In addition to the four major fish and economically farmed fish in China, there are many wild fish, but due to human reasons, many rivers and river fish resources are close to depletion, with the implementation of major measures to restore the national ecosystem, the Yangtze River Basin will achieve a long-term fishing ban period, and in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has established rare and endemic fish national nature reserve, protected fish are cochineal, golden herring, split-bellied fish, Sichuan-Shaanxi Zheluo salmon and so on. Continuing from the previous article, we will continue to introduce some uncommon indigenous and native fish. Such as horsefish, military fish, large-eyed chinese bream, climbing perch, warpfish, red-tipped, green-tipped, blackfish, yellow-tailed carp, large-eyed chinese bream and so on.
1. Bowback fish
It is special in size, with long and small scales, resembling the cross-section of a wing. The dorsal fin is small and feathery, the fin is narrow and long, extending along most of the ventral margin and joining the caudal fin, and the wavy movement is carried out along the full length of the fin, and the fish body can swim forward or backward. Usually weak and windy appearance is actually a sinister predator, after seeing the prey, it relies on the background color and body size advantage to blend into the background, and then quickly swallows the prey, and then slowly leaves. Widely distributed in Southeast Asia, it is a common edible fish produced in the region, and it is found in the Lancang River in China.
Bowback fish
2. Spring water fish
Because of the particularity of the appearance of the mouth, it is called "pig mouth fish" in Guizhou. In the central and western parts of Guizhou, you can see the figure in areas as small as springs, large rivers, and across the Yangtze River-Pearl River basin. Juvenile spring fish are difficult to see with a larger individual mouth morphology, and there are obvious differences from larger individuals in the length of the beard and the action of eating
Spring water fish
3. Iwahara carp
The fish of the genus Lili in the family Cyprinidae, commonly known as Mizuko, Black Carp, Rock Carp, and Ink Carp, are endemic to China. In the upper reaches of the Yangtze River fishery, the economic value is higher. The yield is not high, but it has the advantages of small body cavity, tender meat, delicious taste, etc., and is loved by people as a superior economic fish. With the increase of dam gates in the tributaries of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the passage of Iwahara carp migration to spawning grounds has been blocked; in addition, high-intensity fishing, especially large-scale electric fishing, has serious damage to its resources; coupled with the deterioration of water quality caused by sewage discharge from factories along the river, the growth rate of this species of fish is relatively slow, and the population cannot be replenished in time, so the wild population is tending to decrease year by year.
Iwahara carp
4. Rift catfish
Commonly known as Ba Hong, a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the genus Rift catfish. It lives in the plains of rivers and lakes in the tropical rainforest belt of Southeast Asia. Prefers slow-flowing waters. It is an omnivorous fish. In China, only distributed in the lower reaches of the Lancang River in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, Mengla and Menglun, the population of the Rift Gorge Catfish in the Nanla River is still very stable. It is found in Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, the Malay Peninsula, Kalimantan, Sumatra and Java. It is very similar to the appearance of military fish and knotted fish. Large-scaled catfish is a large carp distributed in Southeast Asia, fierce temperament, strong swallowing ability, in the place of origin is the dominant fish species, China's lancang river downstream species and common in the flower and bird market Thai species have obvious differences, eye to head ratio and adult body color is not the same. As ornamental fish, it belongs to the category of bad eggs in the fish tank, and should not be polycultured with small fish
Rift catfish
5. Catfish
It is distributed in Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and other places, and is distributed in the main stream of the Lancang River and its tributary Xiaohei River in Xishuangbanna. The type origin of this species is in Thailand. It is a rare and endangered fish species. At present, due to artificial fishing and large-scale destruction of the ecological environment, the population has been scarce, and many origins have disappeared. The body is flattened on the side, the back is significantly raised, the dorsal fin is the highest at the beginning, and the thorax and abdomen are rounded and narrow. Small head; short and blunt snout. The mouth is sub-inferior, slightly horseshoe-shaped, with a slightly sloping mouth fissure and a posterior end reaching below the posterior edge of the nostrils. The posterior labial sulcus is interrupted. No need, big eyes. Like crucian carp, and like bream, red eyes are a little like red-eyed trout.
Catfish
6. White mandarin
The scientific name is the Chinese lesser-scaled mandarin, commonly known as the white-headed mandarin fish, which prefers to live in the flowing water environment. Subfamily Mandarin, Genus Lesser Scaled Mandarin, Chinese Lesser Scaled Mandarin. It is found in major rivers in Zhejiang, Guangxi and Hainan Island. The head is slightly pointed, the mouth is larger, and the lower jaw protrudes slightly forward. The nostrils are far from the immediate edge of the eye. The upper and lower jaws of canine teeth are underdeveloped. The scales are slightly larger in the same type of fish. There are three narrow black stripes on the gill cap on the posterior margin of the eye, and a dark spot on the upper corner of the posterior gill cap. It is known as "Chinese tiger fish" and has high ornamentality.
White mandarin
7. White-edged anchovies
White-edged anchovies
8. Spotted forktail catfish
Also known as ditch catfish, pincer fish, belongs to the catfish order, catfish family. It is a large freshwater fish, which has the advantages of miscellaneous food, fast growth, wide adaptability, strong disease resistance and superior meat quality.
Spotted forktail catfish
9. Spotted mandarin
It is distributed in the Pearl River, east of the Yangtze River, and north to the waters of the Liao River and the Yalu River. It grows mainly in the lake waters of the Guijiang and Xijiang rivers. Benthic, prefers clear water, especially hiding in rocks, tree roots or lush grass.
Spotted mandarin fish
10. Baoshan shin-light lipfish
A genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae. There are the following species: Baoshan four-whiskered fish, soft-finned four-whiskered fish, Bryce new-light lip fish, narrow-body new-light lip fish, Du's new-light lip fish, Heinz's new-light lip fish, hetero-mouth four-whiskered fish, ink-leaved four-whiskered fish, long-winged new-light lip fish, black striped new-light lip fish, small-scaled new-light lip fish, resembling qiu new-light lip fish, large-spined new-light lip fish, Si's new-light lip fish, Shi's new light-lipped fish, Sumatran new-light-lipped fish, Ti's new-light lip fish, Special-striped new-light lip fish, decorated with new light lip fish, etc.
Baoshan shin-light lip fish
11. Flat snout fish (Xinjiang bighead fish)
Flatnose fish, commonly known as Xinjiang bighead fish, is a special fish in China, and is also a precious species in the world's split-bellied fish, a national first-class protected animal, known as a living fossil of ancient fish. Only one genus and one species exist in the Tarim water system in the world.
Flat-snouted fish
12. Red-eyed trout
Cyprinidae, subfamily Yarrow, genus Red-eyed trout, locally known as red-eyed fish. The body is long barrel-shaped, the abdomen is round, the posterior part is more flattened, the body color is silvery-white, the back is slightly dark gray, and there is a significant erythema on the upper edge of the eye, so it is called red-eyed fish.
Red-eyed trout
13. Spiny-finned sturgeon
It is a species endemic to China. It is distributed in the lower reaches of the Yuanjiang River, Guangxi, Hainan and so on. The spiny-finned quartz is so similar to the high-body quartz that it is easy to misidentify, and the easiest way to judge it is that the first fin of the high-body quartzal fin is white, while the barbed-finned quarry is not white.
Spiny-finned scorpionfish
14. Red catfish
The red carp is a species of fish in the genus Red carp of the subfamily Cyprinidae, widely distributed in all major water systems in the country, and is a relatively small economic fish, up to about 1 pound.
Green shoots
15. Large-spotted loach
Cyprinidae, Loach family, genus Loach. It is found in Sichuan, Cao'e River, Ou River, Yuan River, Minjiang River, Jiulong River, Han River and Pearl River. The body is slightly elongated and flattened on the sides. The eye is medium large and is located in the front half of the head. There is not a pair of button-like protrusions under the chin.
Large-spotted loach
16. Giant snout
It is mainly distributed in the Yellow River, Liaohe River, Tumen River and Heilongjiang River. Cyprinids, Cyprinidae, genus Macrosnose. Small and medium-sized fish, the body length is slightly flattened, the tail stalk is slender. There is a narrow black longitudinal stripe in the middle of the back, and there are often small black dots on the side of the body or a black longitudinal band from the upper corner of the gill hole to the base of the caudal fin, and the tail is more prominent. Loves living in mountain streams. Omnivorous, feeding on insect larvae, etc.
Big snout
17. White cloud gold wire fish
Cyprinidae, tang fish genus, is distributed in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong. Tang fish is endemic to China and is a national second-level key protected wild animal.
White cloud goldfish
18. Dianchi Lake golden line catfish
Commonly known as the goldfish, it is a national second-level protected animal only produced in the Dianchi Lake Basin. It is a unique fish in Dianchi Lake, and together with the good fish of the crucian carp, the big head carp and the Dali bowfish, it is known as the four famous fish in Yunnan.
Dianchi lake golden thread catfish
19. Short-bearded carp
It is distributed in the Yangtze River and Lancang River systems. It prefers gentle water and is a carnivorous fish. The sides of the body are flattened and the contours are long ovate. The mouth is subordinated and horseshoe-shaped. The corner of the mouth must have 1 pair. The side lines are complete.
Short-whiskered carp
20. Blunt snout flower fish
Commonly known as ornithischia, cyprinids, cyprinids, a species of fish in the genus Stickfish. It is found in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Short and thick. The snout is short and blunt, and the nostrils are sunken in front. The upper lip has papillae and the lower lip has small papillae on either side of the lobes. The upper and lower jaws have edges. 1 pair is required. The pectoral fin is thicker without branches and has a pearl star.
Blunt snout flower fish
21. Fujian striped chest
It is commonly known as stone yellow gu, bone nail, yellow cow horn, sheep horn fish. The body is slightly stubby, the dorsal margin is raised, the ventral margin is slightly rounded and convex, and the posterior body of the head is flattened. The head is slightly larger, flattened, and the back is covered with thick skin. The snout is flattened and blunt. The eyes are small, dorsally positioned, and located in the posterior half of the head.
Fujian striped chest
22. High-body wrench
Commonly known as fire flakes, trouts, and trouts, they are distributed in various water systems south of the Yangtze River. A species of fish in the genus Cyprinidae. The body is flattened and oval in shape. No need for a quarrel. The hypopharyngeal teeth are rowed, and the tooth surface is smooth. The lateral line is incomplete,
High-body squid
23. Arch-spotted oriental ray
The bow-spotted oriental pufferfish is both a food fish and an ornamental fish of the puffer family, also known as a spectacled doll. Commonly known as chicken bubbles, holding pots, puffer fish, glasses dolls. It is found along the southeast coast and its lower reaches of rivers. Blood and internal organs are highly toxic and should be eaten with caution. Blood, flesh and internal organs can be used.
Arch-spotted oriental ray
24. Yellowtail carp
Commonly known as yellow tail, yellow flakes, yellow fish, yellow girl. Yellowtail carp is a small and medium-sized fish that grows in freshwater, with a pale yellow patch on the posterior edge of the gill cap and orange-yellow caudal fins.
Yellowtail carp
25. Haifengsha pond fish
A species of fish in the suborder Saltang fish of the suborder Saltang fish in the family Sand pond fish. Commonly known as the four non-like, meat cone, dumb fish, toad fish, pond snake, sand snakehead, native fish, dumb fish, earthy fish, blind gazi, earth dog gong, wooden grandmother, tiger head shark, tiger head dumb, earth po fish. It is a small freshwater carnivorous fish.
Haifeng Sand Pond Fish
26. Black-spotted ridge pond fish
A species of fish in the genus Pond pond in the family Crested Pond Fish. The individual is elongated, the front part of the body is cylindrical, and the posterior side is flattened. The dorsal margin is slightly raised , the abdomen is relatively straight , and the caudal stalk is long and high. The fish has large ctenophores , rounded scales on the thorax and abdomen , and most of the scales have a small secondary scale at the base.
Black-spotted pond fish
27. Heilongjiang salmon
Commonly known as gourd seeds, it is distributed in Europe and The Heilongjiang River system in China. The body is flattened on the side and slightly oval in outline. Small mouth, terminal position. The lower jaw is slightly shorter than the upper jaw and is not required. Neither the dorsal fin nor the fin has any hard spines, and the dorsal fin starts opposite the fin. The lateral line is incomplete.
Heilongjiang salmon
28. Fresh lip fish
Commonly known as brook grouper, rosefish. The body is slender, flattened laterally, with a slight bulge on the back of the head and a rounded and shallowly curved abdomen. The head is medium-sized, flattened laterally, with a slightly pointed front end.
Fresh lip fish
29. Redfin square-mouthed catfish
Cyprinidae, Quarryfish genus. The body is tall, flattened, nearly long, diamond-shaped, and the abdomen is broadly rounded. Small head, blunt kiss. The snout whiskers and the corners of the mouth must be 1 pair each, both of which are developed. The eyes are slightly larger, laterally seated, and the head behind the eyes is longer than the snout. Gills are golden yellow. The fins are red , with narrow black edges on the outer edges of the dorsal and caudal fins.
Redfin square-mouthed catfish
30, thick-lipped naked heavy-lipped fish
Cyprinids, subfamily Schizopteraceae, genus Of the genus Nuderalidae. Commonly known as heavy lip flower fish, hemp fish, stone flower fish. It is distributed in the Minjiang, Jialing, Hanshui and other river systems in the Yangtze River Basin and in the various water systems of the Heilongjiang River Basin.
Thick-lipped naked heavy-lipped fish
31. Hua Yu
It is widely distributed, except for some parts of the northwest plateau, almost all over the major river systems in China, and is distributed in rivers and lakes in the plain area. It is a common fish in rivers and lakes.
Hua Yu
32. Jialing jaw whiskers
A species of fish in the genus Cyprinidae. In China, it is distributed in the upper reaches of the Jialing River and the upper reaches of the Han River.
Jialing jaw whiskers
33. Pointed-headed gold-threaded catfish
The posterior margin of the dorsal fin is serrated, the head is pointed, there are 2 pairs of whiskers, developed and thick, the upper jaw must extend to the posterior edge of the eye, the angle of the mouth must reach the posterior edge of the anterior gill cover, the body surface is scaleless, the lateral line is complete, and the upper side of the body has irregular black spots. Camp half cave dwelling.
Pointed-headed gold-threaded catfish
34. Curly fish (Jiayu)
It is commonly known as jia fish, mouse fish, and mouse head fish. It is a sedentary fish that lives in wide riverbeds, large flow rates, deep pools in the river, deep water sections with clear water at the bottom of the rock, and stone caves with spring water.
Curly fish
35. Wide-headed panfish
Cyprinids, Cyprinids, subfamily Wild carp. Due to the presence of suction cups and the formation of distinct horseshoe-shaped folds, it becomes a genus alone. It is a small fish species distributed in the Nanpanjiang river system, the Yuanjiang river system and the Pearl River system in Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi.
Wide-headed pan-based bass
36. Lhasa split-bellied fish
It is an endemic fish of the genus Rift-bellied fish in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region of the cyprinid family. Known locally as the sharp beak, it is mainly distributed in the main tributaries of the middle reaches of the Brahmaputra.
Lhasa split-bellied fish
37. Perch carp
The perch is a species of perch in the cyprinid family Cyprinidae, including the golden sand perch, the flower perch and the back perch. The Jinsha perch is distributed in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and its tributaries, the flower perch is distributed in Fuxian Lake, and the back perch is distributed in the Lancang River system.
Perch
38. Silver catfish
Silver catfish
39. Cuttlefish
Cyprinids, cyprinids, subfamily Wild carp, a species of fish in the genus Cuttlefish. Commonly known as cuttlefish, dongpo fish, black stick, catfish.
Cuttlefish
40. Southern white turtle
A species of fish in the genus White turtle in the subfamily Cyprinidae. It is distributed in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River and Yuanjiang river systems. It is commonly known as southern snout fish, chamom fish, red-tailed olive, flat-headed olive, beachhead carp, qikou carp, and stone carp. The body is slender, flattened laterally, the head is short and wide, the snout is conical, the mouth is lower, and it is transversely lobed.
Southern white turtle
41. Mockingbird
Catfish, family Cyprinidae, a genus of fish in the genus Cyprinidae. Commonly known as the oxtail fish.
Mockingbird
42. Qi's carp
Qi's carp
43. Carp
The body is elongated, laterally flattened, and the dorsal bulge behind the head is insignificant, and is generally the highest point at the beginning of the dorsal fin. The head is long, the mouth is at the end, the upper jaw is slightly more prominent than the lower jaw, it is horseshoe-shaped, the mouth is more inclined, the lips are thicker, usually there are two pairs of whiskers, the snout is about half the length of the angle of the mouth, and some fish must disappear. The living back is greyish , the abdomen is yellowish , and the caudal fins are black at the edges.
Carp
44. Snake bass
Commonly known as boat nails, poplars, hit boat nails, coffin nails, sand cones. It inhabits small fish in the middle and lower layers of rivers and lakes, and prefers to live in the slow water sand bottom with an elongated body, slightly cylindrical shape, a slightly raised back, a slightly flattened abdomen, and a slightly flattened tail stalk.
Snake bass
45. Leaf whisker fish
Cyprinids, cyprinids, subfamily fish of the schizocephalic fish family, endemic to the Yunnan Plateau in China. This species was historically distributed in the Xiaozhongdian River, Naya River, Bita Sea, Zhidu Lake and Napa Sea in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and was a specialized grade species in the tertiary evolution of schizophrenic fish under the uplift geological background of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Leaf whisker fish
46. Silk-tailed half-crucian
It is a tropical freshwater fish distributed in the mekong, chao phraya, Malay peninsula, Borneo and Sumatra freshwater basins in Asia, with a brown and sometimes green luster, a jagged inner edge of pectoral fin spines, a flattened head, a wrinkled top of the head, and 4 pairs of tentacles. It mainly inhabits streams, ponds and flooded forests with sandy bottoms, and migrates to feed on aquatic insects, crustaceans and fish, and can be used as edible and ornamental fish.
Silk-tailed half-carp
47. Ayu
It is found in Chinese mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan, Japan, and the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The body is long and narrow, flattened, the head is small and pointed, and the mouth is large and the eyes are small. The dorsal margin is dark , and the sides and abdomen are white. The tail is forked, without hard spines, and has a small fat fin behind the dorsal fin.
Ayu
48. Wild carp
The african and Asian river fish of the genus Cyprinidae. The mouth is located on the ventral surface of the head, the lips are thick and suitable for adsorption, and the mouth whiskers are small, 2 to 4. Bottom-feeding, feeding on algae and small animals. India's South Asian wild carp is good for food fish and swimming fishing
Wild carp
49. Long-bodied heterophyllum
Guangxi is distributed in the Li River and Hongshui River, and outside Guangxi in the Beijiang River. The body is slender , slightly cylindrical at the front , flattened laterally at the posterior , and slender tail stalk. The head is small, slightly flattened, the top of the head is flat, and the eye septum is wide. The snout is round and blunt, protruding forward, with small beads. The snout is hypertrophied.
Long-bodied heterocephalus
50. Long hips
It is a specialty of the Pearl River system. It is distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Guizhou, Yunnan and so on. The long-rumped fish are swimmeral fish with a prominent snout and blunt rounding. The mouth is proximal, curved, and the maxilla is slightly protruding. Its meat is delicious and contains more fat.
Long hips