Throughout history, those who have a big heart must have great wisdom, and those who have great wisdom will show their hearts even more. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Bao Shuya of the State of Qi was such a glorious figure in qing history. His leniency in Guan Zhong and his recommendation for Guan Zhong stemmed from his great wisdom of "knowing and believing in people". The event that concentrated on this wisdom was the famous "sick bed theory" in 645 BC.
<h1>One. The beginning and end of the sickbed theory</h1>
The "History of the Family of Prince Taigong of Qi" records that when Guan Zhong was dying, Duke Huan of Qi went to visit him and hoped that he would be able to recommend a Xiangguo. When Duke Huan of Qi mentioned letting Bao Shuya serve as Xiangguo, Guan Zhong made it clear that Bao Shuya's love and hatred were too clear to be xiang: "Bao Shuya, gentleman also." Although it is not possible to govern, its people are too clear about good and evil, and those who are good and good can also be. Evil has been so great that who can bear it? Bao Shuya saw one of the evils of people and never forgot them, which was also its shortness. After denying Bao Shuya, Guan Zhong praised Qi Huan and recommended him to take over the position of Xiangguo.
Coincidentally, Yi Ya, a close minister who was deeply favored by Qi Huan, overheard this historic conversation. Yi Ya is Huan Gong's chef and is good at cooking food. Qi Huangong once joked that he had not eaten human flesh, and in order to invite Yi Ya, he killed his three-year-old son and offered his meat to Huan Gong after cooking, which deeply moved Huan Gong.
When "Guan Zhong discussed the phase", Yi Ya overheard this conversation between him and Qi Huangong, so he said to Bao Shuya, Guan Zhong was recommended by you, but before he died, he dissuaded the monarch from worshipping you as a minister, and recommended Kui Peng, I am really indignant for you: "The face of the father of Zhong, the recommendation of the uncle." Now that his father is ill, he asks him, but he says that uncle Yan cannot be a politician, but recommends Kui Peng, and my intention is not even peaceful. ”
Listening to Yi Ya's words, Bao Shuya replied with a smile: This is exactly why I recommended him, he values the country and does not have selfish intentions, if I become a xiangguo, you traitors will have no place to stay: "Zhong is loyal to the country, not selfish friends." Make me a priest, and expel the Yu people, then there is room for it. If the country is to be governed, what is the place for him? Bao Shuya's sonorous words made Yi Ya ashamed of himself.
<h1> Two. Guan Zhong's thousand-year sigh
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The beginning and end of the "sick bed theory" incident is a concentrated display of Bao Shuya's wisdom and mind. Through the "sick bed theory" incident, it is not difficult to understand the various beautiful talk about Bao Shuya that happened when Guan bao and Bao were getting along in their early years. These are recorded in books such as the Spring and Autumn Chronicles of the States and the Chronicle of Guan Yan.
The "Spring and Autumn Chronicles of the Nations" records that Bao Shuya and Guan Yiwu did business together in his early years, and Guan Yiwu always received twice as much as Bao Shuya, and the entourage was indignant about this. Bao Shuya explained: "Zhongfei is not greedy for this area of gold, because his family is poor and does not give it. I voluntarily let the ear. ”
The two later fought together, and Guan Yiwu always stayed behind whenever he encountered a battle front, and often took the lead when returning to the army. Many people laughed at his cowardice, and Bao Shuya explained: "Yiwu has an old mother in the church, and he stays behind to serve him. The two occasionally disagreed when planning things, and Bao Shuya told people: "People inherently do not meet, and when they meet yiyi, they will certainly not lose a hundred." Guan Yiwu sighed and said, "The parents of those who gave birth to me, and The one who knows me, Bao Shuyi." ”
In the "History of Guan YanLie", these things are described in the form of Guan Zhong's self-narration: "When I was poor, I used to do business with Uncle Bao, and when I shared the wealth, I often doubled it, but Uncle Bao did not think that I was greedy for money, and knew that I lived in poverty. I used to work for Uncle Bao, and it turned out to be even poorer, but Uncle Bao didn't think I was stupid and knew that the timing was good and bad. I have been dismissed from office many times as an official, but Uncle Bao does not think that I am not talented, and knows that I have not encountered a good opportunity. I had fought many times, lost many battles and escaped, but Uncle Bao did not think that I was timid, and knew that I still had my mother.
After Gongzi Gui was killed, Zhao Kuo died for him. As a teacher, I did not follow Zi Jie, but Uncle Bao did not think that I was immoral, and knew that I would not be bound to small sections, but I would be ashamed because my merits were not prominent in the world. It was my parents who gave birth to me, and it was Uncle Bao who knew me! The same is recorded in many other contents, such as the Liezi LiMei, and Guan Zhong's famous lament that "the parents of those who gave birth to me, and bao ziye who knows me" are repeatedly quoted.
<h1> Three. Bao Shuya and Pang Juan and Li Si</h1>
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the nations were strife and wolf smoke, and the existence of the chaotic world greatly stimulated the unprecedented demand for talents in various princely states. At the same time, the "shiren" who "learned the art of literature and martial arts and sold goods to the imperial family" were also looking around for a big stage to show their talents and achieve meritorious achievements. Therefore, in the period of great change of the times, it is full of both opportunities and jealousy and conspiracy.
This was the result that although the capital was the same as Ghost Guzi, Pang Juan was still deliberately framing Sun Zhi, who could only be higher than himself, while Li Si was jealous of xian's ability to block the idea of the King of Qin to appoint Han Feizi and forced him to commit suicide: "Wang Yuezhi, not appointed, Li Si was jealous, saying: 'Han Fei, the princes of Han Are also.'" Now I want to merge with the princes, not for Han or for Qin, this person is also human. Now the king does not use it, but stays for a long time, and this self-inflicted wound is also afflicted; it is better to punish it with the law. The king thought so, and the subordinates ruled against the wrongdoers. Li Si left people in the hands of the drug, so that early suicide. Han Fei wanted to show himself and could not see it. The king regretted it, and forgave it, but he was dead. "Therefore, Sun Bin and Han Feizi are tragic figures who have been framed by the jealousy of their friends, and there are many such tragic figures in history, but they have all been annihilated by the grass...
Of course, Pang Juan and Li Si's jealous friends and friends were all things that Guan Zhong had been doing for many years after his death. If Guan Zhong died and knew, how could he sigh at Bao Shuya? Bao Shuya's treatment of Pang and Li is really heaven on earth, ice and fire! Bao Shuya, what he did was enough to make Pang Li "sigh for heaven" and have no place to look at himself! Isn't it? Looking back on Bao Shuya's life, he did his best to overcome all difficulties, plus his personal humility and conceit, and finally recommended Guan Zhong to Qi Huangong.
The "History of Guan Yan Lie" records: "Uncle Bao entered Guan Zhong, and he was under him. After that, he put himself under Guan Zhong for the rest of his life, and guarded him and supported him. Until Guan Zhong's death, he still strictly adhered to Guan Zhong's political strategy. "The princes still obey the order of Qi, so that they can use Uncle Bao, and do not change the government of Zhong." This is the "friendship of Guan Bao" that is regarded by posterity as a beautiful talk!
<h1> Four. Guan Bao's tacit understanding and consensus</h1>
So, what is the reason why Guan Bao's friendship can still undergo many tests in the turbulent spring and autumn world? Bao Shuya inadvertently revealed his heart, that is, what he said when refuting Yi Ya's provocation: "Zhong is loyal to the country and does not selfishly serve his friends." In this regard, Bao Shuya is also "loyal to the country, not selfish, not selfish." At this point, Guan Bao and Bao tacitly reached a high degree of consensus! Therefore, "the Tao is different and does not conspire with each other", and the Tao is the same, there is nothing to say, there is nothing to believe. It is precisely because of this that the "friendship boat" of Guan Bao and Bao has ridden the wind and waves, set sail from the turbulent Spring and Autumn Period, and has been through the millennium, and has been regarded as the standard of friendship by successive generations. Among them, Bao Shuya plays an extremely important role.
Of course, regarding Bao Shuya's people and Bao Shuya's treatment of the State of Qi, Qi Huangong has a clear understanding and high evaluation, so he will make Bao Shuya a face twice. And an incident recorded in the "Spring and Autumn Chronicles of the Nations" also confirms the true psychology of Qi Huangong.
Qi Huangong once saw an unknown ghost during a hunt in Osawa Nobi, and Guan Zhong could not explain this. Qi Huangong was suspicious and afraid, and he fell seriously ill that night. Guan Zhong then hung the book at the door and prayed to the high man, and finally found a person named The Prince. The prince was knowledgeable, and he described in detail to Huan Gong the shape of the ghost creature he saw, and explained that the name of the ghost creature was "Wei Snake", "Whoever sees it will dominate the world!" Listening to the words of the crown prince, Qi Huangong "smiled and suddenly felt refreshed, and his illness was greatly cured."
He not only rewarded the crown prince but also Guan Zhong, and the marten was surprised by this: "Father Zhong can't speak, and the prince says, Father Zhong's peace is rewarded?" Qi Huangong explained: "The widow hears it: 'Let the one who is alone is dark, the one who is in charge is bright, the father of Wei Zhong, and the widow must not hear the words of the prince!'" Qi Huangong made it clear that if there was no recommendation from Guan Zhong, how could he meet the crown prince? From this incident, it can be seen that Qi Huangong must have deeply understood that without Bao Shuya, the State of Qi would not have such a genius and sage as Guan Zhong! And all this stems from Bao Shuya's deep understanding of the wisdom of "letting the crowd know", but also from his feelings of "loyalty to the country, no selfishness, no selfish feelings". Of course, Bao Shuya's merits in the State of Qi lie even more in the fact that he is not dimwitted and dares to speak up!
<h1>Five. The slanderers and slanderers of the prosperous world</h1>
For the first time after Duke Huan of Qi succeeded to the throne, all the great masters came to the court. Bao Shuya immediately objected to saying that Zi Jie was in Lu Bi for a big trouble, how could he celebrate now? "The son is entangled in Lu, and there is Guan Yiwu as a supplement, and Lu helps him, and the disease of the heart is still there, and he has not yet been congratulated." He also suggested that The Duke of Qi Huan immediately send troops to Fight Lu to eliminate the troubles. Qi Huangong replied, "The widow please listen to the whole country!" Bao Shuya then commanded a large army to the State of Lu and forced Lu Jun to kill Zi Gui, completely eliminating the hidden dangers of the State of Qi.
In the following ten years of King Hui of Zhou, the position of the ally of the State of Qi was initially established, and the Duke of Qi Huan set up a banquet to reward the courtiers. Halfway through the wine, Huan Gong sighed: "Happy, today's drink!" Bao Shuya immediately reminded: The king and his courtiers must be happy and worried! I hope that the king will not forget the days of exile in Juguo, the days when Guan Zhong will not forget the days of imprisoning Luguo, and ning Qi will not forget to sell cattle and sing with my king in front of the car! "'Lords and wise men, though they are happy not to forget their worries. Jun did not forget to run, Guan Zhong did not forget the prisoner, ning Qi did not forget the day when the rice ox cart went down. Duke Huan of Qi then left the table and then paid homage to Bao Shuya and said, "The widows and the doctors can not forget, and this Qi Guo Society is infinitely blessed!" ”
Therefore, Su Xun said in his famous political treatise "On Guan Zi": "The rule of Qi, I do not know Guan Zhong, but Bao Shuya." In the text, he attributed the strength and hegemony of the State of Qi not to Guan Zhong, but to Bao Shuya. It can be seen that in Su Xun's eyes, Bao Shuya's great role in the State of Qi. Although, Su Xun only focused on this point of Bao Shuya as Bole, and came to this conclusion.
Similarly, Duke Huan of the Kwai Qiu Alliance claimed to be extremely meritorious, and the Daxing Palace and the Imperial Palace were comparable to the King of Zhou. The Chinese people think that they have overstep their bounds and are talking about it. At this time, Guan Zhong also built a platform on the third floor of the house, called "the platform of three returns", which was extremely luxurious. Uncle Bao asked Guan Zhong in his worries: "Jun's luxury is also luxurious, and Jun's arrogance is also arrogant, is it not necessary?" Although Guan Zhong explained that the monarch's diligence is on the one hand to achieve hegemony, on the other hand, it is also to better enjoy the joy of life. He did this in order not to let the monarch alone be blamed: "The Lady lord spares no effort to succeed in his karma, and also to enjoy the pleasure of a day." The reason why I did this is also to talk about the slander for Wu Jun," Listening to Guan Zhong's explanation, although Bao Shuya was silent, he did not think so in his heart.
<h1> Six. The loneliness and sorrow of the old minister</h1>
After both Guan Zhong and Kui Peng died, Duke Huan of Qi put Bao Shuya in charge of state affairs. Bao Shuya immediately proposed to Qi Huangong that he follow Guan Zhong's last words and stay away from Shu Diao and Yi Ya. Soon, however, Qi Huangong recalled the three men. In this regard, this honest old minister finally ended up with ineffective slander, anxiety and depression. From then on, he would never again be a state affair, and he would sigh and sleep in pain.
Because, when Guan Zhong, Ning Qi, Kui Peng and other ministers died one after another, Bao Shuya, who was the upholder of the state affairs of Xiangguo, was lonely. At that time, in the State of Qi, the storm was turbulent and the undercurrents were surging: wuxia and other five princes each planted up their henchmen, and they were jealous of each other and coveted the throne. At this time, the Duke of Qi Huan was sluggish in his old age. At the same time, there were villains such as Shu Diao who deceived his eyes and ears, causing Huan Gong to continue to listen to flattery and not to accept advice when the disaster was coming. In the face of precarious state affairs, Bao Shuya, as an old minister who guards the country, is so sober and painful!
But who can come with words? Relying on the danger fence day and day and sinking. The dreams of the past and the green history, a year to deliver the hearts of the deceased! It was in this pain that Bao Shuya left. Behind him, in an instant, the wind and clouds stirred, the bloody rain and wind... In this regard, Bao Shuya, has he ever known underground and strangled his wrists and tears? Now, the time of the millennium has passed, "the merits have returned to the history of youth, and the sound is beautiful." Turning over the book again, I left in vain the sighs and sighs of "Wuyimen Alley is here, and the passers-by have residual sorrow"!