiang
Selected from hayward seedlings from Xuzhou Orchard, Jiangsu Province. The fruit is cylindrical, with an average fruit weight of 75 to 110 g and a maximum fruit weight of 137 g; The peel is yellow-green and covered with yellow-brown fur; The flesh is green, the juice is abundant, the flavor is sweet and sour, the aroma is strong, and the shelf life and storage period are long. Soluble solids 15.3% to 19.8%, containing vitamin C 99.4 to 123 mg per 100 g of pulp.
It blooms in early and mid-May, and the fruit ripens in early October.
This variety began to bear fruit early, and the grafted seedlings flowered and bore fruit in 2 years, and the yield of the 4-year plant reached 38 kg, and the yield was stable. It is suitable for cultivation in deep, fertile, well-ventilated sandy soils. In 2007, it entered the domestic and foreign markets, reflecting the fruity and sweet taste, suitable for the tastes of Chinese and most people abroad, the market demand is large, from the taste is better than Hayward and other delicious varieties, the disadvantage is that the fruit is small.
3. Cuixiang
Zhouzhi County was found in the census of wild resources in the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains. The fruit is beautiful, neat and oval, with an average single fruit weight of 82 grams, the maximum single fruit weighing 130 grams, and 70% of the single fruit on a single tree can reach 100 grams, and the commodity rate is 90%. The flesh is dark green, the taste is sweet, the aroma is very strong, the quality is good, the palatability is good, the texture is fine and the juice is more, the soluble solids of the hard fruit are 11.57%, the soluble solids of the soft fruit can reach more than 17%, and the per 100 grams of pulp contains vitamin C 180 mg. It flowers in late April and matures at the end of August.
This variety matures early and is of high quality, easy to produce abundantly and stably. The comprehensive resistance of this variety is stronger than that of early ripening kiwifruit such as Xu Xiang and Hongyang. Suitable cultivation performs well on slightly acidic and neutral soils with loose, deep, fertile and well-drained soils.
4. Golden incense
It is jointly bred by the Institute of Pomology of Northwest A&F University and the Meixian Horticulture Workstation. The fruit is nearly cylindrical, the top of the fruit is depressed, the fruit surface has yellow-brown short-line hairs, the average single fruit weight is 87 grams, the maximum is 116 grams, the flesh is green, containing soluble solids 14.39% to 14.6%, the total sugar is 9.27%, the total acid is 1.29%, and the per 100 grams of pulp contains vitamin C 71.34 mg. The shelf life and storage period are long. It blooms in mid-May and ripens in mid-to-late September.
This variety has a strong tree, a lot of juice, sweet and sour flavor, and refreshing taste. In the third year, the yield of the adult garden can reach about 2000 kg per mu, which can be planted as a medium-ripe variety.
Content source: Yangling Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration and Promotion Series "Kiwi Cultivation Technology"