On the fourth day of June in the ninth year of Wu De, Li Shimin launched the Xuanwumen Rebellion, killing the crown prince Li Jiancheng and the Qi king Li Yuanji. Li Yuan had no choice but to make Li Shimin the crown prince. When Li Shimin was crown prince, he firmly grasped the power in his hands. Li Yuan became a puppet emperor and could only issue an edict to give the emperor's throne to Li Shimin. Li Shimin pretended to be embarrassed and gave in, and he accepted Li Yuan's Zen concession.
After Li Shimin ascended the throne and became emperor, in order to appease the various forces in the imperial court, forty-three meritorious men were appointed and generous rewards were given to them. This award occurred in October of the ninth year of Wu De, and the person who ranked first among the forty-three meritorious heroes was Pei Ning, the most powerful prime minister during the Wu De years.
In everyone's impression, as long as it is Li Shimin's ranking of heroes, the first place is definitely the eldest grandson. The eldest grandson Wuji has long dominated the first position of the meritorious heroes, that is, after Pei Huan's bad luck. When Pei Huan was not unlucky, he also occupied the list of heroes for a long time. Pei Ning played a great role in the founding war of the Tang Dynasty, but later it was a wordless ending, the main reason is because he did not know how to advance or retreat.
When Li Yuan ascended the throne and became emperor, he was appointed as the founder of the country from the seventeenth hero. Li Shimin ranked first, and Pei Ning ranked second. Pei Ning's merit and status can be seen from this. In addition to his own son, Li Yuan's most trusted person was Pei Huan. Pei Was a little overwhelmed by the Heavenly Son's Holy Family.
Li Jiancheng stills, played by the famous film and television star Mr. Qiao Zhenyu.
The New Book of Tang records that after Li Yuan became emperor, he had a fairly good relationship with Pei Huan. Li Yuan often invited Pei Huan to sit on the dragon bed with him. Pei Huan was also honest and unpretentious, and sat on the dragon bed with Li Yuan.
The minister Liu Wenjing couldn't take it anymore, so he said to Li Yuan: "The Son of Heaven is like the sun, and the sun should be high above, so that all things can enjoy the sunshine." The sun is not far from all things, and everything will be heated to death. The Son of Heaven should keep a distance from his courtiers, just as the sun should keep a distance from all things, which is the way of heaven and cannot be violated. (The emperor sits on a strict throne, and quibbles to the seat of his courtiers, and this king leads the so-called sun to the same as all things.) ）“
When Liu Wenjing said this, although he did not name names, clear-eyed people could see that Liu Wenjing was talking about Pei Ning and Dou Kang. Only these two people often went to the emperor's dragon bed and sat down.
Dou Kang later also knew that he had gone too far, so he took the initiative to alienate Li Yuan. Pei Huan not only did not admit his mistake, but instead got into a fight with Liu Wenjing. In Liu Wenjing's death, Pei Huan was one of the main responsible persons, and perhaps there could be no one.
When Li Yuan was in the dynasty, Pei Huan, as the first hero of the foreign surname, could be said to be giving and taking. Pei Huan was the first prime minister of the Wude Dynasty and had a high prestige in the dynasty. Pei Huan's power is powerful, and protégés are all over the world. After Li Shimin ascended the throne and became emperor, he also had to rely on Pei Huan, plus Pei Huan really made great contributions, so he was also ranked by Li Shimin in the position of the first meritorious person.
Liu Wenjing stills, played by the famous film and television star Mr. Lu Xing.
Li Shimin crowned Pei Huan as Sikong and made Pei Huan the third duke. During the Tang Dynasty, the three dukes held the largest official position, but they had no real power, and it was generally an honorary position for the deceased hero. Li Shimin let the living Pei Huan rank as the third duke, which can be said to have given Pei Huan enough face.
Li Shimin rewarded Pei Huan and gave him 1,500 households. Everyone should know that Li Shimin's brother-in-law, Changsun Wuji, and Li Shimin's number one thug, Wei Jingde, had only received 1,300 households. Qin Qiong and Cheng Yaojin were two fierce generals, and only seven hundred households were also given. Pei Huan's food was a hundred more than Qin Qiong and Cheng Yaojin combined, and Li Shimin could be said to have given Pei Huan enough face.
Li Shimin was an ideal emperor, and not long after he ascended the throne as emperor, he dismissed officials on a large scale. In doing so, Li Shimin was emulating Emperor Wen of Sui and solving the problem of "ten sheep and nine shepherds".
The eldest grandson is still, played by the famous film and television star Mr. Wang Yichun.
In order to win the hearts and minds of the people during the Founding War of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan sealed many officials and knights. The title of the king of the county alone has been sealed dozens. The titles of dukes, county dukes, county dukes, county uncles, county sons, and county barons below the county king are even more numerous like carps crossing the river. Li Yuanguang's official title created the situation of "ten sheep and nine shepherds".
The most direct result of the ten sheep and nine shepherds is that the imperial court has too many years. The imperial court spent a lot of money on the years, so it could only increase the revenue of the imperial court. If the imperial court wanted to increase its revenue, it could only increase the people's taxes.
At that time, in the Tang Dynasty, the society stood on the ruins of the hill. The country has no accumulation of years, and the people have no grain of green and yellow. Li Shimin did not want to increase the people's taxes, so he could only save the imperial court's annual expenses. In order to save the imperial court's annual expenditure, it was necessary to dismiss the official titles.
Li Shimin said one sentence at a time: "To govern the world, I am the people, and I do not want to work for the people to support my own relatives." Then he took his uncles and brothers and demoted dozens of cousins from county kings to dukes. After Li Shimin took the knife of his own relatives and set an example for the world, he began the work of assessing officials.
Through the examination, Li Shimin dismissed a large number of unqualified officials. The Zizhi Tongjian records that after Li Shimin's drastic abolition, there were only more than 600 officials (excluding local officials) left in the Tang court. Li Shimin's good governance of abolishing officials won the unanimous support of the common people and the unanimous praise of DanShu Qingshi, but it was strongly opposed by Xun Gui, headed by Pei Ning.
Li Yuan stills, played by the famous film and television star Mr. Kou Zhenhai.
Pei Ning opposed Li Shimin's dismissal of officials, mainly out of selfishness. Many of the officials that Li Shimin dismissed were Pei Ning's protégés. Pei Ning saw that his own interests were damaged, so he disregarded the overall situation and took the lead in opposing Li Shimin's new policy.
Pei Ning's opposition to the dismissal of officials is only a microcosm of his performance in the early years of Zhenguan. In the Zhenguan Dynasty, Pei Huan was the spokesman of the old courtiers' forces, always acting as a vanguard against Li Shimin's new policies.
Li Shimin rewarded Pei Huan and gave Pei Huan enough face. Li Shimin had hoped to get Pei Ning's support in order to reduce the resistance to the implementation of the New Deal. Pei Huan did not know how to lift up, and he opposed Li Shimin everywhere, so that Li Shimin's new policy was full of resistance. The various deeds of Pei Ning and other old ministers made Li Shimin intolerable, so he decided to kick out the old ministers who were in the way.
When Li Shimin wanted to kick Pei Ning, Pei Huan still did not know how to restrain himself, and he was reported as a result. Someone accused Pei Ning of befriending the demon monk Faya and allowing The Faya to deceive the public. Li Shimin sent someone to investigate and convicted Pei Ning. Li Shimin counted Pei Ning's guilt and believed that Pei Ning had committed four capital crimes. One of them is: "The rise of the country is all its strategy."
Pei Ning stills, played by the famous film and television star Mr. Ge Zhijun.
Pei Huan spread the world's propaganda, Datang can have the world, it is all his credit, which emperor can tolerate such a minister? It can be seen from this that Pei Huan really does not know how to advance or retreat.
Why did Li Shimin convict Pei Oflan of four capital crimes? The reason was simple, Li Yuan had given Pei Huan an edict to avoid death twice. Li Shimin convicted Pei Oflan of four capital offenses, spared him from death twice, and could kill him twice.
After Li Shimin convicted Pei Huan of four capital crimes, he told the world: "I want to kill Pei Ning, not without reason. Not killing Pei Huan is a great grace of heaven, remembering that he has made meritorious achievements and giving him a chance to reform himself. “
Although Li Shimin did not kill Pei Ning, he removed Pei Ning from his official position. Pei Huan's title was also demoted, and the food was also cut in half, leaving only 750 households. Pei Ning also wanted to stay in the capital to eat Taiping Fenglu, but Li Shimin resolutely refused to agree and demoted him to an official.
Pei Huan was a lot older, still displaced, and finally died in the debasement center. Li Shimin did not kill Pei Ning, but Pei Ning was forced to die by Li Shimin, and there is no doubt about this.
Li Shimin stills, played by the famous film and television star Mr. Yu Shaoqun.
After Pei's death, Li Shimin posthumously honored him as xiangzhou assassin, gongbu shangshu, and duke of Hedong county. Ordinary ministers, after death, will be promoted to higher ranks. For example, Liu Hongji, who was a general of Sanpin when he was alive, was posthumously honored as a yi tongsan division from yipin kaifu.
Another example is Wei Chi Jingde, who was from Yipin Kaifu Yi Tongsan Division when he was alive, and was posthumously awarded the title of Yipin Sangong (一品三公). When Pei Huan was alive, he once served as a pint and a three dukes. After Pei Huan's death, he only received the posthumous title of Sanpin Shangshu, which can be said to be a very failure.
In my opinion: "Pei Huan went high and low, as the first meritorious servant appointed by Li Shimin, he lost the election of Ling Yange Meritorious Servant and was forced to die by Li Shimin." The main reason is because he doesn't know where to go. To be a person, you still have to put yourself in the right position, don't rely on the old seller to do it with the boss. “
Bibliography: New Book of Tang. Biography of Pei Ning", "Zizhi Tongjian", "Notes on Datang Entrepreneurship"
"Sui and Tang Dynasty Past" series of posts, original by Wang Fuxing. Code words are not easy, please respect the original, unauthorized, reproduction is strictly prohibited. I have signed a contract with a rights protection company to entrust a rights protection company to protect my rights. Unauthorized reprinters, the rights protection company will defend the rights on behalf of the person.