In the late Western Jin Dynasty, the Sima family was murderous and ruthless, and the people were in deep trouble. Later generations were indignant, and even hoped that liu yuan, a Xiongnu, could unify the country and open up a prosperous world. At that time, the degree of Sinicization of the Xiongnu was already very high, and Liu Yuan once worshiped the party member Cui You as a teacher, studied the "History", "Book of Han", "Mao Shi", etc., and his favorite two books, "The Biography of the Left Clan in Spring and Autumn" and "The Art of War of Sun Wu", could almost be memorized.
But when it comes to learning, Liu Yuan still has to be modest in front of his son Liu Cong, a child who has been studious since childhood, and who has learned everything through the subset of history, and can blurt out "Sun Wu's Art of War". When I lift the pen, not only is the cursive writing dragon flying phoenix, the key is that the pen head is full of flowers, and the article is also written in gold knot embroidery, and the waves are old. According to the Book of Jin, Liu Cong's poems have more than 100 and more than 50 hymns.
Not only can he write, but the history books record that Liu Cong's martial arts also have few opponents: "The ape arm is good at shooting, bending the bow for three hundred pounds, the strength is swift, and the crown is outstanding." Historically, such capable people with both culture and martial arts are indeed like the morning star. Wang Hun of Taiyuan, one of the "Eight Gentlemen of Wei and Jin", admired him very much and once said to Liu Yuan, "I can't predict anything here." "It means that this child's future is far-reaching and unlimited.
At the age of twenty, Liu Cong traveled to Luoyang, befriended high-ranking people, and broadened his horizons. Later, the world was in turmoil, and his father Liu Yuan took advantage of the situation to open up territory in Hedong. Helping his father to build a country and conquer the north in the south, Liu Cong took on a heavy responsibility. When Liu Yuan was proclaimed emperor, Liu Cong was promoted to the rank of Grand General of cheqi and was soon made the King of Chu.
Unfortunately, Liu Yuan, who was very imperial, fell seriously ill only two years after he ascended the throne, and as soon as he died, Xiao Wall caused a disaster, and his sons began bloody infighting.
After Crown Prince Liu He ascended the throne, he was fooled by a group of people such as Hu Yanyou (Oh!). Hu Yanyou is the ancestor of the Flickering Sect? In order to cut off the power of the kings, the result was not secret, and Liu Cong, who had 100,000 male soldiers, led people into the palace and killed the emperor's brother in the west room of the Guangji Hall. Of course, Hu Yanyou and others were also beheaded and paraded in public.
Liu Cong killed his brother to ascend the throne, and this kind of thing was also done by many Han people, and GongDou was always the most desperate.
In general, Liu Cong's route was similar to that of later Tang Taizong, but his emperor's appearance was very different from that of Tang Taizong.
Today, we will not talk about how he slacked off the government and trusted the traitors, nor did he say that he indulged in eroticism and defiled the palace, nor did he say that he acted arbitrarily and killed loyal subjects, so that the country that just showed signs of prosperity took a sharp turn for the worse.
Just talking about the attitude towards the captives of the two emperors of the Western Jin Dynasty exposed his nature, and he was very arrogant and arrogant, making people suspect that after reading books for so many years, it was of no use to him.
Liu Cong ascended the throne for three months, and sent Liu Yao, Wang Mi, and his son Liu Yue (劉粲), the king of Hanoi, to lead an attack on Luoyang. After the destruction of the city, they plundered and slaughtered more than 30,000 officials and clansmen. Liu Yao was Liu Yuan's adopted son, Xiao Yong was good at war, and saw that Sima Zheng,the empress dowager of the Jin Hui Emperor, was very graceful and took her as a concubine.
Sima Chi, the Emperor of Jinhuai, was captured on the way to escape and sent to Pingyang (Linfen, Shanxi). At first, Liu Cong was able to get by him, first as the Duke of Ping, and then as the Duke of Huiji County, Yi Tongsan Division.
In fact, Liu Cong and Emperor Huai Sima Chi were old acquaintances. When Emperor Huai was still the King of Yuzhang, he had seen Liu Cong, and at that time he was just a Fanbang boy, but the King of Yuzhang had heard of him and knew that he wrote well. King Yuzhang was studious and humble, and also gave Liu Congrang advice on the Lefu poems he had written. At that time, Liu Cong was sincerely afraid and showed off his spirit and wrote a "Sheng De Ode", which Was praised by King Yuzhang after reading it.
At a banquet, Liu Cong mentioned this matter, and Emperor Huai said that he remembered, and said very contrary to his heart: "It was only at that time that his eyes were clumsy, and he could not see the appearance of His Majesty's emperor." ”
Liu Cong was very proud, and he didn't want to think that he had just killed his brother, and asked Emperor Huai: "The Qing family is cannibalistic, why not?" "——Your family is fratricidal, how can it be so powerful?
Emperor Huai of Jin was very sad: "This is probably providence." God wants you to sit in the mountains, and the Sima family themselves fight in the dark. If everyone in our family could be like the founding Emperor Wu, His Majesty would not have a chance to get the world. ”
Liu Cong listened, felt that Emperor Huai was very truthful, and as soon as he was excited, he gave his favored Liu Guiren to Emperor Huai of Jin and made her Lady Huiguo.
But this apparent respect is limited, just over a year. On New Year's Day in 313, Liu Cong feasted on his courtiers, and he suddenly wanted to play a show and order Emperor Huai to "qingyi xingjiu"!
"Qingyi" is the color of the untouchables' clothing, and "drinking wine" is the work of running the hall.
Obediently serve Lao Tzu! This is to openly abuse people, not to mention that Sima Chi was a former emperor, and in that era of valuing door valves, this was also quite humiliating to ordinary people. Some of the old ministers of the Jin Dynasty saw that Emperor Huai could only be silently slaughtered, and they cried bitterly, and Liu Cong was not happy to see the boss.
Shortly after the banquet, someone reported that Liu Kun, an old minister of the Jin Dynasty, had secretly communicated with Jinyang. Liu Cong thought that they might be rebelling against Emperor Huai, and the killing machine suddenly started, so Emperor Huai was poisoned, and more than a dozen Jin courtiers were also killed.
Emperor Huai was Chinese New Year's Eve years old when he was killed, and his burial place is unknown. The woman who was sent out, Liu Cong, was not abandoned, and Liu Guiren was taken back to his side.
Four years later, Sima Yi, the last emperor of the Western Jin Dynasty, was also captured and sent to Pingyang.
I don't know whether to say that Sima Yi's life is good or bad. To put it badly, the family is a heavenly nobleman, who became the crown prince at the age of 12, and after the death of Emperor Huai of Jin, he ascended the throne as emperor in Chang'an. Say it's fate, okay? Internal and external troubles, this emperor was too miserable, and the imperial court was so poor that even the clothes of the carriages and horses could not be put together. In August of the fourth year of Jianxing, that is, in 316 AD, Liu Yao led an army to besiege Chang'an, severed ties between the inside and outside of the city. Since the Yongjia Rebellion, the world has fallen apart, the emperor's side has stepped on the car, and the four generals have no one to take care of.
Emperor Sima Yi of Jin
Chang'an City was besieged for two months, and even the bread used for winemaking was smashed to make porridge for the emperor to drink. Emperor Huan of Jin also had a conscience, and cried to the minister who supported him at that time, Koji Yun, saying that he deserved to die for the sake of sheji, and if he could save the soldiers from slaughter and the people from suffering, then quickly send a letter and ask for surrender.
The surrender is a grand insulting ceremony, but you can only grit your teeth and endure. On November 11, Emperor Huan of Jin rode in a sheep cart, took off his shirt, and with a jade bi in his mouth, the attendants behind him carried the coffin and went out of the city to surrender. "The Qunchen weeps and climbs the cart, holding the hands of the emperor, and the emperor is also sad and invincible." Yu Jilang really couldn't look at it and simply committed suicide.
Liu Cong ascended the palace, and Emperor Huan of Jin knelt before him and prostrated his head, and when Koji Yun saw this scene, he wept bitterly on the ground and immediately committed suicide.
Emperor Huan of Jin was the nephew of Emperor Huai of Jin, and Liu Cong demoted him to the rank of Grand Master of Guanglu and Marquis of Huai'an, but this little Marquis of Huai'an was only served for one year.
It is said that Liu Cong is also a person who has read the books of the sages, not a barbarian who has not yet been civilized, not to mention that the Emperor of Jin is a peer, they are all dry emperors, people surrender, as long as they are honest and don't trick the ghosts, they should give some face. But Liu Cong was very different, he played wildly, he simply did not treat the Emperor of the Great Jin Dynasty as a dish, and he could be humiliated as much as he wanted.
Liu Cong
In October of the following year, Liu Cong went out hunting and ordered Emperor Huan of Jin to dress in military uniforms and hold spears in his hands, and to open the way for him in front. Some of the remnants of the Jin Dynasty recognized emperor of Jin and were so sad that they wept for a long time.
But this was not too embarrassing, Liu Cong wanted to play the same set he had treated Emperor Huai, shouting at the banquet that Emperor Jin came out, and put on the green clothes of child servants to give everyone a drink. He was almost treated as a shopkeeper, and let him be a dishwasher to clean the wine glasses, and what made the old ministers of the Jin Dynasty most unacceptable was that Liu Cong went to the toilet and actually ordered Emperor Huan to take the toilet lid for him! (Why can't you take this lid and push it his head?) ）
Koji should be glad that he died early and did not see the most absurd and humiliating scene in history, or would he not commit suicide ten more times? A Jinchen named Xin Bin collapsed and cried loudly with emperor Huan, and Liu Cong felt that he was crying irritablely and directly dragged him out to kill.
Forbearance of humiliation is armor for ordinary people, and it is a good recipe for life, but it is not for Sima Ye. Despite his humiliation, he survived until 318 AD, but he was tired of being played, and Liu Cong killed him. The emperor of a country once did not even have a burial place, and it is not known where his body was thrown.
When Sima Yi's father and son plotted to seize the Cao family's jiangshan, where could they have imagined that in just fifty-two years, their descendants would be arrested, suffered all kinds of insults, wanted to live a civilian life, and were executed after being played with enough, at the age of 18.
The land of Pingyang reminds people of the saying that "the tiger fell in Pingyang and was bullied by dogs", although Emperor Huan was not a "tiger", Liu Cong had also been in the limelight, not a "dog", but his kind of ugly state of spoiling people is really not a haojie, using "Mu monkey and crown" to describe him, personally, I think it is appropriate.
In the same year, Liu Cong, who had reigned for nine years, fell seriously ill and was also taken in by God.
Sima Guang's evaluation was: "Cong inherited his old deeds and fell into the two capitals, insulted the Second Emperor, boasted and indulged, was cruel and unrelated, and fortunately died of illness." The grave grass is not born, and the family is slaughtered. ”
Meaning that he has done so much evil, and he is lucky to get sick and die, right? After his death, the crown prince Liu Yue inherited his throne, and the emperor and his father were all the way to the gods, indulging in wine, debauchery, and pushing the government to the general Jin Zhun. Where to know that Jin Zhun is a guy with a long backbone behind his head, he saw the opportunity, launched a mutiny, Liu Cang was killed, and the descendants of the Liu clan, regardless of men, women, old and young, were all pushed to the execution ground. The dead Liu Cong was also not at peace, the dead body was dragged out of the tomb and beheaded, and the Liu Clan Ancestral Temple was burned.
After that, Liu Yuan's nephew Liu Yao declared himself emperor, and he survived for several years, but was eliminated by Shi Le in 329.
The "Han Zhao" regime established by the Xiongnu nobleman Liu Yuan was also known as the Former Zhao, but the Book of Jin scornfully called it a "pseudo-Han", and the imperial court lasted only 25 years before it was destroyed.
Reference Books: Book of Jin, Zizhi Tongjian, History of the Southern and Northern Dynasties of the Two Jin Dynasties, Wei and Jin, Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen Kingdoms, Volume I, Former Zhao Lu