Emperor Taizong of Jin, Sima Yu (320 – September 12, 372), courtesy name Daowan. The younger son of Sima Rui, emperor of the Jin Dynasty, he was the eighth emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the Seven Dynasties of Li Shiyuan, Ming, Cheng, Kang, Mu, Ai, and Emperor Fu, he first created the King of Langyue, and then the King of Hui, and successively served as a regular attendant, a right general, and a general of Fujun. After Emperor Mu ascended the throne, Empress Dowager Chu was sent to the throne, and Sima Yu was promoted to the post of Grand General of the Fu Army and Lu Shangshu Liushi, and co-assisted with He Chong.
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After He Chong's death, Sima Yu was promoted to the throne and later promoted to Situ. After Huan Wen became a Han Dynasty, his authority became increasingly powerful, and Sima Yu introduced the famous soldier Yin Hao and other confrontations, but Yin Hao had a name for himself, and he failed in the Northern Expedition, and was eventually deposed by Huan Wen. After the deposed emperor Sima Yi ascended the throne, Sima Yu once again moved to the throne of Langyue, and then took the throne as a chancellor and recorded Shang Shushi. After Huan Wen deposed Sima Yi, Sima Yu was made emperor. Sima Yu died of grief after 8 months of reign, at the age of 53, with the courtesy name Emperor Jianwen and the temple name Taizong. He was buried in GaopingLing (高平陵, in present-day jiangning county, jiangsu province) in the southwest of Jiangshan Mountain. There are five volumes of anthologies (one volume of the Sui Book of Classics) that have been passed down to the world.
Sima Yu was good at qing talk, and history called it "Qing Huan And Widowhood, Especially Good Xuan Yan", which can be described as a veritable Qing Tan Emperor, and under his advocacy, the metaphysics before the middle of the Eastern Jin Dynasty showed a rich development. The Chunhua Ge Ti contains his calligraphy work Qing Zhi Ti.
How did Sima Yu die?
Although Sima Yu was emperor, he was actually like a puppet, did not dare to say much, and was afraid of being deposed by Huan Wen. At that time, Sima Yu saw that Ying was confused into the Taiwei Wall, because there was also the same celestial phenomenon when the Deposed Emperor of Jin was deposed, so he was very uneasy, and even asked Huan Wen, who was also a close associate of Huan Wen and his former subordinate, whether Huan Wen would do the abolition again. Xi Chao asserted: "Sima Da is stabilizing the country internally and opening up the country externally, and the subject is willing to use more than a hundred mouths in his family to guarantee that no abnormal events will occur." When Xi Chao was anxious to take a leave of absence to go back to visit his father (Xi Yu, loyal to the Jin Room), Sima Yu said: "Tell your father that the affairs of the clan state have reached such a point because shuo cannot use morality to correct the guards, and he is ashamed and sighed so much that how can he express it in words!" Then he chanted a poem of interpretation: "The heroes are in pain, and the loyal subjects mourn the humiliation of the Lord." The chant burst into tears and wet the hem of his clothes. Sima Yu also became angry and sick.
In July of the second year of Xian'an (September 7, 372), Sima Yu was ill and summoned Huan Wen to the imperial auxiliary government, and issued four edicts a day and a night, but Huan Wen could not resign. On the 28th (September 12), Sima Yu made Sima Yao crown prince. Before his death, Sima Yu wrote a will and testament, asking Huan Wen to live in accordance with the precedent of the Duke of Zhou, and even wrote: "A young son can be assisted by those who are supplemented, and if they are not, the king will take it himself." In the face of Huan Wen's ambitions, this move almost gave way to the country. Wang Tanzhi personally tore up the will in front of Sima Yu, and Sima Yu said: "The Jin Dynasty was only obtained by accident because of good luck, and what dissatisfaction do you have with this decision?" Wang Tanzhi said, "The World of the Jin Dynasty was founded by Emperor Xuan (Sima Yi) and Emperor Yuan (Sima Rui), so how can Your Majesty act alone?" Sima Yu then ordered Wang Tanzhi to rewrite the edict, writing: "All family and state affairs are reported to Sima Da, such as the old practice of Zhuge Wuhou (Zhuge Liang) and Wang Cheng Xiang (Wang Dao). Huan Wen was disappointed when he saw it. On the same day, Sima Yu died in Dongtang at the age of fifty-three. On the eighth day of the first month of October (November 19), he was buried in Gaoping Mausoleum, with the temple name Taizong and the courtesy name Emperor Jianwen.
Where is Sima Yu's tomb?
Sima Yu's tomb group was discovered in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and consisted of three ancient tombs from the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Cultural relics experts said that this is the first time in Wuhan that an ancient tomb group with a clear Inscription of the Eastern Jin Dynasty has been found, which truly reflects the characteristics of the burial of the shi clan at that time.
The ancient tombs are buried side by side facing north and south, facing the water and the ridge. The spacing, length and width of the three ancient tombs are three to four meters, three to four points one five meters and one point two five to one point four two meters, the tombs are rectangular brick chamber vault tombs, the wall bricks are used "three flat and one servant" alternating masonry, and there is a square brick niche in the middle of the back wall. According to research, this ancient tomb group is the tomb of Sima Yu, the Emperor of Jianwen, which has been more than 1,600 years ago.
Thirteen pieces of celadon, pottery and iron have been excavated from the three tombs. More importantly, in Tomb No. 3, located on the east side of the terrace, two epoch-old inscription bricks with the words "Xian'an Second Year Hai ri" were unearthed. The inscription brick is 29.5 cm long, 13 cm wide and 4 cm thick, and the horizontal sides of the brick are molded with three square hole copper coins.
According to reports, when Xinguang Village, Baohai Town, Jiangxia District, Wuhan City, was building a village-level road, bulldozers launched these three ancient tombs. At that time, the arched brick roof of the tomb was destroyed. When the local government learned of this, it immediately sent someone to protect the scene. The Wuhan Archaeological Institute and the Jiangxia District Cultural Relics Management Institute jointly formed a team to carry out rescue excavations of ancient tombs.
Experts from the Jiangxia District Museum in Wuhan said that the discovery of a clear group of ancient tombs with inscriptions from the Eastern Jin Dynasty is the first time in the Wuhan area. The discovery of this ancient tomb group has obtained important physical materials for the study of the 3,500-year-old River city of Wuhan, and has also established a dating ruler for the tombs of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in this area, which has extremely important archaeological value.