As an important part of China's excellent traditional culture, Song Yun culture is an important cultural symbol with Chinese style and Zhejiang recognition. The provincial party committee recently proposed the implementation of the Song Yun culture inheritance project, systematically carry out the song yun culture research and inheritance and the Southern Song Dynasty cultural brand building.
This afternoon, the Information Office of the Provincial Government held a press conference on the research results of Song Yun culture, released the latest achievements of Zhejiang Song Yun cultural research, and introduced the Song Yun cultural research plan.
At the scene, the publisher also answered the questions that everyone was concerned about.
What is the spiritual essence of Song Yun culture? How should the contemporary era be passed on and promoted?
Chen Ye introduced that by combing through the different forms of Song Yun culture, the spiritual essence of 6 aspects was initially proposed.
The first is the national spirit based on the Chinese identity. Even during the Liao, Song, and Xia Jin dynasties, the regimes did not depart from the political and cultural premise of Chinese identity, laying the cultural, political, social, and ethnic foundation for the further maturity of a unified multi-ethnic state.
The second is the patriotic spirit based on the feelings of home and country. Historically, the patriotic spirit of the society and the people of the Song Dynasty was manifested not only in defending sovereignty and safeguarding reunification, but also in the sense of responsibility of worrying about the country and the people and caring about internal affairs, which embodied the traditional virtues and excellent qualities of the sons and daughters of China.
The third is the open spirit based on overseas trade. The development of overseas trade during the Song Dynasty, especially during the Southern Song Dynasty, was also a process of forming an open spirit and producing a huge historical promotion effect. As a result, the Song Dynasty stepped onto the world economic stage and played an important role in it, and also achieved important internal economic, social and cultural progress.
The fourth is the creative spirit based on diversity and inclusiveness. The special circumstances of the times in the Song Dynasty brought about development difficulties and also stimulated a creative spirit that was different from the norm. The social environment atmosphere is relatively relaxed and inclusive, which promotes ideological emancipation and cultural innovation.
Fifth, it is based on the scientific spirit of exploration and truth-seeking. Scientific spirit and scientific and technological achievements are important driving forces for the progress of civilization. Gunpowder, compass, printing, agricultural science and technology, silk porcelain craftsmanship, navigation technology and many other scientific and technological achievements played a very important role in the formation of the peak of the civilization of the two Song Dynasties.
Sixth, the humanistic spirit based on social concerns. In the Song Dynasty, faced with internal and external troubles, the scholar group deeply cared about the fate of the homeland, actively participated in national governance, moral indoctrination, and order reconstruction, spread Confucianism into daily life, and became an important force in promoting social development.
Today, we can inherit and promote the Song Yun culture from the following aspects.
The first is to strengthen the identity of Chinese culture, safeguard national unity and national unity, and carry forward the spirit of patriotism. We should resolutely safeguard national unity and social harmony and stability, resolutely oppose any separatist activities that undermine reunification and unity, and jointly create the great cause of the complete reunification of the motherland and the great rejuvenation of the nation.
The second is to cultivate a pluralistic, inclusive, open and enterprising cultural mentality and world vision. Adhere to cultural traditions with national self-confidence, open up development space with diversity and inclusiveness, promote the prosperity of Chinese culture, and build a community with a shared future for mankind.
The third is to establish confidence and courage to climb the peak of science. Adhere to the road of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics, strive to master key technologies, achieve world-class scientific and technological achievements, and strive to create new achievements in the service of common prosperity.
The fourth is to encourage humanistic scholars to participate in social construction and promote ideological and cultural innovation. Attach importance to academic ideological innovation, build an ideological system in an all-round way, shape value concepts, and assume the responsibility of social construction and cultural innovation.
The fifth is to stimulate the awareness and action of creating with the times and advancing with the times. Stand firm in the historical position, seize the opportunity of development, and carry forward the national spirit of indomitable and hard work.
The sixth is to strengthen the construction quality of the Zhejiang project of culture in the new era. Accurately grasping the Song Yun culture and refining the excellent elements and cultural spirit can inject wisdom and charm from history into the construction of Zhejiang culture in the new era.
What are the Song Yun cultural research projects to be carried out by the Provincial Federation of Social Sciences?
Sheligan said that in Zhejiang's social science circles, the study of the history and culture of the two Song Dynasties has always attached great importance to it, mainly from several angles, such as combing the history of the Song Dynasty, the study of historical celebrities, and the collation of Zhejiang academic documents: the first is the study of the history of the Southern Song Dynasty, such as the "Complete History of the Southern Song Dynasty"; the second is the study of cultural celebrities of the Song Dynasty; the third type is the collection and collation of song dynasty art materials, such as the "Complete Collection of Song Paintings".
Focusing on the "Song Yun Cultural Inheritance Project", the third phase of the Zhejiang Cultural Research Project will focus on the research on the cultural connotation and eight major forms of Song Yun, and at the same time organize the collation of large-scale literature such as ideological genres, catalogs, books, gold stones, silks, and traditional Chinese medicine, and pay attention to the transformation of the contemporary value of Song Yun culture. Upcoming projects include:
The first is the "Song Studies Research Series" presided over by Professor Gong Yanming of Zhejiang University, which systematically sorts out and studies the political system, military system, civilian official name system, social management, traffic management, imperial examination, literature and other themes of the Song Dynasty.
The second is the "Study of the Yongjia School" presided over by Wang Yu, a researcher of the Provincial Academy of Social Sciences, and the research group plans to study the unique ideological innovation and academic achievements of the Yongjia School on the basis of literature collation.
The third is the "Zhejiang Song Dynasty Epitaph Inscription Integration" presided over by Zheng Jiali, a researcher at the Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, which intends to comprehensively and systematically sort out the Song Dynasty epitaph inscriptions in Zhejiang and form the basic data for the study of the history and culture of the Song Dynasty in Zhejiang.
The third phase of the project, on the basis of the first and second phases, in accordance with the requirements of "jumping out of the Southern Song Dynasty to see the Southern Song Dynasty, jumping out of Zhejiang to see the Southern Song Dynasty", expanded the breadth of research, enhanced the research intensity, and focused on strengthening the excavation of connotation value, so it is more planned and forward-looking.
What is the current situation in Hangzhou in the study of Song Yun culture? What are the next plans?
Zhuo Chao introduced that the Hangzhou Academy of Social Sciences set up the Research Center for the History of the Southern Song Dynasty in 2005, and after 16 years of efforts, it has compiled and published 110 monographs. The two series of "Southern Song Dynasty History Research Series" and "Southern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty Capital City Lin'an Research Series" have 98 volumes of 73 categories, filling in many gaps in academic research and basically restoring a real Southern Song Dynasty. Among them, the 8-volume "Complete History of the Southern Song Dynasty" is the most distinctive and representative, and is a condensed version of the 50-volume "Southern Song Dynasty History Research Series", which has important academic value and practical significance.
Next, the Hangzhou Federation of Social Sciences (Academy) focuses on these tasks:
Perseverance and continuous introduction of new research results. It is planned to publish more than 10 volumes of works related to Song Yun culture in the past two years.
Extend the working arm and establish the "Song Yun and Civilization Mutual Learning Research Center". Carry out academic research on Song Yun, Song Xue, and the exchange of extraterritorial civilizations in the Song Dynasty.
Increase the dissemination of Song Yun culture and organize a series of popularization activities. This year, two themes have been organized, one is the series of lectures on "Deoksugung Palace and Song Yun Culture", and the other is the theme lecture and exhibition of "Song Yun Zhiya". It will also organize the publication of the "Song Yun Hundred Lectures" series of books for young people, which is scheduled to be launched in 2022.
How to view the historical status of Zhejiang scholarship in the Song Dynasty? What's the implication for today?
Mei Xinlin introduced that in the process of compiling the Zhejiang Academic Chronicle, a major project of the Zhejiang Cultural Research Project, a new academic and cultural historical concept of the "four peaks" was discovered and refined.
From the perspective of the historical process of Zhejiang's academic culture, the change in the status of the literati group in Zhejiang has been on the margins before the Southern Song Dynasty, and after the Southern Song Dynasty, according to statistics, there are 502 famous writers in the Southern Song Dynasty, and 167 in Zhejiang, accounting for 33.2%. Lü Zuqian's "Lü Xue", Zhu Xi's "Zhu Xue" and Lu Jiuyuan's "Lu Xue" formed a trend of "three studies standing tall". In Zhejiang, there are also the three-legged standing of the Jinhua School, the Yongkang School and the Yongjia School, marking the formation of the first peak of Zhejiang academic culture. After the Southern Song Dynasty, Wang Yangming of the Ming Dynasty, Huang Zongxi of the Qing Dynasty, and modern Cai Yuanpei and Zhang Binglin, etc., successively formed the four major peaks of Zhejiang's academic culture.
From the perspective of the spiritual value of Zhejiang's academic culture, after the Southern Song Dynasty, the regional cultural spirit of Zhejiang gradually rose to the mainstream status through value reshaping, and then played a leading role. Among them, the core value is "applied through the ages, righteousness and profit at the same time", and this core value has continued to the three peaks of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty and the modern era, and it is still full of vitality and charm today.
Summarizing the "four peaks" of Zhejiang since the Southern Song Dynasty, there are six core elements, mainly academic masters, which are iconic, the academic school formed by academic masters, the academic thought formed by academic schools, and then this academic thought has academic innovation, evolved into academic classics, and finally has an important academic impact.
Among these six elements, the classic is the core, and many classics handed down from the Southern Song Dynasty to the present can still explore its important value through collation and summary. The soul is innovation. Through these core elements, a goal direction on the road to cultural rejuvenation needs to be made simultaneously in the above six aspects.
Some scholars say that "the culture of the Song Dynasty opened the last eight hundred years", how to understand this evaluation?
Lu Minzhen said that the so-called opening of the eight hundred years of the modern world, this eight hundred years is from the present time back to the past, the Ming Dynasty has already observed the opening significance of the Song Dynasty for future generations. Chen Bangzhan, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, said that the state system, folk customs, and ideas advocated by the intellectual class that were practiced at that time were inherited from the Song Dynasty. This view of history, which holds that chinese history after the Song Dynasty developed along the basic pattern determined by the Song Dynasty, has held the same view in modern times. The so-called Song Dynasty began the eight-hundred-year history of the modern world, which is the observation and summary of several generations of scholars, and it is a consensus.
How to understand the modern culture opened by the Song Dynasty? There have been many discussions by different scholars. From the perspective of the evolution of Chinese culture, Chen Yinke pointed out that "the culture of the Chinese nation, which has evolved over thousands of years, was created in the world of Zhao and Song Dynasties"; Deng Guangming discussed from the time series, saying that "the development of Song Dynasty culture not only surpassed the Tang Dynasty before it, but also was beyond the reach of the Yuan and Ming dynasties that lived after it." Chinese scholars believe so, and many Western scholars hold the same view. Professor Fairbank of Harvard University said that the Song Dynasty was the greatest period in Chinese history; Japanese scholars argue that the Song Dynasty was the era of renaissance and economic revolution in Chinese history, believing that Chinese culture "surpassed West Asia and ranked at the forefront of the world in the Song Dynasty."
The particularity and importance of the Song Dynasty in Chinese history, and its shaping role in Chinese history deserve careful comment. Take the official selection system as an example: in the Song Dynasty, the imperial examination system introduced many detailed rules, such as "locking the court", "pasting names", "avoiding", "transcription" and so on. In addition to the imperial examination, the Song Dynasty also had a door yin to enter the army, but the status was not high, to become an influential high-ranking official, you must have a jinshi origin, therefore, the real talent and practical scholars would rather give up the opportunity of the door yin to enter the shi and go to the science field to compete openly.
Under the design of the imperial examination system of "taking soldiers without asking about family lineage", in order to win in the field of science, the academy came into being, talents began to flow across regions, and the engraving and book industry developed rapidly. The distribution of talents has also changed greatly. The areas where talents came from the Tang Dynasty were mainly in Longyou (now the Guanzhong region), and the Song Dynasty gradually shifted to Jiangzuo (now the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River). In the Ming Dynasty, there were simply north and south lists, but the Jinshi Gaodi, especially the top three, were mainly from the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions.
The implementation of the Song Yun cultural inheritance project is of far-reaching significance to the revitalization of old topics in academic research and the promotion of excellent traditional culture.