As the saying goes, the scarf does not let the eyebrows be shaved. In the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom camp, there are many fierce generals and many female generals, who also charge into the battlefield and make great achievements. Hong Xuanjiao, hong xiuquan's sister, the western king Xiao Chaogui's wife, Xiao Yong was good at war, and charged with a double knife, which made the Qing army feel frightened. Su Sanniang, the fierce general Luo Gang's wife, the two can be called "divine eagle heroes", is the pioneer. Later, Su Sanniang avenged her husband and died in battle in Zhenjiang, and Xiang yuyu died.
Compared with Su Sanniang and Hong Xuanjiao, Qiu Erniang's influence in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was not very large, but now there is a monument to her in Quanzhou, Fujian. Because Qiu Erniang fought under the banner of the Taiping Army, mainly to Fujian, not belonging to the "mainstream", but having great influence. Unfortunately, due to the betrayal of the traitors, Qiu Erniang was captured by the Qing army and executed by Ling Chi at the age of 22.
Qiu Erniang, whose ancestral home is Shanxi, the family needs to move to the coastal areas of Fujian in order to make a living, settled in Putian, the Qing Dynasty belonged to the jurisdiction of Quanzhou Prefecture, so Quanzhou has her monument. In 1833, in a fisherman's family in Putian, a baby fell to the ground, she was Qiu Erniang, a female general who made the Qing army in Quanzhou, Putian, Jinjiang, Xianyou, Hui'an and other places feel frightened.
Under the closed-door policy, the coastal areas were not as rich and prosperous as they are today, and the people's lives were very difficult. The Qiu family has two brothers and sisters, the older brother Qiu Monkey, the younger sister Qiu Erniang, and the father Qiu Liu makes a living by fishing and practicing medicine, and his life is very difficult, living on the edge of extreme poverty. In order to reduce the burden on the family, his father gave Qiu Erniang to a family in the next village to act as a child bridesmaid.
Child brides-in-law, a product of the feudal era, women are suppressed. At the age of 18, Qiu Erniang could not bear the abuse of her in-laws and ran out alone, but did not dare to go home because she was homeless. In this way, Qiu Erniang went to her cousin Lin Huai and temporarily found a foothold.
Coming to her cousin's house, Qiu Erniang engaged in embroidery and practiced medicine to make a living. Lin Huai, a jianghu Hanzi, had a good life of fighting and unevenness, and once went to Nanjing to join the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, and then returned to Putian to develop and brew an uprising. At first, Qiu Erniang only wanted to live a normal life, but Lin Huai's ambitions were great, and he decided to launch an uprising in Putian and encouraged Qiu Erniang to join the Taiping Army.
The experience of the child bride made Qiu Erniang deeply resentful of the rule of the Qing Dynasty, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom advocated "equality between men and women", advocating that the sisters and brothers in the world are all family, with money and messengers, food and clothing, which is very attractive to her. In this way, Qiu Erniang decided to join the Taiping Army, rebel against the Qing Dynasty, and fight for herself.
In November 1853, Lin Huai and Qiu Erniang launched an uprising in Hui'an, leading hundreds of people to invade the county, and then distributing grain to the people and officially fighting the Qing Dynasty. Soon, the rebel armies of Jinjiang, Xianyou and other places came to converge, and Lin Huai and Qiu Erniang had thousands of soldiers under their command, which attracted the attention of the Qing Dynasty.
The rebel forces grew stronger and stronger, and the Qing Dynasty mobilized heavy troops to encircle and suppress them, but Qiu Erniang coped with it easily. The rebel army numbered thousands, and Qiu Erniang followed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom system and implemented the "sub-camp" system, divided into male and female battalions, gathering adult males together to train elite soldiers and improve the combat effectiveness of the troops. In addition, the establishment of base areas can be attacked and retreated, and they have the ability to fight a protracted war.
At the beginning of 1854, more than 5,000 green battalions and regiments of the Qing army attacked the cottage, and Qiu Erniang successively set up ambushes in Guanxi, Banling, Yisaka and other areas, and the Qing army suffered heavy casualties and fled. Soon, Lin Jun, the fierce king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, also led his troops to converge, and the rebel army became more powerful. Shi Zai: "From Putian in the east to Hui'an in the south, stretching for more than 100 miles, all of them are thieves." ”
Lin Jun, Lin Huai, and Qiu Erniang joined forces, the rebel army increased to tens of thousands, and the Qing Dynasty decided to send the general Zhong Baosan to suppress it. Zhong Baosan had courage and strategy, he adopted a strategy of appeasement, the rebel army was shaken internally, Lin Huai was betrayed by traitors and died, and the Qing army opened a good situation.
After Lin Huai's death, Qiu Erniang led the troops alone and acted separately with Lin Jun. In May 1854, Zhong Baosan led thousands of soldiers and horses to besiege Lin Jun, and the rebel army lost the battle in Putou, Furnace and other places, and was in a very critical situation. At this time, Qiu Erniang led her troops to attack Hui'an, attracting the Qing army to divide the troops and alleviating Lin Jun's pressure.
Qiu Erniang led an army to attack Hui'an, and Zhong Baosan sent reinforcements to intercept the rebel army. Qiu Erniang, armed with a double knife, took the lead as a soldier, and killed into the enemy line, with more than ten blades in his hand, and the Qing army fled in a panic. In this way, the county seat of Hui'an was shaken, but someone inside the rebel army revealed the news and informed Qiu Erniang of the plan of action, and the rebel army failed in the siege battle.
After returning from Hui'an, Qiu Erniang continued to fight in Putian, Xianyou and other places, and won a lot. At this time, the Western Expedition of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was progressing smoothly, the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River of the Qing Dynasty were full of crises, and there was no time to take care of the Fujian region, and Qiu Erniang ushered in a good time for development. Unfortunately, Chen Da, Chen Qiao, and others were bribed by the Qing Dynasty and led the Qing army to attack the cottage at night, and Qiu Erniang was captured.
For taiping prisoners, the Qing Dynasty generally executed Ling Chi, and Qiu Erniang was no exception. On the day of Ling Chi, Qiu Erniang could not bear the humiliation, closed her eyes tightly, and calmly died at the Quanzhou South Campus. After Qiu Erniang's death, Jinjiang, Putian, Xianyou and other places all erected monuments to her, calling her "Lady Youlu", "Zhuang Foot Mother", "Xian Aunt" and so on.
Jinjiang, Hui'an and other places, as well as "Huinu Heroic Hero Qiu Erniang" and other theatrical program performances, posterity wrote "Martyrs Mourning Hong", the protagonist is Qiu Erniang.
Bibliography: History of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom