"The Eight Pulses of the Qijing Examination", written by Li Shizhen in the Ming Dynasty, is a special book on the eight pulses of the Qijing. Referring to the relevant literature of the past dynasties, Li Shi expounded the purpose of the "Inner Classic", and sorted out and explained, examined and corrected the yin, yang, yin, yang, ren, supervisor, belt, and chong eight pulses outside the twelve canons, and put forward personal opinions, which is a major development of the meridian theory.
I. The Origin of the Author's Life and Writings
Li Shizhen (1518-1593), also spelled Dongbi, was a native of Weihushan and a native of Wa niba, Puzhou (present-day Puchun County, Hubei). His grandfather was a bell doctor, his father Li Yanwen, Zi Ziyu, Zi Yuechi, erudite and historical, taking medicine as his profession, being a famous local doctor, he served as an official of the Tai Hospital, and wrote books such as "Eight Pulses of Medicine" and "Four Diagnosis and Invention", which are now extinct. Li Shizhen learned Confucianism at an early age and failed to pass the township examination three times. Teacher Gu Riyan, studying for ten years. Later, after being recommended, he went to beijing shitai hospital to serve, or Yun tried to give the hospital judgment position, but after only one year of service, he resigned from his illness. In his later years, Li Jianzhong became an official, and then he was promoted to WenlinLang and Pengxizhi County, Sichuan Province. Li Shizhen's greatest achievement was that there were many errors in the commentators of the Materia Medica, so he made archaeological evidence, identified doubts and errors, widely collected and collected books from the group, and worked hard to compile and revise, from the thirty-first year of Jiajing (1552) to the sixth year of the Wanli Calendar (1578), which lasted twenty-seven years, changed its manuscript three times, and wrote the "Compendium of Materia Medica". The book has 52 volumes, divided into 16 parts and 62 categories, containing 1892 kinds of medicines, and is a huge work of Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty. Li Shizhen also wrote two books, "The Pulse of the Endangered Lake" (1564) and "The Eight Pulses of the Qijing" (1572), the former of which integrates the essence of the ancestral pulse science, deletes the complexity and eliminates the wu, and summarizes the pulse image into 27 kinds, each writing body-like poems, similar poems, and main disease poems; the latter especially expounds the qijing path and the law of proof and treatment. He has written "Three Jiaoke Difficulties", "Fate Gate Examination", "Five Visceral Diagram Theory", "Endangered Lake Medical Case", "Endangered Lake Collection Simple Fang" and so on.
The origin of the writing of the "Eight Pulses of the Qijing" is that Li Shizhen felt that since the "Inner Classic" and the "Difficult Classic", although successive generations of doctors have studied the eight pulses of the Qijing, "the eight pulses are scattered in the group of books, and they are not aware of it", so he studied this in detail and wrote the "Eight Pulses examination of the Qijing". In accordance with the will of the classics, he took the strengths of a hundred families, participated in the practice of witnessing, and made detailed examinations, sorting out and supplementing the circulation route and acupuncture points of the eight veins, and gave play to the dialectical treatment method of the eight veins of the Qijing.
2. The version of the Eight Pulses of the Qijing is circulating
The chronology of the eight pulse examinations of the Qijing can be deduced from the book Wu Zhe and Gu Riyan's preface, and Wu Xuhou's postscript reads: "Longqing Nongshen Mid-Autumn Day Daonan Wu Zhe Worship Title", "Longqing Nongshen Mid-Autumn Day" is the 15th day of the eighth month of the summer calendar of the sixth year of Ming Muzong Zhu Zaiyuan Longqing (1572), that is, September 21, 1572 AD; Gu Xuhou's postscript: "Ming Wanli Ding Ugly Little Summer Day Tongli Consultant Dun Shou Shu", "Ming Wanli Ding Ugly Little Summer Day" that is, the twelfth day of the sixth month of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Yijun Wanli Calendar (1577) Summer Calendar, That is, June 27, 1577. Wu Zhe, character Daonan, life unknown. Advisor, ming riyan, zi cheng, puzhou people, Jiajing seventeen years (1538) jinshi, tired official Fujian suffragette, Longqing four years (1570) Guili. Died in the nineteenth year of the Wanli Calendar (1591). Li Shizhen often studied science with him. It is generally believed that Wu Xu is the date of the book's writing, and Gu Xu is the date of the book's publication. Accordingly, the book was first inscribed in the fifth year of the Ming Dynasty (1577), but this book is no longer in circulation. After the "Eight Pulse Examinations of the Qijing" was written, it was engraved many times in later generations and widely circulated, mainly including the following types of publication systems:
1. Single-line book
There are fewer single-line copies of the "Eight Pulse Examinations of the Qijing Classic", and there are now Qing engravings in the Tianjin Municipal People's Library and nantong Municipal Library, the Shanghai Municipal Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine has a 1912 Hongbaozhai stone print, and the Library of the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences has a photocopy of the 1970 Japanese Shengwentang.
2. Supplementary edition
The "Qijing Eight Pulse Examination" was published at most as an appendice to the "Compendium of Materia Medica", and the earliest edition of the "Compendium of Materia Medica" was the Engraving of Jinling Hu Chenglong in the eighteenth year of the Ming Wanli Calendar (1590), and there was no appendage after the book. In the thirty-first year of the Ming Dynasty (1603), the Jiangxi Duchayuan had the deputy capital Yushi Xia Conscience and the Jiangxi Envoy Zhang Dingsi collected funds to re-engrave the "Compendium of Materia Medica", and its copy was accompanied by a engraving of "Qijing Eight Pulse Examination" and "Endangered Lake Pulse Study" 1 volume each. This life is called "Jiangxi Ben" or "Xia Conscience Ben". The second book with inscription is still due to Li Shizhen's Tongli yuan jun, Zhang Dingsi Xuyun: "Yu Fengzhong Chengxia Gongjiao, both engraved the Compendium of Materia Medica. Linchuan ordered Yuan Jun, Shi Zhenxiangren, to retake his "Pulse Study" and "Qijing Eight Pulse Examination", Li Junping's life's learning strength was here, fortunately and engraved as a whole book. "This book is the closest to the original appearance of this book, which has a great influence on future generations, and most editions in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties have taken this as the basis." For example, in the thirty-fourth year of the Ming Wanli Calendar (1606), the Jinjiang Xue Sancai, the Yang Daohui Hubei engraving, the Ming Chongzhen thirteenth year (1640) Wulin QianWeiqi Liuyoutang re-engraving, and the Qing Shunzhi fourteenth year (1657) Zhang Chaoxuan engraving, etc., formed a large system. In the thirteenth year of Ming Chongzhen (1640), Wulin QianWeiqi Liuyoutang re-engraved according to the Jiangxi Ben, and the title page was titled "Re-formulating the Compendium of Materia Medica, Reprinting thousands of miles must be investigated, Wulin Qian Ya Tibetan Edition", in addition to the Jiangxi Ben contained in the sequence, added "Qian Weiqi Re-engraved Materia Medica Compendium Small Introduction". In addition to following the Jiangxi ben in terms of text additions and errors, there are also a few mistakes and errors, and there are small changes in the style, which is still a good book. Most editions of the Qing Dynasty used it as a base, such as the reprint of Wulin Wuyu Changtaihe Tang in the twelfth year of Qing Shunzhi (1655), the Suzhou Benlitang Periodicals in the Fifty-second Year of Kangxi (1713), and the Siku Quanshu Edition during the Qianlong Period, which formed another system. In the eleventh year of Qing Guangxu (1885), Hefei Zhang Shaotang Wei Guzhai was based on Qian Wei's original, and at the same time re-revised and engraved with reference to the Jinling Ben, "Saving the Wilderness Materia Medica", and "Botanical Names and Real Tu Kao", because of its fine carving and exquisite layout, it became the main popular version after the end of the Qing Dynasty, and most of the editions were reprinted from this book, such as the lead print of the Shanghai Tujing Printing Bureau in the 20th year of Guangxu (1894), the 34th year (1908), and the photocopy of the "Compendium of Materia Medica" published by the People's Medical Publishing House in 1957. Formation of the Aqua Jai system. The main editions of the three major systems of the Compendium of Materia Medica are accompanied by the Eight Pulse Examinations of the Qijing. Other internal and external engravings based on the three major version systems of the "Compendium of Materia Medica" Jiangxi Ben, Wulin Qianben, hefei Zhang Shaotang Ben, etc., are engraved with the "Eight Pulse Examinations of the Qijing". It was not until 1975 that the "Compendium of Materia Medica" published by the People's Medical Publishing House was no longer attached to the book.
3, joint book
According to the "National Joint Catalogue of Traditional Chinese Medicine Books", the earliest inscription should be the Ming Wanli Thirty-first Year Decay (1603) Jiangxi Xia Conscience, Zhang Dingsi Inscribed Ben Baizhan Lou Collection Edition, and there are still Ming carved copies, Early Qing Dynasty Engravings, as well as Qing Xianfeng Nine Years Hewei (1859) Engravings, Qing Guangxu Five-Year Self-Portrait (1879) Sweeping Leaf Mountain House Engravings, Qing Guangxu Five-Year Self-Portrait (1879) School JingshanFang Engravings, Qing Guangxu 9th Year 癸未 (1883) Kyoto WenchengTang Engraving, Qing Guangxu 11th Year Ethyl Unitary (1885) Hefei Zhangshi Wei Guzhai Engraving, Qing Guangxu 22nd Year Bingshen (1896) Yangzhou Wenfutang Engraving, Qing Guangxu 22nd Year Prop shen (1896) Book Integrated Printing Bureau Lead Print, Qing Guangxu 31st Year Ethyl (1905) Shangxin Bookstore Lithograph, Qing mustard Garden Engraving Yugu Shanfang Collection Edition, 1928 Jiangyin Baowentang Engraving, 1951 Guangyi Bookstore Lead Print, 1954, 1955 lead print of Shanghai Jinzhang Bookstore, 1956 photocopy of People's Medical Publishing House, 1963 lead print of People's Medical Publishing House.
In addition, in December 2007, China Traditional Chinese Medicine Publishing House, January 2012 and May 2016 China Medical Science and Technology Publishing House published "Qijing Eight Pulse Examination" and "Linhu Pulse Science" in joint publication.
4. Proofreading
In recent years, scholars have gradually conducted annotated research on the Eight Pulses of the Qijing and published annotated copies. For example, in January 1988, Guangdong Science and Technology Publishing House published "Research on the Eight Pulses of the < Qijing Eight Pulse Examination >", in February 1990, Shanghai Science and Technology Publishing House published Wang Luozhen and Li Ding's annotations, Li Chengzhi reviewed the "Annotations on the Eight Pulses of the < Qijing Examination >", and in August 2013, the People's Medical Publishing House published "Notes on the Eight Pulses of the < Qijing Eight Pulse Examination>s" edited by Sun Chaozong and Sun Zhen. (Zhou Yixin)