Historical Events in Huazhou (I)
Author Zhao Jianwen Zheng Quanxin
The place names of Huazhou have undergone an evolutionary process from Zhengguo and Zhengxian to Huazhou, then to Huaxian county, and finally to Huazhou District of Weinan City. For a long period of history, Huazhou was the political, economic and cultural center of guanzhong and eastern China. The people on this hot land, in the vicissitudes and vicissitudes of the sea and the vicissitudes of more than 2,700 years, have continuously struggled and created many amazing brilliant achievements, leaving countless indelible historical imprints in the history of the development of the Chinese nation.
Qin Jin and Qin Wei fought
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Zheng County was located in the eastern border of the Qin State, and was a military stronghold repeatedly contested by Qin Jin and Qin Wei. The State of Qin set up the "Fortress of ZhengSuo" in Wucheng, Zheng County, as a border pass between Qin and Jin and Wei, and sent troops to guard the pass. For more than 200 years from 619 BC to 387 BC, Qin Jin and Qin Wei fought many wars in the area of Wucheng in Zheng County, each with victory and defeat. Zheng County witnessed the historical chaos of attacking cities and killing each other between the princely states during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
The ruins of Wucheng County south of Liuzhizhen Street are selected from the history of Huazhou
Wucheng, also known as "Wubo City" and "Wubo Camp", is said to have been built by Zheng Wugong, the son of Duke Huan of Zheng, before Zheng Guo moved east, and was a villa during hunting, located in the town of Liuzhi in present-day Huazhou District, and its ruins are still there.
Shang Martin was killed in Zheng County
In 338 BC, Shang Martin, who was famous for presiding over the reform of the Qin State, was framed and convicted by Gongzi Qian and others, the master of the Duke hui of Qin, and was forced to rebel in the area of shangluo, and when the army reached Zheng County, the Qin army was defeated, Shang Martin was killed, and after his death, his body was also severely punished with "car splitting".
Liu Penzi was made emperor in Zheng County
In June of the third year of the late Western Han Dynasty (25 AD), when Fan Chong's Chimei peasant rebel army was marching into Chang'an and passing through Zheng County, an altar was set up in the north of the city, and by touching bamboo, the 15-year-old Liu Penzi was selected to take the throne in Zheng County, that is, the emperor's throne, with the state name Han and the era name Jianshi, in place of Liu Xuan, the first emperor who had previously been supported by the rebel army in Chang'an. A year later, the Chimei peasant rebel army was destroyed by Liu Xiu, the Emperor of Han Guangwu, and Liu Penzi surrendered to Liu Xiu, serving as a short-lived emperor for only 1 year.
"The first state in front of Tonghua Gate"
In the Tang Dynasty, Huazhou and Zheng County became the important towns of and the gateway to the east in the capital Chang'an, and the imperial court once set up a town in Huazhou to make a national army jiedushi envoy and a tongguan defense envoy, and sent heavy troops to defend the beijing division.
The remains of the Tang City Wall in the courtyard of the cotton wool factory were photographed by Song Chaofeng
The change in geographical location and military status made the imperial court look at Huazhou differently, and the history of Huazhou was generally selected from among the important ministers of the imperial court, and 17 people, such as Ling Huchu, Liu Yan, Li Chen, and Cui Xiang, the tang dynasty prime ministers, had served as assassins in Huazhou. Lu Yan, a famous minister who had served as prime minister, and Li Yi, a famous poet, both served as lieutenants of Zheng County. The famous literary scholar Han Yu called Huazhou "the first of the hundred counties, heavier than Fanwei": Guozijian assistant professor Ouyang Zhan song Zheng County "Wangxian out of a hundred, Zheng County is the most"; the famous poet Liu Yuxi called Huazhou "the hundred two mountains and rivers Xiongshangguo"; the famous poet Wang Jian called Huazhou "the first state before the Tonghua Gate". It can be seen that the status of Huazhou is not comparable to that of ordinary states and counties.
Du Fu was in Guanhua Prefecture
In June of the first year of emperor Suzong of Tang (758 AD), Du Fu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty who was then the left heir of the imperial court, was demoted to Huazhou as a sigong to join the army for neglecting the prime minister Fang Zhenmian and violating the magnates, taking responsibility for sacrifices, ritual music, schools, elections, medical examinations, and examinations. In addition to his official duties in Huazhou, Du Fu wrote a large number of poems and articles reflecting the social war and the sufferings of the people, in order to express the feeling of worrying about the country and the people. Among them, there are "Summer Sigh" and "Summer Night Sigh", which reflect the suffering of the people of Huazhou from the great drought; there is also "Pavilion of Zheng County", which praises the beauty of Xixi in Huazhou; and there are also articles such as "Chart of the Situation of Destroying the Disabled Kou for Guo Junjun in Huazhou" and "Five Songs of the Trial of Soldiers in Huazhou in the First Year of the Qianyuan Dynasty", especially in Huazhou, he created and completed the immortal famous chapters in the history of Classical Chinese poetry, "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells", namely " Xin'an Official", "Stone Trench Official", "Tong Guan Official", "New Marriage Farewell", "Farewell to the Elderly", and "Homeless Farewell". The six poems truly show the suffering of the people in the midst of war, and make Du Fu's realist poetry creation reach its peak.
Huazhou Xixi ruins photographed from Song Dynasty Peak
After the autumn of the second year of Qianyuan (759 AD), Du Fu resigned and went west, beginning a wandering life for the second half of his life. The people of Huazhou were grateful for Du Fu's character and achievements in government, affectionately called him "Du Laoguan", and named the place where he often visited Xixi "Laoguantai", which is still used today.
Zhou Zhiguang rebelled in Huazhou
After the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty had a situation in which the feudal towns were divided and the central control was weakened. In the second year of Emperor Yongtai of the Tang Dynasty (766), Zhou Zhiguang, who was then the Assassin of Huazhou and concurrently served as the envoy of Jiedushi of Hua'er prefecture and the defense envoy of Tongguan, rebelled against the imperial court with Huazhou as a base. He flew high, recruited outlaws, expanded his army to tens of thousands, indiscriminately killed innocents and looted property everywhere in Huazhou, and promised that he could blackmail the Son of Heaven to order the princes. He also built a shrine for himself in the state city, and ordered the officials and people to pray. In the first year of the Great Calendar (766), Guo Ziyi, a native of Huazhou who was then the deputy marshal of Guannei Hedong, was ordered to lead an army to Huazhou to suppress the rebellion. When the army arrived, the rebels scattered, Zhou Zhiguang was killed by his subordinates, the rebellion was quelled, and Huazhou was recaptured.
Li Yuan forgave Hua Prefecture to quell the rebellion of Zhu Zhu
In the fourth year of Emperor Dezong's reign (783 AD), jingyuan Jiedu, who was passing through Chang'an, mutinied his army, emperor Dezong of Tang fled, and Zhu Zhu was proclaimed emperor in Chang'an, known in history as the "Rebellion of Zhu Zhu". Zhu Zhu ordered the general He Wangzhi to attack Huazhou on light horseback, and Shi Dongjin escaped. Li Yuan, the deputy envoy of the Zhenguo Army stationed at Tongguan, immediately led his troops to the west of Tongguan, drove the rebel He Wangzhi away, retaken Huazhou, cut off Zhu Zhu's passage to attack the Central Plains, and renovated the city, replenished the defensive equipment, recruited more than 10,000 Soldiers from Huazhou, and defeated the invading Zhu Zhu rebels several times. After recovering Huazhou, Li Yuanyu was appointed by the imperial court as the envoy of the Zhenguo Army and the Assassin of Huazhou, and then led an army into Chang'an, repelling the rebels with other generals, retaking Chang'an, and quelling the Rebellion of Zhu Zhu.
Li Yuanyi monument Shen Weilong photographed
Li Yuanyu has grace in Huazhou, and the people of Huazhou praise virtue for his tree monument, which is listed as a provincial key protected cultural relic, and is now standing on the east side of the gate of the Huazhou District Public Security Bureau, with a pavilion to cover it.
Original source: "Zheng Huangong, the ancestor of Kai zheng"
Original author: Zhao Jianwen Zheng Quanxin
Compilation and editing: Huazhou Literature and History Collection