Although it is already autumn, I still want to capture the afterglow of summer, after all, supper and beer are really too fragrant! Crayfish along the street, drunken shrimp drunken crab, spicy field snails, fish raw as thin as cicada wings... Talking about this, I paused for a while and ordered a takeaway.
But have you noticed that there have been more news about parasitic infections recently. For example, eating raw crabs causes a variety of parasitic infections, triggering cerebral hemorrhage and organ failure.
Even the lungs are eaten out of the hole by the parasite.
Eating sashimi gets liver fluke disease, and finally the bile is pumped out of liver flukes.
Parasites caused by raw seafood eating are still common, and there are also parasites that eat salads. Even cut the raw meat on the board to cut cooked food, the result is infected with parasitic diseases.
From seafood, beef and pork, down to vegetables and fruits, there are parasites? What kind of sashimi can be eaten with confidence? How can parasitic diseases be prevented?
First of all, it must be said that the above-mentioned seafood, beef, pork, chicken, vegetables and fruits may have parasites – this statement is true. In fact, some untreated water sources may also have parasites.
Most of the parasitic diseases we are infected with are foodborne parasitic diseases. That is, the cause of the disease is eating parasite-containing foods that have not been thoroughly heated. This determines whether we are infected with parasitic diseases and has an important relationship with eating habits. With the increasing pursuit of the delicious and original taste of ingredients, sashimi, mustard octopus, raw beef, etc., this kind of food that has only been simply processed, is sought after in the name of freshness and health. Even the hot pot shabu-shabu in order to seek tenderness, began to pay attention to seven up and eight down... Parasites have become the worms that slip through the net under the modern way of eating.
Formerly a parasitic disease was a "disease of poverty", and now it is a "disease of wealth".
Most of the common parasitic diseases mentioned above in our lives are foodborne parasitic diseases.
Foodborne parasitic diseases are divided into six broad categories:
Meat: Common in domestic animals such as pigs, cows and chickens, and pets such as cats and dogs may also be infected. It is more common in swine/bovine tapeworm disease, trichinellasis, toxoplasmosis, cysticercosis and meatysporosis.
Fish: Commonly found in fish and shrimp. Multiple mycodychiatosis (liver flukes), isokan nematode disease, Fujian spinous trematodiasis, leptoscanthal monotestosteriasis, etc.
Crustaceans: commonly found in brook crabs, cockroaches (crayfish), etc., with multiple Wilson's trematodiasis (lung tremass).
Frogs, snakes: common in frogs and snakes, polyflora of Taeniasis, tongue worm disease, schizocephalus.
Snails: river snails, Fushou snails, snails and other freshwater snails, multiple guangzhou pipe roundworm disease, Xu's pseudo-bare-stemmed trematosis.
Plants: Commonly found in lotus roots, water chestnuts, diamond horns, cress and other aquatic plants. There are many occurrences of ginger flakes, ascariasis and whipworm disease.
This paragraph is more cumbersome, and I believe that everyone has not remembered it.
But the main purpose is to let friends see which meat and dishes are on the list, and when they eat it later, they can be fully cooked.
In particular, pork, snails, crabs, etc., are not suitable for raw meat themselves, even if they are processed to half cooked, they cannot be imported.
Taking snail meat as an example, cheap Fushou snails are often used by unscrupulous merchants to impersonate field snails. There may be 3,000 to 6,000 parasites in a Fushou snail. Because of the accidental consumption of Fushou snail, there are not a few people infected with parasitic diseases.
In fact, raw fish meat must be frozen. According to the International Codex Alimentarius, edible aquatic products need to be frozen at -20 °C for 7 days, or -35 °C for 20 hours to ensure that the parasites are effectively killed.
According to domestic regulations, marine fish need to have a core temperature below -18 °C to meet the standard after rapid freezing.
However, in order to maintain the tender taste of meat, some stores will choose to cut it freshly. This sashimi is completely untreated and has a higher risk of infection. Even if cut as thin as a cicada wing, multiplied by the size of the parasite egg 70-105 microns by the size of 50-80 microns, it is not visible to the naked eye.
Whether you will be infected with parasites after eating it depends on whether your life is good or not. Therefore, if you want to eat sashimi, it is best to go to a regular store, and the processing process is relatively standard. Even if something goes wrong, you can afford to lose money.
Here are a few small misconceptions about fish raw:
Q1: When eating raw fish, dipping in soy sauce/mustard/white wine can kill parasites?
A: No.
Researchers have done specialized experiments. Soaking the larvae in condiments such as mustard vinegar can survive for up to 55 minutes. If it is a liver fluke (common in freshwater fish and shrimp), it can even survive in soy sauce vinegar for 2 to 5 hours. It's hard to tell if it drowned for a long time... Drunken shrimp and drunken crabs that are not cooked and soaked in wine are not guaranteed to be safe.
So don't expect to take a sip of wine and a mouthful of meat to disinfect it. We're drunk, and bugs won't get drunk.
Q2: There are no parasites in marine fish, only freshwater fish?
A: There are all, but the types are different.
How did this rumor come about? The truth is that the parasites on marine fish are very different from the parasitic environment and the human environment (high seawater seepage pressure), so the risk of infecting people is relatively low. But there are also mammals in the sea, and people are also mammals, and if you think about it, you know that you can't be completely spared. For example, the infamous xenocephalus is the bane of marine fish infections. However, compared with the various types of trematodes parasitic in freshwater fish, if you must eat them raw, you can't eat them raw, and the risk of choosing marine fish is relatively low.
Infected parasites often do not have a clear pathology, but several of a series of reactions.
Such as unexplained headaches, fevers, abdominal pain and diarrhea, cough, chest pain, coughing up blood, white worms in excrement, etc. Possibly, there are no symptoms at all (there is an incubation period for infection).
So, if in doubt, the best thing to do is to go to the hospital's infection department for a check-up.
Most parasitic diseases can be detected by stool testing, and students who are not at ease can add blood tests, ultrasound B ultrasound and CT as auxiliary examinations. If the local hospital is unable to test for parasites, you can also go to the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
There are many students who like to eat raw and will take insecticide drugs regularly. More common are albendazole drugs, also known as intestinal worms.
However, it is not recommended that students who do not understand the situation eat blindly. One aspect is to avoid drug allergies, or encephalitis and liver and kidney damage caused by adverse drug reactions. On the other hand, it is not clear which species of parasites in the body belong to, to what stage of development, blind eating may also stimulate the parasites in the body.
How to control parasites? The easiest way to do this is to cook! Whether meat or vegetables are cooked, it is a parasite before cooking, and it is protein after cooking.
So eating crayfish infects the parasite with this rumor, unless you eat half-cooked crayfish. Most of the food is steamed in a pot for 10-15 minutes to kill all larvae and adults.
Even if you want to eat raw vegetables, try to blanch them with boiling water after washing. In particular, the aquatic plants mentioned above, such as lotus root, water chestnut, diamond horn, cress, etc., must be boiled with water to be safer.
Secondly, it can also be frozen. Household refrigerator at -20 ° C, freezing for no less than 7 days can kill some of the parasites in the meat. But different types of parasites need to be frozen for different amounts of time. For example, some trematodes (common in freshwater fish) are recommended for cooking if they are more resistant to freezing and are still likely to survive after seven days.
Finally, pay attention to in life:
1. Separation of raw and cooked: Do not cut cooked food with cutting cutting boards and knives through raw meat. Vessels containing raw meat can also lead to parasitic infections.
2. When cooking meat, you can cook it before you fry it.
3. When eating hot pot, make sure that the meat is cooked before eating, and it is best to use chopsticks to sandwich raw meat.
4. Vegetables and fruits that need raw food must be cleaned before being imported, and can also be soaked in brine.
5. Pets at home need to check the deworming regularly, do not feed the cats and dogs with undercooked fish and shrimp (to prevent infection).
6. Wash your hands with running water soap before meals, after going to the toilet, after catching fish or touching raw meat.
7. Most of the wild is not as clean as the artificially raised.
Friends don't have to worry too much about the parasite problem, most of the meat in circulation on the market has been quarantined.
As long as we handle it properly, it's not a big problem. If you really can't do it, just pay medical insurance.
And the ultimate secret to avoiding parasites is not to eat raw.