Rice blossom incense said that in the good year, crab feet climbing crab claws appeared. The Golden Autumn Festival, the "1+n" series of activities of the Tianjin Chinese Farmers Harvest Festival, will continue until November. In Ninghe District, activities such as the "Small Station Fragrant Cup" High-quality Rice Saving and Income Increase Competition, the "Rice Crab - Field Adoption" harvesting experience, fish and crab fishing, river fish and rice field crab exhibition and sale are flourishing.
In the footage of the live broadcast sales of xiaozhan rice, the river crab who was disturbed by the anchor successfully changed from cameo to c position, attracting the attention of many netizens. This river crab grows in the Seven Mile Sea in the Ninghe District with seven smoke waves and huge reeds. It is one of the world's three famous ancient coastal wetlands, and every spring, summer and autumn there are a variety of water birds and rare birds inhabiting and breeding, which can be called "Beijing-Tianjin green lung" and "natural oxygen bar". Having made a new friend of Xiaozhan Dao, the brand development of today's Qilihai River Crab has been more integrated into the ecological novelty.
The Qilihai Wetland has a water area of 35,000 mu, with long rivers, swamps and reeds, and is an important stop and transit station for migratory birds. The complete water system, rich microorganisms, diverse food sources, and unique geographical advantages have bred the seven-mile sea river crab, which is small but has a sweet flesh and a thick yellow paste.
In September 2014, Tianjin passed legislation to delineate the scope of permanent ecological protection redlines. According to the Regulations on the Management of Permanently Protected Ecological Areas in Tianjin, the Seven Caspian Sea Wetlands will no longer carry out tourism business activities. At the same time, Ninghe District transferred 68,400 mu of land in the core area, and quieted the wetland through a 49-kilometer fence. The Qilihai Wetland began to implement a series of projects such as water source regulation and storage, reed sea restoration, bird protection, and biological chain restoration.
Tranquility also gave the wetlands the opportunity to dive into the rice fields. After withdrawing from the wetland reserve, the "Seven Caspian River Crab" has not disappeared as a well-known brand, and with the "dating" small station rice, it has become more distinctive and pure-blooded.
On the day of this year's Farmers' Harvest Festival, the three farmers in Ninghe District expressed their wishes and voices through the "Feng 'Ning' Face" produced by xinhua news agency clients. "Make the Xiangning River Qilihai River Crab brand bigger, let the Qilihai River Crab go out of the Ninghe River and become a local or even national-level high-quality agricultural product." Du Naihe, general manager of Tianjin Jiurun Modern Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., said so. Dunahe has been farming river crabs for 30 years. The citizens who travel by car pass by the base of the old crab farmer Du Naihe, and many people stop and ask, "Look at the many crabs in your field, can you catch some fish?" Old Du waved his hand and never received. When asked in a hurry, Lao Du provided other crab garden phones to take away the guests, and the workers were puzzled, and Lao Du did not earn money. Lao Du wants to engage in the great cause of the seven-mile sea crab seed industry.
A few years ago, Ninghe District began to build high-standard farmland and vigorously develop small station rice planting. The farmland after ecological water transfer and water replenishment allows water to go directly to the field, laying an ecological foundation for rice and crab polyculture. Du Naihe led the breeding enterprise from the initial seedlings to raise crabs, to the construction of the Seven Caspian Sea wild river crab seedling base, breeding pure varieties by themselves. Du Yuchao, the company's sales director, said: "This year we set up a company to achieve factory seedlings, starting from the breeding of big-eyed flesh, about 80,000 crab seedlings per kilogram, to gradually cultivating 70-80 crab seeds per kilogram. It takes two years to go from crab fry to button crab to adult crab. He said that the seed source is the key to ensuring the brand of the Seven Caspian Sea River Crab, and the base has realized the local self-breeding of river crabs. The company joined hands with Professor Sun Jinsheng, Dean of the School of Life Sciences of Tianjin Normal University, Senior Engineer Geng Xuyun of Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute and other experts, and specially hired river crab breeding expert Zhang Baoguo and other technical forces to ensure the pure breeding of Qilihai river crab.
"Last year, the base sold 100,000 kilograms of buckle crabs, and with the polyculture of rice crabs being optimistic, 800,000 kilograms of buckle crabs were sold this year, and next year should be the 'big year' of the harvest of crabs in the Qilihai River." Du Naihe, head of the Seven Caspian Wild River Crab Nursery Base, said that the sale of buckle crabs has long been out of Ninghe District, all over Tianjin's Jinghai District, Dongli District and Jizhou District, and has realized the promotion of Qilihai River crab varieties in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
Behind the hot sales of crab seedlings and crabs, it also depends on the promotion of rice and fishery polyculture by the Tianjin Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee. "The city's small station rice planting area is 1 million mu, and the rice-fishery polyculture reaches 500,000 mu, and 90% of it is rice and crab polyculture." Sun Zhijing, director of the Fisheries Department of the Tianjin Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee, introduced that Tianjin has the goal of "one field, two uses" and "one water and two harvests", and has arranged funds of 20 million yuan since 2020 to increase support for the construction of a new rice-fishery polyculture base of 100,000 mu.
"In 2020, we contracted 1375 mu of rice planting, and this year applied for 700 mu of rice and fishery comprehensive planting and breeding demonstration projects, with a government subsidy of 200 yuan per mu of land." Farmer Zhang Hong went from a big planter to a big farmer. His Hongpeng family farm, located in Mahua Village, Miaozhuang Town, Ninghe District, is one of the 60,000 mu of rice-fishery polyculture bases built in Tianjin this year. This year, Tianjin involves a total of 102 business units in 9 agriculture-related areas.
"The yield of rice on the farm is expected to be 750 kilograms, the yield of river crab is about 12-15 kilograms per mu, and the two comprehensive yields are expected to be 700-800 yuan per mu." What makes Zhang Hong and the farmers happy is not only the increase in income, but also the breakthrough in rice and crab breeding technology. For many rice farmers in Ninghe District, rice field crabs are not strangers, and there are pictures of harvesting rice and catching crabs in childhood memories. The rice field crabs that I saw as a child have no cost and are additional benefits, but today's Qilihai River crab farming has new needs for multi-link technical learning such as seed selection, scientific feeding, disease control, and temporary rearing of adult crabs. Tianjin has formulated 7 technical guidance materials such as the "Technical Service Manual for Comprehensive Rice and Fishery Breeding", and the cultivation of Seven Caspian River Crabs has its own "textbook".
"This year is really busy, I have taken all kinds of classes eight or nine times, learning about breeding techniques and good experience everywhere." Zhang Hong not only participated in the technical training courses and on-site observation meetings held by the Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center, but also formed an online mutual aid group with more than 300 "classmates" in the same period. In 2021, Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute and Tianjin Freshwater Aquaculture Industry Technology System held 9 rice fishery breeding technology training courses and on-site observation meetings, with a total of 348 trainings, and carried out technical docking, on-site guidance and online consultation for relevant farmers.
Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center and its affiliated Municipal Fisheries Institute, Tianjin Epidemic Control Center, and Tianjin Quality Inspection Center have established 11 technical service groups to provide technical services for the whole process of rice field crab breeding at the grass-roots level, and assist farmers to complete the purchase of crab seedlings, disease and environmental monitoring. In the continuous promotion of technology, rice and crab polyculture has developed from a demonstration base to individual farmers, and rice crab farming has become the norm in many agriculture-related areas such as Ninghe District.
The three-dimensional cultivation of rice crabs suitable for seven Caspian river crabs has higher ecological requirements for the growth environment of rice and river crabs. River crabs grow to avoid high concentrations of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and prefer rich microorganisms and humus; To ensure the survival of river crabs and increase rice production, Tianjin has submitted an answer with a full ecological planting system.
A few days ago, at the on-site observation meeting of Tianjin High-quality Agricultural Products Development Demonstration Center (Tianjin Original Seed Farm), the ecological planting demonstration area that integrated planting technologies such as organic fertilizer, biological fungal agent, biological plant protection, and water degradation and conservation, the Qilihai River crab ushered in the "Adult Crab Competition".
"The average weight of the crabs in the traditional planting method is about 2 taels, and the ecological planting area reaches 3-3.5 taels, and each adult crab increases by about 1 tael." Wang Fengxing, director of the Planting Industry Department of Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center, introduced at the agricultural site meeting that in this 1,000-acre small station rice ecological demonstration area, the use of ecological planting technologies such as biological fungal agents reduces the use of urea by 20 jin per mu, reduces the use of artificial and 2 pesticides, and increases production by more than 10% compared with traditional planting.
"Adjust the balance of soil ph and ec values through the active bacteria, create a better soil environment, and the abundant microbial water body is more suitable for the growth of rice crabs." Yang Guishuang, general manager of Tianjin Luyang Agricultural Co., Ltd., introduced that the company cooperated with the original seed farm in Tianjin to apply ecological planting methods to the three-dimensional polyculture of Xiaozhan rice and Qilihai river crab in the third year, and in contrast to the traditional breeding methods, rice and crabs have achieved higher returns.
"The most on the ecological planting method is about 210 grains on the 1 panicle, and in the contrast field, the same variety is 1 ear 1 is 150-170 grains." Zhang Jinsong of Jiahe Golden Autumn Grain Planting Family Farm in Ninghe District is full of confidence in the harvest of his own small station rice planting this year, and the possible yield reduction caused by polyculture river crabs in the past has also been alleviated. Zhang Jinsong, who has only been farming for 5 years, under the guidance of professional planting institutions such as Tianjin High-quality Agricultural Products Development Demonstration Center (Tianjin Original Seed Farm) and Tianjin Luyang Agricultural Co., Ltd., the ecological breeding technology has been rapidly improved, and the "wise farming field" has been realized.
This time, he used the ecological planting mode to regulate soil salt damage, increased the content of microorganisms and probiotics, and the 500 mu of small station rice planted on trial was growing happily compared with the comparison field of more than 800 mu next to it; On the other side, the 500 acres of rice and crab polyculture field also ushered in a bumper harvest of Seven Caspian River crabs. The new planting method adopts the comprehensive healthy planting methods such as improving the soil with bacterial liquid and customizing fertilizer input, and Zhang Jinsong is only 50% of the original planting method in terms of overall fertilizer and drug input, while the yield per ear is increased by nearly 20%-30%; Coupled with the sales income of about 10 kilograms per mu of land, the goal of double harvest in one field has been truly achieved.
Since the beginning of this year, Tianjin has further promoted the development of agricultural products of the "Jinnong Boutique" brand, established the Jinnong Boutique Exhibition Center, and passed the offline flagship store and the sub-center of agricultural products display in various districts; Online experts live broadcast, explain sales and other ways to further promote Tianjin's characteristic agricultural brands such as Qilihai River Crab, so that brands that represent Tianjin taste, gourmet taste and high taste in line with the actual development of urban agriculture will go to the whole country.
Farmer Daily, China Rural Network reporter Jin Huiying, Lin Dandan