DayangWang News Unmanned Rotary Cultivator Leveling The Land, Unmanned Rice Direct Broadcaster Sowing Seeds, Unmanned Sprayer and Helicopter Applying Medicine and Fertilization, Unmanned Harvester Completes Crop Harvesting... Such an intelligent field scene has become a reality!
On November 3, the National Science and Technology Awards Conference was held in Beijing, the list of the 2020 National Science and Technology Awards was announced, and the achievements presided over by Luo Xiwen, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and professor of South China Agricultural University, won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award for the achievement of "Key Technologies and Applications of Agricultural Machinery Automatic Navigation Operation Based on Beidou". This is also the only project in Guangdong Province hosted and awarded by universities.
The whole process of "farming, management and harvesting" has been unmanned
In the past, people always used to describe the hard work of farmers by "facing the loess and facing the sky", but in the future, all this is expected to change.
A tractor drove along the field road and eventually into a large field and began to plough the fields, but its cab was empty. At the beginning of March this year, at the Zengcheng Teaching and Research Science Base of South China Agricultural University, the unmanned rotary tiller of Luo Xiwen's team began the new year's farming.
This is just a scenario of an uninhabited farm. Under the "blessing" of Professor Luo Xiwen's team's technology, in addition to cultivated land, rice sowing, field management, crop harvesting, the whole process of "farming and management" of unmanned farms can be completed through unmanned machinery. As early as last August, the unmanned farm of Huanong Zengcheng Teaching and Research Science Base harvested the first batch of rice, with an output of about 558.6 kilograms per mu.
Luo Xiwen said that human agriculture has experienced the development from "1.0" to "4.0" from ancient times to the present. "1.0" is a traditional agriculture based on human and animal power, which is the product of agricultural society; "2.0" is a product of industrial society; "3.0" is the era of automated agriculture, which is the product of information society; "4.0" is an era of intelligent agriculture characterized by unmanned humanization. "Unmanned farms are a production method of smart agriculture and a way to achieve smart agriculture."
Since 2004, Luo Xiwen's team has taken the lead in carrying out systematic research on the automatic navigation operation technology of agricultural machinery based on satellite positioning in China, breaking through ten key technologies such as navigation positioning, path tracking, electro-hydraulic steering, motor steering, speed wire control, machine control, automatic obstacle avoidance, master-slave navigation, vehicle-mounted terminal and system integration, and achieved three major innovative achievements: breakthrough in high-precision positioning and attitude detection technology for agricultural machinery automatic navigation operations in complex farmland environments; innovative and proposed full-area coverage operation path planning methods. The path tracking composite control algorithm, automatic obstacle avoidance and master-slave navigation control technology have improved the navigation accuracy, operation quality and operation efficiency of agricultural machinery, and created a line control device for agricultural machinery automatic navigation operation with independent intellectual property rights and a Beidou automatic navigation product for agricultural machinery.
How "sharp" is this achievement? Luo Xiwen introduced that their unmanned agricultural machinery, navigation and positioning accuracy of 2cm, in the dryland operation speed range of 18Km/h, path tracking control accuracy is stable at 2.5cm, can achieve no heavy farming, no leakage of farming. What is more interesting is that the two unmanned agricultural machines can also "tacitly" cooperate, and the lateral tracking error of the "master-slave" harvesting agricultural machinery operation is less than 5cm when walking in a straight line, and the longitudinal tracking error is less than 10cm. In this way, while the harvester is walking and harvesting, it can accurately transfer the grain into the grain truck.
Break the monopoly of foreign technology
The "cleverness" of unmanned agricultural machinery is also reflected in many aspects - unmanned agricultural machinery in the hangar field transfer operation to achieve full automation, that is, agricultural machinery can be automatically transferred from the hangar to the field, after completing the field operation and automatically return to the hangar.
"People do not have to go to the field, unmanned agricultural machinery can achieve real-time monitoring of the crop growth process." Crops lack of fertilizer, whether there are long worms, whether there is disease, whether irrigation is needed, just send drones to the field, you can understand the growth of crops. If necessary, send sprayers and unmanned aircraft. Luo Xiwen said that unmanned agricultural machinery also has the ability to intelligently decide accurate operations, it can make timely decisions according to the growth of crops and pests and diseases, and automatically carry out accurate operations, including precision irrigation, precision fertilization and precision application." Because the fertilization and spraying are very uniform, it can also reduce fertilizers and pesticides and reduce production costs. ”
Speed is also the advantage of unmanned agricultural machinery. Luo Xiwen said that the harvest process of a 14-acre plot of land took only a few tens of minutes, which was much faster than that of artificial. Unmanned agricultural machinery can also improve crop yields, because the positioning is very precise, the sowing route is very straight, the spacing between crop rows is very uniform, ventilation and ventilation, good lighting, and higher crop yields. Not only that, unmanned agricultural machines are positioned through satellite navigation, do not rely on light, and can also operate at night, which greatly improves efficiency.
Some people may worry that if no one operates, no one will not know how to respond to emergencies and is not safe when there is an emergency? There's no need to worry about that. Luo Xiwen said that the unmanned agricultural machinery has set up an automatic obstacle avoidance function, and when it encounters abnormal conditions, it will stop to ensure safety.
It is understood that the overall results of the project have reached the international advanced level, of which the paddy field automatic navigation operation and the main and slave navigation operations are at the international leading level, which meets the precise operation needs of dryland/paddy field ploughing, planting, plant protection and harvesting, breaks the monopoly of foreign technology, ensures the independent safety and controllability of China's agricultural machinery navigation equipment, leads the innovative development of China's agricultural machinery navigation technology, and provides important support for China's modern agricultural intelligent production.
At present, this technological achievement has been used in the production of rice, cotton, wheat, corn and other crops, and has been applied in ten provinces and regions such as Xinjiang, with a total of 2679 sets of agricultural machinery automatic navigation operation products. From 2017 to 2019 alone, the cumulative application area reached 8.715 million mu, saving costs and increasing income by 1.079 billion yuan, with significant economic benefits.
Integrated natural enemy control pest control technology system
This time, Huanong's award-winning achievements ranked second only to China Agricultural University in the national agricultural universities.
Another award-winning project was the achievement of South China Agricultural University as the main completion unit - "Key Technology and Application of Dominant Natural Enemy Insects to Control Major Vegetable Pests", which also won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award.
This achievement was completed by Qiu Baoli, a professor at the College of Plant Protection of South China Agricultural University. Through comprehensive and in-depth study of the key utilization technologies of important natural enemy insects and wide-scale application, the results have lasted for nearly 30 years, and a number of technological innovations and breakthroughs have been made, integrating the control technology system of leafminer flies, small vegetable moths, whitefly and other major pests on the three major types of vegetables of the legume, cruciferous family and nightshade that give full play to the function of natural enemies to control pests. After large-scale application, it not only effectively controls the pest hazard, but also greatly reduces the input of chemical insecticides, and achieves significant economic, social and ecological benefits.
According to reports, since 2017, South China Agricultural University has won 12 national science and technology awards for 4 consecutive years, achieving full coverage of the three awards of the National Natural Science Award, the Technological Invention Award and the Science and Technology Progress Award, covering agricultural engineering, crop breeding, veterinary medicine, livestock and poultry breeding, soil and fertilizer and other characteristic research fields, which fully demonstrates the strong strength of independent innovation of the school.
Text/Guangzhou Daily, New Flower City reporter Lin Xiahong, correspondent Zheng Xueyi, Fang Wei
Photo/ Guangzhou Daily, Xinhuacheng reporter Gao Hetao, correspondent Zheng Xueyi, Fang Wei
[ Editor: Lorenjan ]