Is the smoke in Peking Opera really caused by smoking a lot of smoke, the mystery of Tan Xinpei's smoke voice

(Transferred from "Song Yun Peking Opera")

The "Smoke Voice" of the Old World

In the past, there was a saying of "smoke voice". It refers specifically to the voice of an old actor who loves big smoke. Smokers, cigars, pipes and snuff smokers can't climb the throat.

In the early years, the voice of the old student was the best with the "back of the brain" and "cloud covering the moon". The so-called back sound is also called "Yintang Ju", and the term is called "back work sound". That is, the qi comes out of the dantian, the sound meets the nasal sound in the head cavity, and the resonance echoes behind the head, which is vigorous and powerful. The back of the head sound is not sharp in the near hearing, but it can reach the ear when it is heard far away. More than a hundred years of pear garden, the most perfect back of the brain, the big boss Cheng Changgeng is the first person, followed by Wang Datou (Wang Guifen). On style and perfection, there is probably no third person. Their voices are high-pitched and straight, straight and comfortable, drilling into the sky, and sinking into the male. This simple and pure sound is the sound of flesh above the donkey, created by heaven and nurtured by heaven, and cannot be achieved without the combined force of heaven and earth.

The so-called cloud shade the moon, when it first sounds very dry, and accompanied by wisps of sand, like a residual cloud to cover the moon. After a dozen or even dozens of sentences, the cloud hole opened, and the more it was sung, the brighter it became. The sound is subtle and rounded, the charm is mellow and smooth and natural, infectious and charming. Because in the past, several people who enjoyed the name of "Cloud Shade Moon" voice were fond of big smoke, and the world called "Cloud Shade Moon" "Smoke Voice". Yun Shaoyue is represented by Yu Sansheng, Tan Xinpei and Yu Shuyan, all of whom smoke a lot.

The elders said that people who have just smoked a big cigarette have their throats like they are covered by flocculents, and they can't open the plug. The volume is small and dark, and it has to be "slippery". Especially just after the backstage draw, the first few singing voices are extremely hoarse, how can you sing for a quarter of an hour, the voice can "return to the position". In the old days, Guqu opera fans under the stage knew that so-and-so was a smoke speaker, allowed them to slip their throats, and sat there waiting for them to sneak out the "moon". Yu Sansheng is the ancestor of a smoker in Peking Opera. When he first appeared in the performance, many fans of the play saw that his voice was dark and dumb. Later, before Yu Sansheng started the play, he first hung his throat at home, sang seven or eight paragraphs and then went to the restaurant. When it comes to the stage, the voice is just right to the remnants of the clouds to cover the moon, and without singing a few words, it is "a round of bright moon in front of the stage".

After Tan Xinpei, on the voice, he was not as good as his predecessors Cheng Changgeng, Zhang Erkui, Yu Sansheng, and Wang Jiuling, nor was he as good as Wang Datou and Sun Juxian of his generation. But Old Tan can sing and write enough articles in the cavity. Compared with the real and loud macro, Tan Lu'er is only exquisite and euphemistic and delicate. Although Cheng Changgeng once said that Tan Xinpei was a shirt (that is, a green shirt of Qingyi), he also admitted that Tan Xinpei was good and intoxicating. The slightly sandy sound of the child and the small place are easy to hear, but it is indescribable. Anyway, it must be listening to one time and thinking twice, listening to two times and thinking three times. When I listened to the Lord for the fourth time, it was as if I had smoked a big cigarette, and I felt uncomfortable if I didn't listen to it every few days. This kind of beautiful and intoxicating sound, the author calls it "addiction sound". Its creator is Tan Xinpei, who never leaves the smoke.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the people, Lao Tan's drama art has entered the realm of transformation, and it can be the first addictive sound in the world. At that time, the "phlegm fan" (that is, the Tan fan) was very good, both inside and outside the two lines, male and female, ten thousand waters returned to the valley, rivers into the sea, all singing old students are "no cavity does not learn Tan". Insiders include Wang Youchen, Tan Xiaopei, Zhang Yuting, Yu Shuyan, Yan Jupeng, Wang Rongshan, Chen Xiuhua, Guan Dayuan, etc.; laymen such as Wang Junzhi, Wang Yusheng, Han Shenxian, etc.; plus the "Five Altars" in Beijing (Temple of Heaven Gui Junqing, Ritan Qiao Xingchen, Yuetan Wang Yutian, Ditan Rongjuzhuang, Shejitan Pudong), the lineup can be described as luxurious. And that's not even counting the vast number of phlegm fans who don't have a name. (Most of the above are alfalfarous)

The old Tan barrier is high, no one teaches, and the anti-learning drama is better than the anti-thief. But the phlegm fans are sincere and determined, and no one will give up halfway. They magnified all the details of the old Tan stage and offstage with a microscope, including the action of sitting, eating, eating and living, and then patriarchal imitation. The crowd really didn't know where Lao Tan's beautiful voice came from, and joked about the smoke. So Hu gave birth to a saying: If there is no big smell of smoke in the singing, it is not a Tan sect.

Their joke follows the logic that in order to "cloud the moon", they must first paste the "moon" and then slip away. This cloud of the moon is a big smoke, but it also coincides with the word "cloud smoke". As a result, the smoke voice became a synonym for "cloud shading the moon" and the Tan school. Liu Hongsheng, Wang Xiaonong, Gao Qingkui, etc. also smoked big cigarettes, but their voices were either straight or too delicate or disorganized, and they were not considered smokers.

The fact that Yan Er was able to become a saying for a while was also related to Mr. Yu Shuyan's success and leading the old life line. Yu Daxian learned Tan the most. Painstaking loneliness, waste of sleep and forgetting to eat, painstaking efforts, spare no effort, how to describe it is not too much to describe. He spent nearly ten years lying on his salary and tasting his guts, and finally got the true essence of Tan Pai, and was the only one who could be an "addicted voice" after the old Tan. Yu Daxian's voice can be described as a typical "cloud covering the moon". He was on the stage, and the stages of the remnants of the clouds obscuring the moon, the clouds opening up, and gradually entering the good state were quite clear. Direct pursuit is the group Yu Sansheng and Nai shi Tan Xinpei.

Whenever Yu Daxian posted a performance, he would repeatedly hang his voice at home that day, seven or eight paragraphs or even a dozen paragraphs. First two yellows followed by Xipi. It starts from the six-character tone, gradually reaches the main palace tone, and then returns to the six-character tone. Sometimes he also shouted a few words of flower-faced horizontal tone and Danjiao'er's small voice. Mr. Zhang Boju once talked about Mr. Yu's voice, the built-in rattan chair bamboo bed in the summer courtyard, and the confidants of three or five friends sat in the courtyard to taste tea and elegant. Mr. Zhang and Yu Daxian hang their voices in the house. Mr. Yu sang "Ma On Shan", Mr. Zhang sang "Mulberry Garden"; Mr. Yu sang "Mulberry Garden Sender", and Mr. Zhang sang "Ma On Shan". Mr. Zhang recalled that at this point, the last sentence is quite interesting: "Outsiders cannot be divided into who sings, they must go indoors to inquire, and they will know it." ”

Smokey voice is actually a "kung fu voice". Those who reduce their voices to big smoke are mostly looking for ways to smoke big cigarettes. Then there is the stupidity that really believes that the big smoke has such a miraculous skill. It should be known that Yu Sansheng, Tan Xinpei, and Yu Shuyan first have talent and capital, and then add more than ten years of kung fu to get the addiction of "cloud shading the moon". Their throats are incoherent and smoke. If you shake your wit on the "smoke", take advantage of your strength, and count on a few mouthfuls of big smoke to smoke an authentic Tan sect, then I am afraid that if you smoke with your life, you will not be able to do so. Singing this thing, the half-minute color on the stage is full of beads of sweat.