Sanya's "End of the World" scenic spot, a boulder, abruptly between the mountains and the sea. Looking at the South Pole, the blue sea is connected to the sky, and the line between the sky and the sea is only a limitation of the naked eye. The other side of the line is still the sky, the bottom of the sky is still the sea, the sky is vast, how has there ever been an end? The earth is circular, where is the edge? Wang Yangze country, no cape, only the sky connected to the water, the water connected to the sky, the clear and clear looking at the blue, the vast in the smoke and water between the water and clouds.
The literal expression of the idea of "Tianya" originally came from the "Line of Re-walking" in the Nineteen Songs of Han Le Fu, "Walking and Re-walking, Separating from Junsheng, Separating from Junsheng, Going Away from Each Other for More Than Ten Thousand Miles, Each Heaven and One End..." Originally meant to be extremely distant, containing wandering and displacement, carrying the pain of lovesickness. Su Dongpo was demoted to Hainan Dan'er, and before leaving, his son was instructed by his nephew to pass by: "You are already at the end of the world, and then you are buried in the sea, control his mouth, and put away his poems..." Compared with the Central Plains, any place in Hainan is the end of the world.
Tianya Haijiao Scenic Area, which belongs to Guya Prefecture, is now Sanya, and historical records record that after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty pinged South Vietnam, Zhuya and Dan'er Counties were set up in Hainan, and Yazhou belonged to Linzhen County, Zhuya County. During the same period of the Southern Dynasty Liang Dynasty, Dan'er County was abolished and placed in Yazhou. Emperor Wen of Sui gave 1,500 households to Lady Xian, the leader of the Lingnan slang people: "Zhuya is secluded at the end of the island... Whale waves waded again, and there was no city after this. "In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Yazhou was abolished and renamed Yaxian County, the county seat was located in the ancient city of Yazhou, and in 1954 the county seat was moved to Sanya, and the end of the world in Xiamaling, Guya Prefecture, became a scenic spot in Sanya City. It is not only the southernmost tip of Hainan Island, but also the southernmost tip of a large piece of Land in China, becoming the "end of the world" on the geographical edge.
Living in Sanya, my student Zhu Zhaoxun sent a set of units near the municipal library and the keys to the car, and I had the convenience of reading the human geography history of Sanya, Hainan. The past and present lives at the end of the world are naturally a strong stroke in the historical materials. In terms of its scenery, it is not the most beautiful scenic spot in Sanya, but it is the "punch card" of Sanya tourism. Some netizens also complained: "Spend more than 100 yuan of tickets to see two stones soaked in the seawater." Before leaving, the gentleman asked me, "Where do you go to see what?" seawater? stone? "I was speechless, as if I had never thought about where to see anything, but just wanted to go and must go!
After the entrance, walk under the coconut grove, see the pair of "love stones" overlapping and intertwined on the turquoise blue sea in the distance, step on the rough gravel in the shallow water, and follow the arrows on the "Tianya Stone" sign. "One Pillar of the Southern Heavens", a round and tall cone boulder, and the cliff of the "Southern Heaven of the Sea Judgment" are separated by a silver beach. Lotus stone, with buds to be released and ready to open and close; immortal stacked stone... The peculiar shapes are varied and lifelike.
In the café under the coconut grove, there was a song playing: "Where is the edge of the sea, there is the end of the sky..." The subwoofer in the musical accompaniment, accompanied by the waves, filled the heavy sky on the sea. Suddenly looking up, I saw the bright red word "Tianya" on the black boulder, and somehow my throat suddenly choked, and my eyes were hot, and I desperately pulled up my feet in the fine sand and walked forward quickly, until I clinged to the flesh of its wind and waves, and the touch of the extreme touched the tear point, and the tear flowed down the cheek and the angle between it. For a long time, as if to shed all the bitterness, the long-awaited Heavenly Stone gave me a real feeling that I had never expected.
In the year of Gengzi, the new coronavirus that has risen and fallen one after another has caused the world to encounter too many misfortunes, how many white-clad soldiers have built the Great Wall with their lives; at this moment, the international zhuang is closed to thousands of people, my family, relatives, and friends are trapped in the snail house; my only son is isolated from abroad because of the epidemic, and the worries of children traveling thousands of miles are haunting; on July 24, I stood outside the window of the operating room, looking at a piece of flesh and blood blurred human organs inside and the expressionless eyes of the doctor, and the ruthless sentence was coldly smashed from behind the mask Like an avalanche engulfing me, the world in front of me swirled a cold and miserable white... In the year of Gengzi, in the dark night of the world, I walked through my own dark night, the end of Gengzi, no pole Tailai, "Tianya" did not have cold, it accepted the pain that I had nowhere to pour out.
At this moment, I understand why so many tourists must go to the "end of the world". The lower left of the word "Tianya" is engraved with "the sea and the sky", after the cold winter will be spring and warm flowers; after the night passes, it will inevitably usher in the light. Wandering in the three-dimensional "philosophical classics" between the "cape" and "the end of the world", feeling the vastness of their first opening, the persistence of the tide of the ages, and the eternal grandeur carry the immortality of culture.
According to the "Chronicle of Yazhou" revised by Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty in 34 years, "Xiamaling, sixty miles east of the city, sloping bay, there is a path that can pass people, chaotic stones, the tide can not come and go, for the second pass of the east road of Zhouzhi, there is a flood garrison (flood, in the Ming and Qing dynasties for the military establishment." There are boulders in the foothills, Gao Erzhang, during the Yongzheng period, Zhizhou Cheng Zhe carved the word "Tianya" on it, and now the common name of this place is 'Tianya'. Some people think that "Tianya culture" is a culture of exile, and the main tone is to express the sad state of mind of officials and literati. For example, "When Cheng Zhe arrived here, he suddenly sprung up the feeling of being left behind in a foreign land, and the word 'Tianya' came out..." However, Qianlong's twenty-year "Yazhou Zhi and Disaster Chronicle" recorded this: "(Yongzheng) four years, drought at noon, Zhizhou Cheng Zhe prayed until July, rain, half ploughing and half harvest." Five years, Ding WeiMigui, the state hair warehouse grain flat, the people have to talk about life. According to the relevant accounts, "Cheng Zhe prayed for rain this time, changed the previous practice of praying for rain at the Dragon King Temple, and led the officials and people from Yazhou to the pole of the southern end of XiamaLing to pray for rain, which was to directly pray to the Emperor Tianlongzi for the gift of holy water, to receive happy rain, to alleviate the drought, and to commemorate the memory, Le Shikan character 'Tianya'", believing that "Tianya" did not contain the sadness of exile of degraded officials. No matter how much controversy there is about its cultural connotations, a word that symbolizes drifting and distant has taken root after Cheng Zhe's big stroke. Stone, endowed with an inner will, becomes a cultural symbol of emotion. What kind of mood carries the inspiration to write this inexplicable "end of the world"? Is it thanks to the Emperor's grace to moisten the heavens of the extreme south? Is it that the sincere heart of the subordinate officials for the country and the people has reached the extreme? Is it hopeless to return to the north and look forward to the end of the world? Or is the hardships of the frontier region unparalleled? The taste is not simply tragic and bold. The ink has not dried, and the thousands of bitterness in the author's heart have been released with the sea breeze on the edge of this day! Although before the word "Tianya" was engraved, there were already "Haiju Nantian" cliff carvings, it still became the core of Tianya culture, and formed an intriguing and rich "Tianya culture" with other stone carvings.
If only in November of the fifty-third year of Kang (1714), the three Chincha ministers surveyed and mapped the southern pole of the "Sea Judgment Southern Sky", this is only the base point of the Antarctic surveying and mapping of the "Imperial Public Opinion Map". Later stone carvings made this base point the most solid foundation of Tianya culture. There are also various speculations about the word "judgment" of the southern heaven of the sea judgment, some people think that it can be interpreted as "pan", and some people interpret it as "open", I am more inclined to the interpretation of "companion", which means "the sea is accompanied by the southern sky, the ancient guard, the earth is desolate, 'sea judgment (companion) southern heaven' is the evidence of astronomical geography and the great cause of the national social welfare, and it is a sign engraved for the great cause of the society. ”
This cornerstone, which was placed at the southern pole of China's first survey using longitude and latitude surveying technology, became a symbol of the imperial territory and provided a prayer carrier for officials in border areas after the Qing Dynasty. Then, after the "Tianya" stone carving, there was the inscription "Southern Heaven and One Pillar" of Fan Yunti in Yazhou Zhizhou in the first year of xuanun in the Qing Dynasty (1909), which felt that ruling for the people and guarding the frontier in the land of Antarctica was also the merit of standing in the sky. After 1909, the "sea and sky" carved on the same boulder as "Tianya" opened up the vast cultural space of Tianya culture, which is a thick stroke but has no historical record, and the mysterious person who can leave ink treasure here must also be a literary giant who does not hold heavy power. During the Republic of China period, when the Kuomintang general Wang Yi was stationed in Yaxian County with the highest anti-Japanese commander of Qiongya, he inscribed the word "Cape" in 1938, which some people said was taken from Bai Juyi's "Chunsheng" "Where Chunsheng travels darkly, the cape of the world begins to rest." "Written in line with the "end of the world" more than 200 years ago; or to express the patriotic feelings of fighting against the Japanese and treating death as a homecoming. This stone carving makes the word "Tianya" have a correspondence, forming a relatively complete "Tianya Haijiao" stone carving culture.
The strange stone forest is lonely and extraordinary, which makes people can't help but think of Su Dongpo's poem: "Jun looks at the side of the road stone, the sudden and empty pass, his mountain is always inferior, all to make up for the sky." "Perhaps these stones are solidified by the multicolored stone pulp that Nuwa refined to supplement the heavens, they should not be ordinary things, just like Su Dongpo, who was degraded to Hainan, (legend has it that a little monk spied the Big Dipper seven star mole on his back) The mortal body under the Big Dipper has brought the brilliance of the Chinese literary world for eternity. They lie quietly on the beach, between the sea, or in clusters of three or five, or they are independent, allowing the wind and waves to blow freely, and the wounds on their bodies have become old marks of moss, and the original edges and corners have become smooth lines, silently waiting for the call of "patching up the heavens".
The "end of the world" is the top of Mount Tai, which leads people's thinking and achieves the leap of limits. Feel the vastness and magnificence between the clouds and seas at the end of the world, and satisfy people's psychological experience of crossing thousands of rivers and mountains.
It is precisely in this ancient cliff state at the end of the world, when the vast sea has no way forward, when the mountains and rivers are exhausted, our ancient sages are in a desperate place, and the willows and flowers that open up the Maritime Silk Road are bright. Whether local officials of all generations have been transferred or belittled, without the heroic spirit of "one pillar in the southern sky" and the feeling of ruling for the people, there would be no prosperous Hainan today. In the era of horses, "the rugged road to the end of the world, the wild grass wasteland is breaking the soul". What kind of state of mind should you feel when you go to this lonely and uninhabited wilderness? Li Deyu, the chancellor of the Tang Dynasty, "Degrading the Cliff Prefecture Sihu Dao": "Once you go to ten thousand miles, a thousand will not return." Where is the cliff state, the life of the ghost door is closed. "The end of the isolated island is a frontier of China, and all the officials who are appointed here must not only have great courage, but also have the ability of military, political, and agrarian economy; from the Han to the Ming Dynasty, more than 40 officials were deposed and exiled to Yazhou, including as many as 15 princes, prime ministers, cabinet ministers, and famous scholars, of whom 10 failed to return to the north.
The 62-year-old Su Dongpo was demoted to Hainan Dan'er: "Miasma and miasma attack, children and grandchildren weep on the riverside, have died goodbye, the charm of the sea, would rather survive?" "Such a situation is a sad abbreviation of how many degraded officials live and die. Su Dongpo's poem is a true record of the barbaric Hainan: "The north ship is less than a pearl of rice, drunk and depressed for half a month." "The natives eat potatoes and potatoes, and fry them to smoke rats and burn bats." In the face of people's suffering, letting go of personal misery is still the original intention of the imperial court officials. Su Dongpo witnessed the locals slaughtering cattle to sacrifice gods to cure diseases, and wrote the "Book Of Willows Thick Cattle Endowment" to persuade farmers to re-cultivate, believe in medicine, and break the superstition of witch blessings. Actively imparting Confucian culture, resulting in students studying under the door, before hainan no one was admitted to the jinshi, Su Dongpo especially admired the Qiongzhou jiang Tangzuo's diligence and studiousness, inscribed two poems for him: "The vicissitudes of the sea are broken, and the white robe is broken." He also promised that if Zhongjin Shi continued this poem for him, it was a pity that Dongpo was dead when Zhongjin Shi was killed, and Jiang had to find Su Rui, who continued to write: "... Jinyi he is a day of people scrambling to see, Shi Xin Dongpo's eyes are long. ”
There is also the Northern Song Dynasty Renzong period prime minister Ding Zhi, who was belittled by Hainan Yazhou and amused with people: "Which county is the greatest in the world? The man replied, "Kyoshi also." Ding Yue: "Otherwise, if the imperial court prime minister is a Yazhou Sihu, then Yazhou is a big deal." "After being demoted to the end of the world, experiencing the pain of life and death and extreme loss, he put aside his grievances and regarded the frontier as a beijing master and the isolated island as his second hometown. Northern Song Dynasty Prime Minister Lu Duoxun's "Zanshui South Village" "Qiongya Scenic Shuinan Village, the mountain under the forest under the door." When the parrot nests, the coconut knots, and the partridge cries at the bamboo grandchild. Su Dongpo's "Who Made Public Opinion Chronicles in His Year, Hainan Wanli True Hometown", expressed the attitude of being open-minded and optimistic about life after being exiled by the degraded officials mentally and physically. Together with the dispatched officials, they shouldered the laws of the country and represented the yangyang great power in administering the borders, and throughout the ages, no one had divided the territory and betrayed the imperial court, "Wangu Gang often shouldered his shoulders, and his spine was hard against the emperor." "Full of grievances but not ambitious, in the pursuit of the ultimate value of life, to obtain the spirit and soul of the sea and the sky, to become a pillar of the southern sky to support the territory of China."
The word "Tianya", although it was written after the success of praying for rain, but there is no trace related to praying for rain, its poetry contains complex feelings of life, always reminiscent of the Northern Song Dynasty Prime Minister Lu Doxun was issued with the xie'en table of yazhou: "The meteor is far away, the arch north pole is no longer possible, the sea and the sun are hanging in the air, looking at Chang'an and not seeing." "As a place where exiled rebels and officials are degraded, Hainan Yazhou cannot exclude the elements of exile culture." "The sea and the sky" is precisely this kind of relief after experiencing suffering, and the exile culture itself contains important contents such as having grievances, clarifying righteousness, educating the people, and spreading culture. The culture of the end of the world is the image carrier of Chinese culture, boulders, edges and corners are lost, but standing tall; the waves, crushed bones, but still persistent, changeable is the form, unchanged is the original intention. The "end" of heaven is always the sea and the sky.
Sitting on the reef in the middle of the sea, staring for a long time at this thick, silent, hard and unique stone, their spirituality is indescribable. Year after year, the moss, written one after another, is full of vicissitudes, and the shells that float from nowhere turn into bones on the stone surface near the water, and the clear edges overlap the jagged shapes. The midday sun shines through the shallow waters, hitting bright brown waves on the sand like irregular roots that snake under the water. In the distance, the back wave pushed the front wave on the blue sea, and with a loud "whoosh" sound, it collided with a three-dimensional snow white and shattered on the "island" composed of reefs. Thousands of generations of persistence, minerals in water, are oxidized into various colors to become part of the stone: rust color, black (should be the color of iron tetroxide?). Blue-green, gray-green, must be the color of chromium, brownish yellow, should be manganese oxide... Coral stones swept by water, fragments wrapped in shells left on the beach one by one, humble and fragile life with primitive exuberance, conveying the message of the depths of the sea. The transparent liquid contains a rich material that accumulates into a deep sea blue. Everything in front of us is just like our Chinese nation, going forward and succeeding, and successive generations of reclamation of frontiers to promote national integration and gather the great strength of the Chinese nation.
History and culture are the soul of a city. "The end of the world" contains the root and soul of cultural tourism, and is the process of cultural aesthetics and cultural feelings of those who have experienced it. Those bright red fonts carved on the stone not only interpret the heroism of defending the territory and supporting the political ambitions of the Southern Heavens, but also contain the profundity of Chinese culture. It is far more than a landmark concept, leaving people with unlimited space for thinking, allowing people to integrate their inner complexes into this special landmark culture.
Fireworks in the world, everyone has their own roll of rolling red dust, after crossing thousands of rivers and mountains under pressure, reaching the end of life, letting go of all the entanglements and entanglements, troubles and grievances, back to the green mountains, facing the sea, will find a more vast blue sky, the hint of the geographical sign, let people get the psychological heroism that crosses everything, find a relief after experience, this is or every tourist, to Sanya will go to the end of the world general psychological needs.
About author:Xu Qingqing was born in November 1954 in Hujiatan Village, Jingxing County, Hebei Province. In 1974, he studied at Hebei Chemical Engineering School and stayed on until his retirement after graduation. In 2013, he entered the literature class of Hebei University for the Elderly and liked prose writing. His works have been published in Guangming Daily, Shijiazhuang Daily, Yanzhao Evening News, Washington Chinese newspaper Meihua Business Daily, Chinese Science, Old World, Taihang Literature and other newspapers and magazines. He is the author of the essay collection "The Moon of Xiangshugou" and is now a member of the Hebei Writers Association.