Original title: The mystery of the tomb of Sun Xiu, emperor of Eastern Wu Jing
This article is written by Ni Fangliu
In the DangtuGushi Industrial Park in Anhui Province, a tomb of Eastern Wu dating back more than 1,700 years was found, and archaeology has been carried out for many days. The scale of the tomb is larger than the tomb of Zhu Ran, a great general of Eastern Wu, which has been previously discovered, and it is speculated that this tomb is likely to be the mausoleum of Sun Xiujing, the third emperor of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period.
Pictured: The newly discovered excavation site of the tomb of Sun Xiu in Dangtu, Anhui Province
The archaeological community has found that there is more than one suspected Sun Ti tomb, such as in Jiangning, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, and Ma'anshan Yushan District, Anhui Province, suspected Sun Ti tombs have been found. Where is Sun Xiu's tomb?
According to local media reports, the burial chamber of the newly discovered Eastern Wu Tomb is made of bricks, from south to north, it is yongdao, front room, rear room, and east and west have ear chambers. Measured from the outside, the total length from north to south is 44 meters, and the width from east to west is more than 30 meters, and the dome of the "four corners of the coupon" is descended. The scale of the tomb is beyond the zhuran tomb, which shows that the identity of the owner of the tomb of Tu Dongwu is not ordinary.
However, this tomb has been patronized by tomb robbers, and there are obvious robbery holes in the front chamber tomb door, and the four corners of the bottom end of the front chamber are inlaid with stone carved bull heads. Judging from the progress of excavation, the stone carved bull head in the northeast corner still exists, but the horn is missing, and the southeast and northwest corners have been stolen, leaving only the neck marks of the bull's head, and the southwest corner has not yet been excavated to the depth of the bull's head soil layer. The posterior chamber and ear chamber have not yet been excavated, but there are obvious holes in the top of the posterior chamber. Although the tomb has been excavated, there are still artifacts unearthed, of which gold objects have been found.
The scale of the tomb is significantly higher than the tomb of Zhu Ran, but the identity of the tomb owner cannot be confirmed at present, and further excavation and verification are yet to be carried out, and it can be confirmed that this is a tomb of Eastern Wu dating back more than 1700 years. Excavations are still ongoing and the entire excavation is scheduled to end in June.
Pictured: Entrance to the tomb of Zhu Ran, a great general of Eastern Wu
Pictured: The tomb next to the tomb of Suspected Sun Xiu found in Jiangning, Nanjing, is very close to the tomb of Zhu Ran
Who will be the owner of this Eastern Wu tomb? Some speculate that it may be the tomb of Sun Xiu, the third emperor of the State of Wu. In the past, folk used to say that "there is a tomb of Tianzi on the top, a temple of Niangniang on the bottom, and a hundred step ponds in the lower part", and this Tomb of Dongwu is what the common people call the "Tomb of the Son of Heaven". Ming Jiajing's "Chronicle of Taiping Province" records: "Wu Jingling, the east of the county, the place name Dongyang. However, during the Republic of China, Wu Jingling had lost the examination, and the Republic of China edition of the Taiping Fu Zhi said: "The tomb of The Wu Emperor of the Three Kingdoms, the Old Chronicle is contained in Dongyang, and there is no examination in the land." ”
It is difficult to determine who the "Tomb of the Son of Heaven" is, so let's talk about Sun Xiuqi first.
Sun Xiu was pushed into the dragon chair by Sun Qiu in 258 AD as the evil king of Langyue, at the age of 23, and was the third emperor of the State of Wu, known in history as "Emperor Jing".
Sun Xiu was sun quan's sixth son, and at the age of 18 in the second year of taiyuan (252 AD), he was made the prince of Langya and lived in Hulin (present-day Guichi, Anhui). After Sun Quan's death from illness, Sun Liang succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Ke, out of political considerations, moved Sun Xiu to Danyang County, where he was monitored. Later, he moved to Huiji (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang).
According to the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, WuShu, and The Master Biography of the Three Heirs (vol. 48), Sun Xiu lived in huijian for several years, and once dreamed that he flew up to the sky on a dragon, but did not see the dragon's tail, and Sun Xiu felt very strange. Soon, in the third year of taiping (258 AD), the powerful minister Sun Qi launched a coup d'état, deposing Sun Liang as the "Prince of Huiji" and welcoming Sun Xiu back to Beijing. It turned out that Sun Xiu's dream was actually an auspicious omen to be the true dragon heavenly son, of course, this may be a kind of appendix after Sun Xiu became emperor.
Photo: Sun Xiudang Emperor (Modern Film)
Picture: Scene of Sun Xiu, the Evil King of Lang (Modern Film)
Although Sun Xiu wanted to be emperor, when Sun Qiaozhen asked him to add his imperial robe, he pushed back and again, and Fang accepted it.
Compared with his deposed younger brother Sun Liang, Sun Xiu was obviously much more mature in his means of government. First of all, he named his "pusher" Sun Qi as the minister of state and the pastor of Jingzhou, and his younger brother Sun En was also promoted to the rank of imperial official, promoting the imperial historian, the general of Wei, and the governor of the Chinese army. At the same time, he did not forget to gather the relatives of the old ministers around him, and named Zhang Bu of the old department as a general of fuyi, and Feng Sun and his grandson Sun Hao as the Marquis of Wucheng.
After doing all this, Sun Xiu began to cut off the power ministers. Shi Sun Qiao was even more domineering than Zhuge Ke and wanted to depose the emperor and establish himself. Sun Xiu, worried that he would become Sun Liang's second, acted decisively and made up his mind to kill Sun Lin. On the surface, he had great respect and reassurance for Sun Qi, but secretly he privately instructed the left generals Zhang Bu and Hou Dingfeng of Xixiang to make preparations. In December of the year of becoming emperor, when the hundred officials were promoted to the palace, Zhang Bu arrested Sun Qi in the hall, and on the same day, he was beheaded, and all the forces of Sun Qi and his gang were suppressed.
Sun Xiu was also cruel enough, and also opened Sun Jun's grave and inflicted "corpse punishment" on him. At the same time, Zhuge Ke, Teng Yin, Lü Zhao, and other ministers who had been persecuted and killed by Sun Jun were rehabilitated, and they also showed their evil breath for Sun Jun.
Among the four emperors of Sun Wu, Sun Xiu still hoped to do something. During his reign of 7 years, Sun Xiu promulgated a system conducive to the people's livelihood, and under the auxiliary government of the Chinese military governors Zhang Bu and Puyang Xing, the state of Wu was temporarily stable and prosperous.
Pictured: Sun Qiang (left) holding Emperor Jingdi Sun Xiu hostage (modern film)
Sun Xiu had great ambitions, and just when he was showing his great ambitions, the 30-year-old prime-age emperor suddenly fell ill. Sun Xiu died in July of the seventh year of Yong'an (264 AD), and was buried in Dingling in December of the same year.
Among the imperial tombs of the State of Wu, there are only two famous and famous tombs that were really fixed before his death, and were buried with imperial rites, one is the jiang mausoleum of the founding emperor Sun Quan, and the other is the Ding mausoleum of Sun Xiu.
Compared with Jiang Ling, the site of Dingling tomb is even more mysterious. Its exact location is controversial and has historically been divided.
Combined, there are three main theories, one is that it was buried 25 miles south of the old city of Nanjing, and the book "The Tomb of the Chinese Emperor" edited by Zhang Shengsan holds this theory; the other is that it is the "Tomb of Tianzi" in The territory of Weiping Township, Tu County, Anhui Province, which is now being excavated, and the "Jiankang Shilu" says that Sun Xiu was buried in "Twenty-five Miles East of Dangtu County"; and the other is that it is the "Songshan Tomb" that has been excavated archaeologically and is located in the Yushan District of Ma'anshan, Anhui Province. According to the Qing Dynasty Shen Tao's "Supplement to the Three Kingdoms Chronicle of the Outer Collection of Daogutang", during the reign of Qing Shun, a large tomb of a tomb was dug up in the local people of Shaowan Mountain in Haining County, and a stone stele was erected next to it, which was called the tomb of Sun Ti.
Photo: Nanjing Jiangning Dongwu Tomb (archaeological excavations have been made)
The scale of the Songshan Tomb is very large, nearly twice as large as the tomb of Zhu Ran, a wu hero discovered two years earlier, and it is not something that ordinary people can build. Due to the serious theft in the early days, no writings have been unearthed that can directly prove the identity of the tomb owner. However, a large square brick with a dragon pattern was found, which was a pattern that could only be used by the emperor, so at that time, the archaeological community tended to the inference that the tomb owner was Sun Xiu (the details of Ni Fangliu's "Tomb of the Three Kingdoms").
At present, when Tu found that the owner of this "Tianzi Tomb" is, there is still no conclusion, and it will be discussed after the end of the entire archaeological work, hoping to have the cultural relics of the tomb owner's identity unearthed. If Sun Xiu's tomb can finally be determined, many historical mysteries can be solved.
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