Documentary of the "9.11" massacre in Luzhou

Today is September 11th, and there is nothing special except that it reminds me of the "911" incident in the United States. Drinking tea and reading books as usual, casually flipping through the "Zhuhua Dynasty Anthology" that I was looking for on the stall, I happened to encounter the disaster documentary experienced by the people of Luzhou 82 years ago, and I couldn't help but feel a thousand feelings, as a Luzhou person, I really don't know this history, I consulted the Internet, and there are few records. In order not to forget history, he copied it as follows overnight to enlighten the world.

During the July 7 Incident, the Japanese Government issued three Guards Declarations, formulated the No. 101 Battle Plan, dispatched a large number of Japanese aircraft, and indiscriminately bombed the capital Chongqing and the rear area in a vain attempt to force the Chongqing Government headed by Chiang Kai-shek to surrender. Luzhou was one of the bastions that supported the War of Resistance, and naturally became the target of Japan's key air raids, which were bombed many times. This article is the author's personal experience of the "September 11" tragedy and witnessed the tragic situation:

First, the occurrence of tragic cases

At 9:00 a.m. on September 11, 1939, a ball hung from the roof of the Luzhou Bell and Drum Tower, and the air defense command issued a pre-action warning. I and four of my classmates rushed to Zhongshan Lu Vocational School to hide. The breathing was still undecided, the air raid sirens and emergency sirens sounded one after another, the enemy planes were almost in the air, we rushed into the air defense bunker of the vocational school, sat at the entrance of the cave, looked up at the Lan (blue) sky, looked down at the whole city, and wanted to see what was going on.

A group of enemy planes flew from the direction of Hejiang, three in a group, nine in a team, and three teams of 27. Fly to the bean sprouts and turn into a zigzag and swoop down towards the city. As soon as it entered the sky over the city, the bombs on board poured down, and the sound of bomb explosions and bombs was interspersed with the sound of rattling machine guns. Thick smoke rose up in the sky, and the tongue of fire engulfed the city, especially the north city. A tragic human tragedy began. After the first explosion, the group flew over Zhongshan to the upper reaches of the Tuojiang River, and six or seven minutes later, it flew over the sky again, a burst of machine gun fire, the sound of bomb explosions, the earthquake bomb shelter trembled, and the wall mud fell. The four of us were silent, knowing in our hearts that the bombshells of the Japanese Empire were committing the crime, and lamenting that we did not know how many houses had been destroyed and killed, which was a heinous crime committed by the evil Japanese fascists.

About an hour later, the alarm was lifted, and two of my classmates from Qialu (China Institute of Applied Chemistry) came out of the hole first. The first sight was that the vocational school kitchen had been shot, a corner of the house had been blown off, and the crater was about five feet in diameter. There are three bomb craters on the side of the road down the mountain, the big one is over the top, there is blood on the side of the pit, the wounded outside the pit are waiting to be rescued, we tore open the clothing cloth to give the initial bandage, wait until the rescue stretcher team carried away, only to go to the back door of the Qialu, walked to a look, saw xun Zhaolin, the duty officer of the poison gas warehouse, was injured in the rescue poison after the warehouse was bombed, and his face was swollen. He said that the first time the enemy plane dropped a number of bombs on Qialu and blew up the water tower; the second time, it dropped a number of heavy bombs on the tower, destroying the reinforced concrete database under the tower, and the office buildings of other departments were also shot and collapsed.

Entering the west gate, there are yellow buckets of water storage for air defense on the side of the road, all of which are vibrating rings (broken), and the water flows all over the street, adding to the tragic situation. Residents near the Bell and Drum Tower snatched clothes and other pieces from their burning homes and piled them at the foot of the Bell and Drum Tower, gathering like a mountain. Old and weak women and children sat on the ground and looked at the sky and cried, cursed the Japanese pilots, and blew up people's houses for no reason. The residents of the Yinghui Road area, who were even more devastated, helped the old and the young, and walked with difficulty to the direction of Zhongshan, preparing to go to the countryside to join their relatives and find a safe place.

In the area of Dashizi, many store clerks are rushing to transport goods and account books in the store. Stretcher teams and sliding rods are rushing to transport the dead and wounded. The deceased covered his head with a white cloth and went to Zhongshan to bury him; the wounded were carried to the "Red Cross Hospital" and "Dachang Hospital" in Nancheng, which had not been bombed, and after the two hospitals were full, they were carried to the temporary hospitals in the southern suburbs, so that the green road in the southern suburbs and the dry fields and vegetable soil on both sides were filled with door panels and bamboo cool boards for carrying the wounded. The wounded were blown up, burned, and strafed by machine guns; the wounded areas were all on the head, chest, arms, legs, and feet. The stretcher is divided into two roads, one way straight to the door of the Sanyan Brain Ren Fan Qing Medical Center; the other way to the dock to Lantian Jinji Ferry, ready to send to the newly established medical point on the south bank. The wounded and the families of the wounded who were guarding them all cursed the atrocities of the Japanese Kou with sorrow and hoped that the soldiers in front of us would drive the Japanese devils out of China.

At the shuijing ditch near Charity Road, Zhang Cangying, Zhou Ruiling, Zhang Chengyao and others were seen, who held silver dollars to reward firefighters; each person who participated in the firefighting in this area had a silver dollar. In addition, two hand-cranked fire trucks were pulled from the fire brigade, with the purpose of blocking the fire north of Zhao Alley (where there are two wind and fire walls), so as not to extend the fire to the south and ensure the safety of the street houses in Nancheng. There are also bomb craters on Charity Road, and there is a lot of blood on the side of the large bomb crater on the street near the Gate of Condensation, and it seems that there must be casualties.

At 3 p.m., the city defense army announced martial law, and the section of the fire site was allowed to enter and exit. When the west gate enters the city, it must have a special pass; in addition to stretchers and medical rescue teams, the south gate must also be inspected, so as to maintain law and order at the scene.

Second, how many people were killed and injured

Although the time for the Japanese planes to raid Luzhou for the second time was less than 30 minutes, they dropped 60 or 70 bombs of various kinds and a number of incendiary bombs, and the machine gun ammunition was even more numerous. The bomb was 500 pounds the largest and 20 or 30 pounds smaller, and a piece of shrapnel picked up in Zhongshan had the Showa year number and weight on it. In 1994, Luzhou Medical College dug up an unexploded bomb during the construction of the infrastructure, which was the evidence left by the Japanese Kou in Luzhou (jiangyang forum has photos).

The number of dead and wounded in the Japanese bombing varies. According to the incomplete statistics of Jiang Jigao, deputy district chief of the urban area, deputy chief of the fire brigade of the air defense headquarters, and chief of the stretcher team, according to the incomplete statistics of the burial team return and the disaster relief committee, the number of dead and injured was more than 2,700 (more than 1,160 dead bodies, and 1,445 light and seriously injured), and about 300 people who were handled by their families and did not participate in the registration. This figure was published on page 91 of the fifth series of luzhou literature and history materials, and is recognized as an official statistic, which is more reliable than rumors. The remains were distributed near the bamboo shelf at the east gate; more than 230 bodies in the area from the Great North Gate and the Little North Gate to loquat ditch and Huangpo Mountain; more than 320 bodies in the reservoir outside the West Gate (now the football stadium), Shichangwan and the eastern foothills of Chungzhong Mountain; and 86 in various neighborhoods in the city. The death was extremely tragic, Xin Fayuan accountant Xie Weide, was blown up on the street of Ningguangmen, the head, torso, limbs were unrecognizable, only identified from clothing, shoes and other fragments; Yang Xiangrui and his wife, the Charity Road Photo Studio, were killed together, and the shock wave threw the two bodies onto the roof across the street, the flesh and blood were blurred and unbearable to see; the mother, wife, two sisters, two sons and six people of The Su QiaoYe Mo Songxuan Zhang Jizhou on New Zi Street were all killed and the house was burned. Zhang said: The saddest thing is that when the six corpses were buried, there was not even a single piece of the corpse cloth, all of them were softly buried, and the six couples and children of the Zheng Yunchuan family and the pen and ink shop were all killed, and there were not even any people who collected the corpses; the husband and wife, daughter-in-law, and grandchildren of Liu Xingliu's family at the east gate were all killed, which was really full of misfortune.

3. Loss of houses and property

"Nine, one by one" bombing, the Japanese plane did not know how to drop a lot of incendiary bombs, the time was only half an hour, the city in the eight directions of the fire, the north city fire field the most. In the afternoon, the fire tongue of the street house on the side of the bell and drum tower, licking (Tim) and the residents on the side of the building piled up debris, the flames burst into the building and burned up, because the building body played the role of a smoke canister, the surrounding flames rushed upward from the building, it was really a fire, and the only public timing clock in Luzhou was burned down. Post-fire statistics: more than 7,600 households were burned in the street houses, accounting for 88% of the more than 8,700 households in the urban area, and more than 1,100 households remained in the south city. And the prosperous North City, there is very little left. From the East Gate through Yinghui Road and Baocheng Road out of the West Gate; turn right through Xinma Road, Baoqing Street, Shuncheng Street to the South Gate Laojun Temple; from Brick City Street through Shuijinggou to Zhongshan Park; from Yuanqian Street via Sanbei Turn, Huangpo Street, Guihua Street to Dabeimen; from Huijin Gate via Xiaoyi Road, Zhiping Road, Charity Road to Zhao Xiangzi are all hard-hit areas. Among them, the Bell and Drum Tower, the Library, the Zhiping Temple, the Armory of the Luyong Division, and the surrounding areas of Zhongcheng Park have all turned into ashes. Many people are fried and burned, their clothes have not been snatched out a little, there is no needle and thread, a bowl and a chopstick, let alone a thousand. It's horrible.

According to Jiang Jigaowen, deputy chief of the fire brigade of the Air Defense Command at that time (the fifth series of Luzhou Wenshi): "In this great tragedy, the areas where commercial areas, shops, stacks, and warehouses were lined up. Big and Small River Street is the center of grain, oil, tobacco, alcohol, sugar and salt; Aizu Chengyuan Street is a concentration area of mountain goods and medicinal materials; Niuzi Street is a flower yarn, cloth bank money house and their stack warehouses; Sanpaifang, Dashizi, Xiaoyi Road is Pitou and department store; Baita Street and Charity Road are shoes and leather new drugs, clocks and watches; New Road Baoqing Street is building materials and small department stores. There are 20 to 30 streets in these neighborhoods, and all the shops, workshops, mansions, houses, food and clothing utensils, underground kiln warehouses, iron safes, etc., have all been reduced to ashes. The preliminary statistics are that the silver coin is more than 20 million yuan, and the approximate value of gold is more than 100,000 taels (calculated according to the bank price at that time)"

The losses of the "9.11" massacre in Luzhou are: the number of casualties is second only to Chongqing (more than 4400 people); more houses have been destroyed than in Chengdu (Chengdu 6.11 bombed and burned 6,075 houses), and the disaster in a medium-sized city is the first in Sichuan.

4. Porridge factory and hospital for serious injuries

The victims of the "Nine-One Eleven" disaster are all home-destroyed and penniless, and the first thing to do is to solve the problem of eating. Led by the Luxian Disaster Relief Committee, the county government, the county party department, the ministry of air defense, and the senate formed a porridge factory, the field grain management office allocated more than 1,400 city stones to the valley, and one porridge was provided in each section of the three places, such as Shuijinggou, Jingguangmen, and nancheng Joint Security Office, and porridge was given at 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. every day, regardless of men, women, old and young, and each person had a large bowl. This simple porridge factory saved many lives at that time.

In late September, Mr. Youzhang, a Canadian humanities child born in Leshan, was entrusted by Song Meiling, the chief supervisor of the Chongqing New Life Sports Association, to lead the medical team to rescue the seriously injured people of "September 11". At that time, the Luzhou Air Defense Headquarters had formed a medical group headed by Peng Yungu, which was divided into the First SeriousLy Injured Hospital and the Red Cross Hospital. Peng Yungu was directly responsible for receiving more than 200 wounded; the Second Serious Injury Hospital set up Dachang Hospital, which was responsible for Zhou Ruiling, and received 170 wounded; the Third Serious Injury Hospital set up a small city smoking cessation center, which was responsible for Jia Benduan, and received more than 200 wounded. Due to the large number of patients, the small number of medical staff, and the serious shortage of surgical instruments and drugs, many wounded people have thick wounds and even maggots. The arrival of Wen Youzhang solved the difficulties of insufficient doctors, medicines and equipment, and saved the lives of many critically injured people. In urban areas, it is not conducive to work due to frequent alarms. The Fourth Hospital for Serious Injuries was also set up in the main temple of The Changchuan River in Tai'an. It was not until the end of February 1940 that the four hospitals completed the treatment of the seriously injured people in the "September 1-" massacre.

After Mr. Wen Youzhang came to Luzhou, he saw that the victims of Luzhou were living in great difficulty, so he handed over the one thousand yuan donated by chongqing catholics to Pastor Qin Shixiang, and held a porridge factory in the Three Inverted Turn Church, still giving a large bowl every day at 10:00 a.m. at 4:00 p.m. for men, women, old and young, and it was given until the end of November.

5. Luzhou after the massacre

Luzhou people have a poetry cloud: "Fatigue bombards bamboo and books, and charcoal is wasted." People ambush the desert to eat rain and dew, three days and four nights do not lift. "In Luzhou, after the Japanese machine raged, the Three Arches, Dashizi, Baita Street, and Niuzi Street became large rubble fields, and each industry stopped. Business activity is the transaction of neither goods nor money. Two months later, the photography industry gradually opened its doors, the new pharmaceutical industry in response to the urgent needs of the masses, only with cool boards in the fire field dam stalls, Pitou Department Store moved to Charity Road, south gate business, but very few, far from meeting the needs of urban and rural people's lives, coupled with two days and three nights did not lift the alarm of the Wei Xie (coercion), some businesses did not dare to resume business, free from delay (burden) fear.

At that time, the crowd's song of the alarm was: "Hang a ball, advance the alarm, report that death is coming; hang two balls, air raid the alarm, and run away to the suburbs; hang three balls, emergency alarm, and scare people's lives." "It is both an aversion to the alarm and a charge of the crimes of the Japanese aggressors.

On the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, I recall the past, which not only hurts luzhou from this unprecedented disaster, but also mourns the huge loss of our people's lives and property. We must not forget the national shame and strive to be strong, and now we must build socialism with Chinese characteristics and not let the historical lessons of backwardness and beating be repeated.