<h2 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > preface</h2>
This water town specialty food in the southern countryside, attracting many people who love food to taste, Xiaobian does not know how many foodies have tasted this food!! As a small editor, I definitely don't dare to move my mouth!!! Of course, the foodies know what ingredients are used in this special dish, and it is an aquatic creature that makes the little sisters listen to fear, look at the trembling heart, and feel the fear - the ant. Xiaobian checked the relevant information and learned that since the south of China around 1995, began to catch natural leech seed, the first artificial breeding, and success, since then the leech (leech) has no longer become a scary aquatic species, gorgeous transformation and upgrading into the food lovers' hearts of the ingredients, so that the leech (leech) also increased the edible value attribute, therefore, many brainy foodies, began to think with heart, brain, with action to think about a question: "Now on the market to breed leeches (leeches) in the end how much? Isn't it the best time to join the breeding army?", given that in the Goku Q&A, a question about "Are there many ants farmed on the market?" "The problem, Xiaobian from the following 6 aspects of knowledge to share and summarize, I hope to be able to provide a reference for friends who want to breed leeches.
<h2 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > first, what is a leech (leech</h2>).
Leeches, whose scientific name is leeches, belong to the class of link animal leeches, leeches (leeches) belong to the link animal phylum, leeches, jaw leeches, leeches (leeches) family. The order Leech includes 4 orders, namely spinous leeches, snout leeches, jaw leeches, and pharyngeal leeches, and the following mainly introduces the jaw leeches. , is the oldest inferior animal on earth. According to the amber fossils embedded with the remains of leeches (leeches) collected from the Baltic Sea coast, leeches (leeches) are at least 40 million to 5,000 years old. There are 400-500 species in the world, about 100 species in China, and 89 species have been discovered. The main features of the ant are flattened spindle-shaped, with many links; the back is black-brown or black-brown, slightly raised, after soaking with water, black spots can be seen in 5 longitudinal stripes; the ventral surface is flat and brownish-yellow. Brownish yellow on both sides, slightly pointed at the front end, blunt and rounded at the rear end, 1 suction cup at each end, the front suction cup is not significant, the rear suction cup is larger; the texture is brittle, easy to break, the section is gelatinous; the gas is slightly fishy.
PS: Ganthobdellidae animals do not have retractable snouts, the pharynx is fixed, and it has 3 jaw plates in the mouth. There is no real vascular system in the body and is replaced by the blood body cavity system. The blood cavity is red with grape-like tissue. The reproductive system is complex, usually with mating organs, and egg cocoons contain protein-vegetative embryos. The complete body segment is basically developed from 5 rings. Aquatic or terrestrial.
<h2 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > ii, the value and use of ants (leeches</h2>).
Leech not only has a high medicinal value, hirudin is an important raw material for many high-grade drugs, health care products and cosmetics, which are very popular at home and abroad, in recent years, it has become a delicacy on people's tables. For example, Hirudo nipponica , which is used for surgery such as bloodletting therapy , blood stasis removal , and replantation of severed limbs , and Leech ; in ancient India , it was widely used to bleed to avoid the use of surgical scalpels : Poecilobdella javanica , P.similis , P.manil-lensis.
Leeches that live in warm and humid mountainous areas, waiting for passing hosts in grass or bamboo forests, and sucking the blood of vertebrates: Japanese leeches (Haemadipsa japonica), H. tianmushana, Yanyuan leeches (H. yanyuanensis); Whitmania, which are commonly distributed in ponds and rice fields in China: W.pigra, glossy golden thread leeches, and sharp golden wire leeches. Broad-body gold wire leeches have a very large therapeutic effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, liver disease, leukemia, bowel cancer, ovarian tumors, uterine fibroids, stroke and other diseases.
<h2 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > third, the current market prospects</h2>
The demand in the pharmaceutical industry is huge: medical research at home and abroad has found that leech preparations have special effects in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and anti-cancer, and their dried products are concocted after traditional Chinese medicine is used in medicine, which has the effect of treating stroke, hypertension, stasis, amenorrhea, bruises and so on. With the sharp decline of wild natural resources and the in-depth development of the medicinal value of leeches, the supply of raw materials is in short supply, the demand gap is as high as more than 90%, and its market demand potential is huge.
Production outstrips supply and prices soar: According to relevant survey data, due to climate change, environmental pollution, indiscriminate fishing and killing, etc., the number of wild leeches has dropped sharply, the annual output of leeches is only 200-300 tons, and the annual demand is as high as 5000 tons, resulting in the price of dried leeches, from 20 yuan / kg in 1998 to today's 1,000 yuan mark!
Agricultural aquaculture policy support and subsidy tilt: special aquaculture industry is an important part of China's agriculture, the state introduced subsidy policies, support and encourage the majority of farmers to achieve scientific breeding, large-scale breeding, safe breeding: through microcredit, financial discounts and other ways, to solve the problem of farmers' funds; aquaculture industry water and electricity according to the planting industry calculation levy fees, preferential calculation; the introduction of agricultural insurance, self-produced agricultural products tax exemption and other beneficial agricultural policies; infrastructure subsidies, cooperatives into the shares of a variety of state financial subsidies.
<h2 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > fourth, the breeding technology is mature</h2>
1. Seed source and stocking: Leech (leech) species can be bred or purchased by themselves, and it is best to have a wide body for leeches. The standard of seed grazing is robust, harmless, and about 20g per size, because this leech (locust) lays many eggs and has a high hatching rate, and can be grown and sold in early spring in June, and can be raised to 10 to 15 kg per acre of area. Leeches (leeches) are hermaphrodites, each of which can spawn and reproduce. Eggs are laid from March to April, generally laying 1 to 4 eggs, each egg can breed 60 to 80 young leeches, summer is its breeding season, but also the best season for capture.
2. Daily management: Leeches (leeches) have strong vitality, and breeding is mainly to grasp the adjustment of the number of feed and leeches (leeches). Leeches (leeches) mainly feed on the blood of snails, earthworms, fish, frogs, livestock and other animals, and artificial feeding feed should be mixed with the blood, rice, bran and so on of various animals. Each acre of water is stocked with 25 kg of snails at a time, allowing them to reproduce naturally for feeding, and it is best to feed the blood of animals once a week. Leeches (leeches) do not have strict water requirements, and can grow in sewage, but high-density aquaculture, water quality should be kept clean, there must be a certain amount of dissolved oxygen, and the high temperature season from July to August should be changed from time to time.
3. Overwintering management: After entering the winter, leeches (leeches) stop feeding, drill into the soil to hibernate, then it is best to drain the water, fish out with a net, and select a large, robust seedling (15kg per acre of seedlings) to be concentrated in the seedling pond for wintering.
4. Pay attention to the protection of eggs: from April to October, leeches (leeches) eggs are spongy, mostly produced in semi-wet and dry fertile soil, so the paddy fields and pools of leeches (leeches) should not be large and deep, and the water level should not be soaked over the soil surface on rainy days, otherwise the eggs are easy to die.
5. Gathering and concoction: Summer and autumn are the best time to catch leeches (locusts). After catching, it is washed, first smothered with lime or wine, and then dried or roasted. Stir-fry leeches (locusts) first take talcum powder into the pot and fry hot, add cut leeches (leeches), fry until slightly drummed out, sift off talcum powder. Oil leeches (leeches) take the washed leeches (leeches), put them in a pot and fry them in lard until brown, take them out and dry them.
6. Common diseases:
Dry blight: caused by high temperature, diseased leeches (leeches) loss of appetite, little or inactivity, emaciation and weakness, visible body dryness, dehydration and atrophy, and blackening of the whole body. Prevention and control methods: (1) Soak the leeches in 1% salt water, twice a day for 10 minutes. (2) Feed with yeast flakes or oxytetracycline mixture to increase calcium-containing foods and improve disease resistance. (3) Increase the water flow and reduce the water temperature.
White spot disease: caused by more protozoa than small melon worms, diseased leeches (locusts) body surface has white spot bubbles, small white patches, inflexible movement, swimming body can not balance, anorexia. Prevention and control methods: (1) Soak the diseased leeches (leeches) with 2 mg/l mercury nitrate for 30 minutes each time, 2 times a day. (2) Disinfect the pool water regularly with bleaching powder, generally 1-2 times a month.
Gastroenteritis: Caused by eating spoiled or indigestible foods. Sick leeches (leeches) have a loss of appetite, laziness in activity, and redness and swelling of the anus. Prevention and control methods: (1) Mix 0.4% sulfaminazole with bait and feed. (2) Feed with 0.2% oxytetracycline mixture.
<h2 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >5. Analysis of aquaculture economic benefits</h2>
About 100 pounds of leeches, about 100,000 seedlings, how many pounds to collect depends on the management technology, breeding effect, under normal circumstances, 300-700 range, the cost and income depends on the introduction price of your seedlings or seeds. Leech breeding profit leech is hermaphrodite, allogeneic fertilization, each breed leech can be bred, the general breed of leeches can be bred 3 to 4 times a year, each time laying 2 to 3 egg cocoons, the average annual laying of 4 eggs, each cocoon can hatch more than 20 young leeches, due to natural enemies, strength, environmental and other factors, the survival rate of young leeches is more than 90%, then each breed of leeches can breed 72 commercial leeches per year, each kilogram of live leeches have about 150, 7 kg of live leeches can dry 1 kg, the market price per kilogram of 400 yuan, The annual output value of each leech is 27 yuan. If there is an acre of land breeding area, 5,000 seeds, the annual output value will reach more than 130,000 yuan of gross income, deducting facilities, bait and other net profits of about 100,000 yuan, breeding 5 acres of profits up to 500,000 yuan. Using high-density, intensive production, 1,000 seeds are invested in a 5U square meter area, the annual output value can reach more than 25,000 yuan, deducting seedlings, feed, facilities and other costs, the profit of breeding leeches is more than 20,000 yuan.
Case Study:
Small-area aquaculture: taking the breeding area of 100 square meters of wide-body golden wire leeches as an example, the infrastructure construction is 30 yuan / ㎡, the bait can be farmed, fished or purchased by itself, the purchase cost is about 0.5 million yuan, the electricity cost, disease control and prevention are 0.1 million yuan, 30,000 seedlings are stocked, the seedlings grow into finished leeches in 4 months, the single weight is 20-40 grams, 675 kg can be harvested, the finished products can be processed every 6 kg of dried products, the unit price of dry products per kilogram is 1200-1300 yuan, and the income is about 140,000 yuan.
Medium and large area of breeding: taking the breeding area of 600 square meters of wide-body golden wire leeches as an example, the leased land fund is 0.3 million to 0.4 million yuan, the base excavation is 0.4 million yuan, the anti-escape net is 0.25 million yuan, most of the bait can be cultivated by itself, and it needs to be purchased at the beginning, the cost is about 0.3 million yuan, the application of farm fertilizer is 0.05 million yuan, the seedlings are 120,000 tails, about 98,000 yuan, the management cost is 12,000 yuan, the disinfection is 0.02 million yuan, the water and electricity fee is 0.15 million yuan, and the total investment is about 124,000 yuan. Seedlings grow into finished leeches in 4 months, a single weight of 20-40 grams, can harvest 3240 kg, processed finished products per 6 kg can be made of dry products 1 kg, the unit price of dry products per kg is 800-1000 yuan, can earn about 480,000 --600,000 yuan.
< h2 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > six, leech farming recommendations</h2>
1, in the case of insufficient funds, do not engage in leech farming. What is foot and what is insufficient? If you have 100,000 yuan in your hands, you can withdraw 22,000 to 25,000 yuan to invest, and arrange 0.5 million yuan to deal with unforeseen expenses, so that even if you encounter a stormy loss of 30,000 yuan at the leech base, you will not exhaust yourself and make your family life into embarrassment. Finally, I would like to remind you not to borrow or borrow money, but to do what you can.
2, if it is a young man starting a business, no experience in the industry, no funds in hand, then it is necessary to obtain the support and understanding of the family, must consult with the family, the whole family united to do, so that there can be a longer-term development.
3, do not have the Internet conditions and the ability to respond to emergencies are recommended not to breed, the information age, accept information, process information, understand information is a very important investment ability, accept and deal with poor information will lead to investment failure.
4, the local pollution source do not engage in leech farming, the key factor in raising leeches is the water source, there is no good ecological water source, acid and alkali is not up to standard, the soil is not suitable, if you barely breed, it will only lead to investment failure, so it is better to choose other investment projects.
5, breed leeches to plan the breeding time, start to breed leeches to prepare for a year and a half, or even two years later to see the return money, if you want to in the leech spawning on the killing processing is another matter. At the same time, not all investments have a return, if there is no investment, there will certainly be no return, which is the investment mentality that investors must have.
The above is the relevant knowledge of ant breeding shared by Xiaobian for everyone, what are the views of the majority of farmers and friends? Or need to add relevant knowledge? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area. If you have any questions, you can pay attention to the private chat Xiaobian, thank you for reading, like the article of the Xiaobian, just give a "like"!
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