Most of China's citrus will face the problem of high acidity and low sweetness, which is not good in the market and is easy to cause slow sales, so how should citrus be sour and sweetened?
Citrus acidity and sweetness is one of the important indicators to measure the quality of citrus, citrus taste is not good, in addition to the variety and environmental factors (such as moisture, temperature, light, etc.), another important reason is fertilization, the basic principle is to ensure that the nutritional supply of orangeries is balanced.
01 Apply organic fertilizer
Because many orchards use chemical fertilizers in excess of standards all year round, such as compound fertilizers, urea, etc., the soil hardens and the acidity becomes high. More importantly, due to the large use of chemical fertilizers, the soil nitrogen content is too high, promoting the rapid growth of branches, inhibiting the intake of potassium fertilizer, thereby reducing the accumulation of sugar, so the fruit is not sweet! Therefore, in the process of citrus planting, fruit farmers should use more organic fertilizer and decomposed farm manure, which can not only meet the soil organic matter, but also supplement a variety of beneficial bacteria, improve soil acidity, improve fertilizer utilization, increase soil fertility, and thus increase sweetness.
02 Apply base fertilizer early
In the past, fruit farmers used to apply base fertilizer in winter, but due to the low temperature in winter, the base fertilizer was not easy to decompose and absorb, and at this time the fruit trees had entered a dormant period. If fertilization is applied in the autumn after picking, then the early base fertilizer is very easy to ferment and decompose, easy to be absorbed by the tree, which is conducive to the decomposition and transformation of organic fertilizer in winter and spring and the continuous release of nutrients, so that the citrus can issue new roots in time and is conducive to the growth of the following year.
03 Increase calcium fertilizer to reduce potassium fertilizer with foliar fertilizer
The content of calcium and potassium in the soil affects the acidity and sweetness of citrus. High in calcium and low in citrus acidity. Potassium promotes rapid fruit expansion, but the high potassium content in the leaves increases the acidity of citrus. Therefore, fertilizers containing too much potassium cannot be applied. In red soil orchards, in order to increase the calcium content of the soil, calcium fertilizers such as 50-60 kg/mu of quicklime or plant ash should be added.
At the young, growing and ripening stages of citrus, a mixture of 0.2% calcium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the upper leaves of the fruit tree. Calcium dihydrogen phosphate has a glycetic effect, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate has an acid-lowering and sweetening effect. Spraying a 2% lime water and 0.4% salt mixture can improve the photosynthesis of the leaves, provide sugar to citrus fruits and promote early ripening.
There are many other reasons that affect the sweetness and acidity of citrus, such as variety differences, fruit period moisture, light duration, mineral content in the soil, pests and diseases, and so on. Therefore, friends who grow citrus must integrate the actual situation of the orchard to flexibly fertilize and daily management during the planting process.
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Source: Agricultural Technology Planting Program Extraordinary Agriculture Country Wonderland
Editor of this issue: Xiao Shen