After six generations of struggle, the defeat of the Six Kingdoms, the unification of China, the same track, the same book, the unification of weights and measures, the establishment of the county system, the central government, and the beginning of China's slavery to feudal society!
The rise and fall of a dynasty is most important except for a talented, discerning, and virtuous monarch. There must be a group of courtiers loyal to the king and the state, and if there is no one, there must be one, and the king must trust the minister with absolute trust!
Qin Xiaogong recruited sages and martingales, reformed and changed the law, the "Shang martingale transformation method" in the past, the only successful change in Chinese history, and transformed the Qin state from a weak and beaten country to a strong Qin state!
King Huiwen of Qin appointed Zhang Yi and lobbied from all sides! He used deception to subdue the powerful Chu state, the pro-Qin policy of the united horizontal policy, and the alliance of the United Masses to cut down Qin!
King Zhao of Qin appointed Fan Sui of Wei, adopted the means of long-distance and close attack, consolidated the state of Qin, dethroned King Zhao's removal of Empress Xuan from government and Marquis Guiqi, expelled the four nobles, and used the counter-strategy to defeat the State of Zhao at Changping, and from then on, he was seriously injured and weakened the State of Zhao!
Including Lü Buwei during the reign of the First Emperor, honorific title "Zhongfu", the preparation of lü's Spring and Autumn, the adoption of people easy to make business, help others return to Qin, help Yingzheng ascend to the throne, and take the throne!
In history, which minister is not a powerful minister, whose contributions to the imperial court and the country are all the merits of the world, why is it that an unknown Cai Ze, who has only been a minister for a few months, will be called the wisest minister by future generations! This has to start with King Qin Zhao:
In 255 BC, King Shou of Hedong Commandery fornicated with the princes, beheaded at Caishikou, and Fan Sui, the chancellor, was sullen and unhappy after he knew it, and one day when he went to the court, Fan Sui saw King Qin Zhao's sigh and asked what was the reason? King Qin Zhao said: Wang Ji and Zheng Anping were killed for betrayal, and now there are unscrupulous generals in Qin, foreign enemies, and widows who are troubled by this!
After Cai Ze, the guest secretary of the Yan Kingdom, knew about it, he entered the Qin Kingdom in the west and deliberately released words to Fan Sui: I have read the classics since I was a child, I can speak eloquently, and when the King of Qin sees me, he will definitely let me be the Minister of the Qin Kingdom!
Fan Sui was very angry after hearing this, and sent someone to recruit Cai Ze into the palace, and listened to people say, you Yang Yan wants to replace me as the Minister of Qin? Cai Ze said yes! Fan Sui said: Then tell me your reason?
Cai Ze said: Woo... Do you see why things are so dull, that everything in all seasons obeys the order of spring ploughing, summer planting, autumn harvest, and winter storage, and each completes its function and transforms? Don't you know the fate of Shang Martin of the Qin State, Wu Qi of the Chu State, and Wen Zhong of the Yue Kingdom? What's so enviable about that! Fan Sui said disapprovingly: These three people are all the principles of righteousness, the model of loyalty, and a gentleman can kill himself and die without regrets!
Cai Ze said: People want to suggest merit, how can they not want to retreat from the whole body! What can be preserved in life and merit is the desire of the highest! Meritorious name can be admired by future generations and life has been lost, then it is second class, fame is humiliated and itself can be preserved, that is the lowest level! Shang Martin, Wu Qi, and Wen Zhong, as courtiers, have achieved meritorious fame for the loyalty of the country, which is admired by people, but hong yao and Zhou Gong are not also sincere, morally noble, and wise! Although those three people were admirable, how could they be compared with Hong Yao and Zhou Gong? Fan Sui said: Yes!
Cai Ze also said: Your monarch is obsessed with old feelings and is not abandoned as a meritorious minister, can you compare this with Qin Xiaogong, The King of Chu Mourning, and the King of Yue? Fan Sui said: I don't know if I can compare? Cai Ze said: Then compared with Shang Martin, Wu Qi, and Wen Zhong, do you have any of their great achievements? Fan Sui said: I am not as good as them! Cai Ze said: You are not retired, and the end is not as good as the three of them! As the saying goes: the sun moves in the middle of the day, the moon is full and loses, the advance and retreat stretch, and the situation changes with the times, this is the word of the saints! Now, your vengeance has been repaid, your grace has been repaid, your wish has been fulfilled and cannot be changed, I am worried about you! After Fan Sui listened, he made Cai Ze a guest of honor, and introduced him to the King of Qin, and was made a guest by the King of Qin, fan Sui resigned his post as a minister on the pretext of illness and returned to his hometown for the elderly! And Cai Ze was liked by the King of Qin and was named a chancellor, and a few months later, Cai Ze was deposed from the position of chancellor! However, Cai Ze has been serving in the Qin State for four generations, until the time of the First Emperor's reign, he has been active in the political arena, and he has not been summoned to kill himself! End well!
Sima Qian's "Records of History" combined Cai Ze with Fan Sui, the Han Dynasty considered his merits to be higher than Fan Sui, and some people compared him to Confucius, believing that Confucius was inferior to him in terms of lobbying!
Finally, the Tang Dynasty poet Luo Yin is quoted as writing a poem "Ju Ge":
Cai Ze embedded in the shape of a withered ghost, and took Qin Cheng Xiang directly!