Editor's Note
In July 1953, the Korean Armistice Agreement was signed at Panmunjom. The victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea safeguarded the security of the newly born People's Republic of China and brought out the national prestige of New China and the military prestige of the people's army. China's international status has been enhanced as never before, greatly enhancing the national self-confidence and pride of the Chinese people, and winning a relatively stable and peaceful environment for domestic economic construction and social development.
After the victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, since the mid-1950s, the praises of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea and the praises of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army have become an important theme of domestic war feature films.
On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the Chinese Volunteer Army's war to resist US aggression and aid Korea, the WeChat of the People's Liberation Army Daily has successively launched a series of articles on the "Classic Films of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea" to review with you those inspiring and excellent works of that year.
The classic feature film "Surprise Attack" was filmed by bayi Film Studio in 1960, directed by Xu Youxin, starring Daniel Zhang Hand, Xing Jitian, Huang Huanguang, Qu Yun, Yuan Xia, etc. Set against the background of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the film tells the story of Fang Yong, commander of a certain company of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army, who led a reconnaissance team on the battlefield of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and accepted the task of blowing up the Kangping Bridge behind enemy lines and cutting off the enemy's retreat route as assigned by his superiors. The reconnaissance team overcame all kinds of difficulties along the way, and finally, with the help of the Korean female guerrilla fighter Park Jin-yu, blew up the Kangpyeong Bridge, completed the task of cutting off the enemy's retreat, and cooperated with the large army to eliminate the enemy.
Stills from "Surprise Attack": Daniel Zhang play Fang Yong (right), and Xing Jitian plays a squad leader.
"Surprise Attack" is based on a real history - in 1950, during the second campaign of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, a reconnaissance team of the 38th Army of the Volunteer Army surprised the Wuling Bridge. The difference is that the reconnaissance team that surprised the Wuling Bridge was not a platoon of troops, as in the film, but a detachment: composed of a reconnaissance company of the 38th Army of the Volunteer Army, a reconnaissance company of the 113th Division, two engineering platoons, and 13 North Korean comrades, medical personnel and English translators, a total of 323 people, carrying a radio, 600 kg of explosives, each carrying 4 grenades and sufficient ammunition. The prototype of the male protagonist Fang Yong in "Surprise Attack" is Zhang Kuiyin, deputy chief of the reconnaissance section of the 38th Army of the Volunteer Army. At 10:00 p.m. on 24 November, the reconnaissance detachment set out, and they walked for a total of two nights and a day, engaged in three battles with the enemy. In the early morning of November 26, we arrived at the predetermined location of Wulingli. After a short battle, the reconnaissance detachment occupied the bridge and planted explosives to blast it, and the bridge collapsed at 7:50. At this time, reinforcement trucks from the south and the enemy fleeing south appeared on both sides of the bridge, and the reconnaissance detachment threw in the block, and then was ordered to continue to penetrate south. The reconnaissance detachment made great contributions to the total annihilation of the 7th Division of the 38th Army of the Volunteer Army.
Stills from "Raid": Yuan Xia plays a North Korean female guerrilla
Later, Zhang Kuiyin wrote a legendary experience of the scouts' surprise attack on wuling Bridge into the article "Interspersed with the Korean War". In 1958, bayi Film Studio filmed the military teaching film "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge" based on "Interspersed with the Korean War". At the end of 1958, after the release of "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge" in the whole army, it immediately caused a sensation, and the commanders and fighters were very fond of this feature film-like military teaching film, and many people even watched it several times in a row, and everyone unconsciously learned a lot of military professional knowledge in the process of watching the movie. Later, it also received a lot of praise after being screened at the local level.
"Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge" film description
The later feature film "Raid" is the popular version of this film. Because "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge" is a military teaching film, which inevitably uses some military terminology, and interspersed with the use of some tactical analysis shots, which is not suitable for external performances, with the approval of the relevant departments, Bayi Film Studio will change "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge" into a feature film.
The remake of "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge" changed the title to "Surprise Attack", which was released nationwide in 1960. The film is basically the prototype of "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge", the opening screen has not been changed, but the "0948 Unit Contribution" has been removed, there is no screenwriter, and only some details about the command have been deleted in the middle, and the Wuling Bridge has been changed to Kangping Bridge, while adding some other details. In addition, the actors were also replaced by professional actors of the Bayi Film Studio: Daniel Zhang (Fang Yong), Xing Jitian (first class leader), Huang Huanguang (Tang Hu), Qu Yun (Ama Ni), Yuan Xia (Park Jinyu)...
After the film was released, it was loved by the masses and has been popular everywhere, and is known as a classic in war movies.
"Surprise Attack" stills: Qu Yun's role of Ama ni "faked the real thing", after the film was screened in North Korea, some North Korean audiences thought she was realLy North Korean Ama Ni.
The film "Raid" was filmed not in North Korea, but in the scenic Jiangnan. The "Kangping Bridge" in the film is filmed at the "Zangshan Bridge" in Xikou Town, Fenghua, Zhejiang Province, which was built in 1934 and was 26 years old when the film was filmed. The bridge is a timber-faced structure of upper-bearing steel trusses with a total length of 156 meters, two main holes, and a span of 52 meters. In the early years, stone bridges and wooden bridges were common in the countryside of eastern Zhejiang, and it was rare for such a foreign steel bridge to appear, so the Xikou people commonly called the Zangshan Bridge "Yang Bridge".
Today's "Kangping Bridge" - Fenghua "Zangshan Bridge"
Zhang Kuiyin, the prototype of the male protagonist Fang Yong in the film, once said: "I have seen the movie "Surprise Attack" many times, although it is more artistic than the real event, but the film is very real. Every time I watch it, I think of my comrades-in-arms, but after all, the movie cannot be compared with the actual battle examples, and there are still many wonderful places that have not been filmed..."
The famous actor who plays Fang Yong in the film Daniel Zhang hand, and participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea as a member of the Chinese Volunteer Army. In the spring of 1951, the 16-year-old Daniel Zhang, who was then a member of the Cultural and Industrial Regiment of the Sixty Army of the Volunteer Army, participated in the Fifth Campaign, the Eastern Front Counterattack, and the Central Front Counterattack After entering the DPRK, he was awarded the Third Class Meritorious Service Once for transporting military supplies to the Front Line, and later awarded the Third Class Meritorious Service Once for His Outstanding Performance in The Battlefield Condolences.
Daniel Zhang Hand Teacher was interviewed
In August this year, the creative team of CCTV's large-scale TV film "Heroes and Children" interviewed the 86-year-old teacher Daniel Zhang hand. Teacher Daniel Zhang hand said: "In the case of our poverty and whiteness, daring to send troops to fight against the world's most powerful imperialism is the ambition of our Chinese." This war has played a Chinese prestige, the chinese army, and laid the foundation for the Chinese people to really stand up. ”
(The author is an expert in military history)
Source: People's Liberation Army Daily WeChat
Author: Xu Ping
Editor: Ma Yixuan