The three terms of Jingdezhen, Fuliang County and Zhushan Royal Kiln Factory are the most famous in Jingdezhen. So let's start with Jingdezhen.
Jingde ( Jingde ) was the era name of Emperor Zhenzong of Song , the third emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty , and was used from 1004 to 1007 AD.
Song Shinshukata
Song Zhenzong was not as famous as the Qin Emperor Han Wu and Tang Emperor Song Zu, but several stories about him were talked about by the common people, such as the tanuki cat for the prince, and the prince prototype was song Zhenzong's son. For example, the storyline of the first half of the Yang family story mostly occurred during the tenure of Song Zhenzong, corresponding to the historical Kou Zhun and the Alliance of Yuanyuan. There are also ordinary people who are not familiar with it, such as Song Zhenzong Taishan Sealing Zen, the original emperor of great merit only had this move, Song Zhenzong quite affirmed that he also carried out Taishan Sealing Zen, resulting in a greatly reduced gold content of Taishan Sealing Zen, and later emperors rarely practiced Sealing Zen.
Taishan Five Mountains single stone carving
In addition, Jingdezhen is also named after Song Zhenzong.
Before the first year of Jingde, Jingdezhen was also called Changnan Town, and the name of Xinping Town was also called before, and at that time Changnan Town was already famous for making porcelain. Emperor Jinglong of The Tang Dynasty (707-709 AD), Chu Sui was the secretary of Xinping, and was ordered to supervise the burning of tomb sacrifice vessels. Tang Xianling, for the tomb of Gaozu Li Yuan.
Tang Xianling Stone Beast
In the first year of Jingde, Emperor Zhenzong of Song ordered Changnanzhen to burn a batch of porcelain to celebrate Shengping. Because the burned Changnan porcelain was very pleasing to the emperor, the emperor gave the year name Jingde to Changnan Town, Jingde was great, Jingdeyi brought happiness to the people of Li this year, with the meaning of great grace and great virtue, so it was named Jingdezhen.
At that time, Jingdezhen was under the jurisdiction of Fuliang County. Fuliang County got its name from the first year of Tianbao (742 AD), when the county was one of the largest tea distribution centers in the country, and Bai Juyi's "Pipa Xing" also advertised Fuliang: "Merchants weigh profits and light separation, and the former moon Fuliang buys tea." ”
Wen Zhengming Book "Pipa Line"
This is the second word, Fuliang County.
In the seventh year of the Yuan Dynasty (1270 AD), the imperial court sent officials to supervise the manufacture of "Shufu" porcelain in Jingdezhen. In the 16th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1278 AD), Kublai Khan set up the Floating Beam Magnetic Bureau, which was the only official kiln production management institution in the country at that time, which was subordinate to the General Institute, and the Magnetic Bureau had an ambassador and a deputy envoy. It also changed the supervision town of the Jingdezhen Taxation Bureau to a ti, that is, a supervisor. Emperor Yuan Taiding later changed his position to oversee Tao tao, the governor of Jiangnan Lianglu.
Yuan Dynasty blue and white tangled branches peony pattern plum vase
In the second year of Ming Hongwu (1369 AD), Zhu Yuanzhang rebuilt the pottery factory on the basis of the Fuliang Magnetic Bureau (renamed "Imperial Instrument Factory" in the fourth year of Jianwen), specializing in firing porcelain for the palace, initially under the responsibility of the officials of the Ministry of Works, and sent eunuchs to serve during xuande. During the Jiajing period, it was changed to be supervised by the local official Tao.
Ming Dynasty Xuande blue and white folded branch pattern goblet
During the Kangxi Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed the Royal Kiln Factory, and the person in charge was sent by the Ministry of Works and the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the early Qing Dynasty, or by the Inspector of Jiangxi. After Qianlong, it was managed by the Jiujiang Pass envoys, and the Raozhou Tongzhi and Jingdezhen Inspection Department supervised the construction and transportation, and then became customized, and the porcelain produced was called "official kiln ware".
Qingqianlong hugged the moon bottle
To put it simply, in the Qing Dynasty, great importance was attached to the management of the imperial kiln, from the minister of internal affairs and the inspector to the pen and post style, all of whom had served as the governor of Jingdezhen, and the Qianlong period was basically fixed by the jiujiangguan supervisor. Because of the importance of the imperial kiln, Fuliang Zhixian is also different from the general Zhixian grade, not seven products but five products.
Fuliang Ancient County
Where is the Royal Kiln Factory? This brings us to the third word.
In the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the official kilns were all set up in the center of present-day Jingdezhen City: Zhushan Royal Kiln Factory. Obviously, the Zhushan Royal Kiln Factory used to belong to Fuliang County. However, due to the change of administrative divisions, Fuliang County is now a county under the jurisdiction of Jingdezhen City, and the site of the Zhushan Royal Kiln Factory is now in the Zhushan District of Jingdezhen City.
Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Factory
The history of tea and porcelain, the prosperity of Jingdezhen porcelain, and the floating beam is really worth studying well.