During the Spring Festival, in the surrounding vegetable fields of Guangzhou, a variety of leafy vegetables in winter and spring vegetables, such as cabbage hearts, oil wheat vegetables, lettuce, mustard greens, artemisia annua, there are also onions, cherry tomatoes, leeks and other vegetables, vegetables are rich in varieties, because the local light and hot water resources are rich, warm and humid all year round, many vegetables can be cultivated annually. Mustard greens are a favorite vegetable of consumers in the southern region, rich in nutrients, crisp and sweet in taste. In the mustard field found a lot of jumping nails, mainly yellow curved stripe jumping nails, commonly known as earth beakers, soil fleas, is the number one pest of leafy vegetables, so that vegetable farmers are very headache, the quality of mustard that is eaten is reduced.
Figure 1: Mustard jumping nail hazard
1. The harmful characteristics of jumping armor
Adult beetle jumpers feed on the leaves of mustard and bite out small holes, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the mustard leaves are covered with holes, and there are several jumping beetles on the leaves. If the seedlings are damaged, if the prevention and control is not carried out 3-5 days after the emergence of the seedlings, the vegetable seedlings will be eaten. The larvae eat vegetable roots, moth the root skin, bite off the whisker roots, and the seedling stage is vulnerable to cause lack of seedlings.
Figure 2: Mustard jumping nail hazard
Jumping nails are good at jumping, such as spraying drugs from the inside out, jumping nails are easy to escape; the harm time is long, the weather in Guangdong accounts for about 2/3 of the year between 20-30 ° C, suitable for jumping nail breeding, 7-8 generations can occur a year; organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides are completely banned, and high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides have strong resistance after repeated use, plus the wrong way to spray drugs, making it difficult to prevent and control.
2. How to prevent and control jumping nails?
To prevent adults from laying eggs and multiplying at the root, the control of jumping beetles should be treated together, that is, to prevent and control adult jumping beetles, but also to kill pupae, eggs and larvae in the soil. Prevention and control should be early, according to the growth stage of crops and the annual occurrence of diseases and insect pests, should pay attention to the drug impregnation or seedling stage drug control, even if the fruit tree should also do a good job of pre-budding drug control, in the disease and insect pests have not occurred or a small number of occurrences to control, it is easy to control, such as large areas of re-prevention, more difficult, cure the symptoms but not cure the root cause.
First of all, mustard greens occur in the middle and late stages of jumping nails, you can choose to use single doses or compound agents such as acetamidine, thiamethoxamine, furazine, insect mite nitrile, pyridoxine, pyridoxine and thiamethoxazine, etc., according to the local insect pest resistance, the severity of reasonable selection, serious plots should use compound agents. The time of spraying should be before 9 a.m. or after 5 p.m. on a sunny day, when the adult insects are less active after they emerge, and the agent can better play an insecticidal effect. Sprays with wider fields should be hit first on the outside and then on the inside, so as not to frighten the adult jumping beetle and flee.
Second, soil treatment, after land preparation, the application of Thuringiensis, fish vine root powder, jujube tea, etc. in the soil to eliminate larvae, eggs and pupae, for the yellow curved strip jumping nail has a good protective effect, can reduce the insect population base, reduce the difficulty of spraying in the later stage.
Third, during the growth period, it is treated up and down, because the prevention and control of jumping nails only considers spraying on the ground, which is often ineffective. Root spraying agents are used to control larvae, and foliar sprays are used to control adult insects.
Fourth, if you grow green organic vegetables, you can choose to control biopesticides such as neem, rotenone, and green zombies. As we all know, biopesticide prevention is acceptable, so it is recommended to do a good job of soil treatment before sowing and spraying early at the seedling stage to achieve good prevention effect.
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