Chinese culture is broad and profound, with a long history, there are many literati and inkers throughout the ages, taking traditional culture as the foundation and expressing their emotions with poetry and songs, which will appear very elegant. For example, to send a farewell to a friend's "persuade the jun to drink a glass of wine, the west out of the Yang Guan no reason", we read from this sentence about the reluctance of the friend, this separate scene, the author euphemistically expressed the sentimentality of the separation, so sincere and moving.
Although the charm of poetry has always been regarded as the standard by literati, the couplet culture in China's traditional culture is a bright pearl. Chinese couplets, also known as The Yang Lian or Tao Fu in the early days, the couplets are divided into uplinks and downlinks, short couplets can be completed with a few words, and long couplets can be completed as many as 100 words. Couplets are also very particular about rhyme, for example, couplets are very similar to classical poetry in terms of flatness, and they are very concerned about whether the couplets are neat, it can be said that couplets are condensed and essence versions of poetry.
A good couplet requires not only a battle, but also a far-reaching idea, if the mood of the upper link and the mood of the lower link do not match, then it is not an excellent couplet. Some people say that it is very simple, such as "star" to "moon", "heaven" to "earth", "thousand" to "ten thousand", etc., it seems that there is a routine to be found, but in fact, this is a wrong understanding. Couplets are flexible and changeable, if it is only for the sake of fighting, it is inevitable that it will fall into a pool of stagnant water, and the flexibility and interest of the couplet cannot be reflected, and it will lose its meaning.
For example, in the simplest sense, the artistic conception of the upper link is to describe the scenery, and the lower link to a character, although the flat and the servant are rhymed, but it is also a failed couplet; for example, the upper link is written by the character, and the lower link is the feeling, and it is not matched. The couplet should be seen through the surface of the text, which is the true meaning of the couplet.
Su Shi, a great scholar of the Song Dynasty, was a master of couplets, and one of Su Shi's friends was named Buddha Yin, and the two often talked about the scriptures together and studied Zen and Sinology culture together, and the relationship was very close. Su Shi has a younger sister named Su Xiaomei, who usually studies with her brother, and naturally has a lot of talent, and is very enthusiastic and fond of couplet culture.
One day, the Buddha Seal came to Su Shi's house and talked about the boundlessness of the Dharma, and the head of the speech was the Tao. Su Xiaomei had heard her brother say that the Buddha Seal was not only a Dharma practitioner, but also a master of the couplet, and today I saw that the mischievous Su Xiaomei just took the opportunity to test his talent, so she walked out, came to the Buddha Seal, and said a Shanglian "People were once monks, and people can become Buddhas."
This pair of upper links is a word breaking union, monk and Buddha are taken apart and then combined together, The Buddha seal knows that Su Xiaomei is mocking herself, how can she be so willing to admit defeat, the Buddha seal carefully thought about it, and then came out of the lower link Female humble as a, female can be called a slave.
In feudal society, maid and slave are all titles for women, Su Xiaomei's face instantly turned red after hearing it, and at the same time admired the astute talent of the Buddha Seal, and slipped into the boudoir without turning her head.
In fact, China's couplet culture is not only prevalent in the Central Plains, but also very popular among the princes and nobles of Mongolia. In the Yuan Dynasty, the great chancellor was detached, and he was very fond of the couplets in the Central Plains. One morning, Emperor Yuan Shun arranged the work of his courtiers, and Cheng Xiang was responsible for setting off for Sanhe tomorrow to deal with things. Emperor Yuan Shun and Xiang Xiang were very closely related, so they gave him a feast and chatted with him until ten o'clock in the middle of the night.
It was getting late, and the minister got up and resigned, saying, "The minister will get up early tomorrow, and he will retreat first." Before leaving, he groaned out a pair of shanglian "half drunk and half awake in the middle of the night". The implication of this is that I have drunk a little too much, am in a state of half-drunkenness and half-awake, and I am leaving at midnight tonight.
After hearing this, Emperor Yuan Shun laughed and said, "Ai Qing does not have to be too early tomorrow", saying that he had made a subordinate link of "three more three points to three rivers". Emperor Yuan Shun told him that he could leave for Sanhe at three o'clock. This pair of the Yuan Shun Emperor can be said to be a wonderful pair, which can be called a classic. After hearing it, he prostrated his head to Thank you, and this couplet between the monarch and the courtier was recorded by posterity and passed down as a good story.
Today's topic: The upper link is "people were once monks, people can become Buddhas" or "half drunk and half awake in the middle of the night", can you come out of the lower link? Welcome to show your talents in the message area below, and we will exchange and learn together.
Text | Guoxue Grand View Garden
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