August Festivals: Autumn (August 7), Summer (August 23)
Phenological period: the fruit expansion period, autumn shoot growth period
Management focus: put the shoots, strong shoots, strong fruits
Main agricultural operations: fertilization, fruit thinning, shoot release, pest control.
Liqiu is the first festival of autumn, marking the official beginning of the Mengqiu season. "Autumn" refers to the summer to autumn: in the autumn, the plane tree begins to fall leaves, so there is "deciduous leaves to know autumn" From the literal point of view, the word "autumn" is composed of grass and fire, which is the meaning of the maturity of the valley.
Autumn is an excessive season in which the weather turns hot to cool and then cool to cold. Autumn indicates that summer is about to pass, autumn is coming, although the heat is difficult to dissipate for a while, and there will be the afterglow of "autumn tigers", but the general trend is that the weather gradually becomes cooler.
Heat treatment is a temperament that reflects climate change, and "place" contains the meaning of hiding and terminating. The summer is the exit, indicating that the hot summer day is over, which means entering the autumn of meteorological significance, and there is a poetry cloud "When the summer of the signature was once signed, the autumn wind was too late; in the diagonal light of the southern path of the day, cutting rice strange fiber cars and horses."
The expansion of the navel orange fruit and the occurrence of slight umbilical autumn pumping. Management points: drought resistance, fruit trees with strong fruit fertilizer in autumn, young trees with autumn fertilizer.
Pest control
1. Current diseases of navel orange: ulcer disease, sharpie disease, soot disease, foot rot, wilt anthrax, fruit rot, etc.
2. Current insect pests of navel orange: rust ticks, white spiders, red spiders, insect shells, leafminer moths, leaf-mining beetles, malignant leaf beetles, fruit-sucking nocturnal moths, large and small fruit flies, thrips, whiteflies, psyllids, midges, midges, etc.
3. Current physiological diseases of navel oranges: sunburn fruit, split fruit and physiological yellowing disease.
Fertilize the fruit to promote autumn
Orchards that have not placed autumn shoots before and after the summer should strive to put autumn shoots well in the first half of the year. Attention should be paid to drought prevention, drought resistance, fruit preservation and autumn shoots.
Pay attention to wiping buds and controlling the shoots, and adopt the method of "three to one" and "five to two" for the bushes and branches, and remove the weak and the strong to thin the branches.
During the growth period of autumn shoots, it can spray Xingxing Agricultural Battle Beauty or Duomei 1-2 times to promote the robustness of autumn shoots. Plants were applied 2 kg of organic fertilizer of purple cattle, and 1 kg of high nitrogen compound fertilizer was added to dig a trench of 0.3 to 0.4 meters deep. For trees with many fruits, the amount of fertilizer is about 1/2 of the weak trees with more fruits. Weak trees with few and no fruits were fertilized at 1/3 of the weak trees with more fruits.
Young trees promote shoot fertility
In early and mid-autumn fertilization, 1 kg of purple cattle organic fertilizer and 50 to 150 grams of high nitrogen compound fertilizer were applied each time, or purple cattle were fertilized and watered. Small trees are mainly cultivated tree type can be put 2 times slightly.
In August, when the navel oranges are puffed and the autumn shoots are released, the demand for medium and trace elements in the navel oranges is high, and the conventional fertilization management ignores the supplementation of nutrients such as magnesium, zinc, boron, iron and copper, resulting in weak tree strength and intensification of yellow leaves, especially in the expansion period of the fruit. Recently, Gannan navel orange general reaction magnesium deficiency, boron deficiency, iron deficiency, etc. is more serious, magnesium deficiency will cause old leaves to yellow, fruit expansion slowly; lack of boron, leaf yellowing, leaf vein wood thrombosis protrusion; iron deficiency, new leaves yellowing, serious whitishing. The leaves are the factory of the fruit, once the leaves are yellowed, the photosynthesis is reduced, the expansion of the fruit needs insufficient nutrients, easy to fall fruit due to nutritional deficiencies.
Therefore, in the expansion stage, attention should be paid to the supplementation of magnesium zinc NdFeB copper and other trace elements. When the autumn shoots are sprinkled with compound fertilizer, it promotes the germination of the autumn shoots, is strong and neat, is conducive to the expansion of the fruit, and improves the quality of the fruit. Foliar spraying foliar fertilizer improves fruit hardness, prevents and reduces magnesium deficiency in late yellow leaves, strengthens the leaves, and promotes the ripening of autumn shoots.
1, water and moisturizing: in the summer in the case of high temperature and drought must be watered in the morning or evening, for orchards with a long drought time, small water irrigation should be used, avoid flood irrigation with large water, and try to use the method of ditch irrigation or hole irrigation, so as to avoid the fruit from quickly absorbing water and causing cracked fruit. Conditional orchards are best irrigated with water-saving water, such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. Not only can it save water, but it can also make the soil moisture content suitable and make the root system grow well.
2. Moisturizing: Cultivate the soil around the tree tray in advance, especially the soil moisturizing the exposed tree disc of the root system, and the soil layer thickness is about 10 cm. Cover the tree tray with wheat straw or straw, about 20 cm thick, cover the surface with a small amount of soil, and apply a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer. Orchard soil covering can reduce water evaporation, reduce runoff, and play a role in water retention. It is also conducive to reducing the surface temperature and regulating the microclimate of the orchard. Orchard grass can reduce soil temperature by 2 to 5 °C, reduce water evaporation, improve water use efficiency, reduce soil bulk density, increase soil organic matter content and water holding capacity, and prevent soil erosion.
Orchard Medication Recommendations: Consult a local fruit tree expert or distributor for medication details
This article is edited by the New Rural Technology Department of Gannan Province, please indicate the source when reprinting. Yunzhongdi service purpose: an attitude, focus on agricultural planting technology of agricultural self-media, to help farmers popularize planting technology knowledge, to solve farmers planting problems. If there are any deficiencies, I hope my friends will comment.