In the last issue, Thirty-Six Fangjun introduced the first park in Wenzhou to the Zhongshan Park, named after Sun Yat-sen.
In fact, the people of Wenzhou, as well as the city of Wenzhou, and the fate of Sun Yat-sen, are not just a park.
A hundred years ago, Dr. Sun Yat-sen once described the blueprint for Wenzhou's Oriental Grand Port and the construction of a railway in his "Founding Strategy".
When the Jinwen Railway was completed in 1997, Mr. Huaijin of Wenzhou Xiangxiannan sighed: "The important construction of the Jinwen Railway in the "Founding Strategy" has finally been completed, and Mr. Zhongshan can be comforted in the spirit of heaven! ”
In addition, Wenzhou also has a lot of old-fashioned names, which are related to Dr. Sun Yat-sen. For example, the Xu Datong Brush Shop on Jiefang Street, the Li Datong Tea Food Shop in Ruian, and the Xintonghua Hotel on Wuma Street in the early years were all taken by Wenzhou people to "pay tribute" to Dr. Sun Yat-sen.
The blueprint of Wenzhou in the "Founding Strategy"
Wenzhou is in the south of Zhejiang Province, at the mouth of the Oujiang River. Compared with Ningbo, this port has a wider hinterland, and the surrounding areas are very rich in production, and if the railway is developed, there will undoubtedly be considerable local trade.
——Excerpt from "Founding Strategy"
In order to change the backward appearance of the old China economy and promote the development of industry, Dr. Sun Yat-sen put forward many valuable opinions and ideas. In his "Founding Strategy", he mentioned Wenzhou's ports and railway lines, and once drew a blueprint for Wenzhou.
▲Sun Yat-sen
From 1918 to 1919, he angrily wrote a book behind closed doors at his residence in Shanghai, summing up the experience of "running for more than thirty years of state affairs" theoretically and writing the "Founding Strategy". The second of them, "material construction", that is, the "Industrial Plan", expounded the ways, principles and plans for developing China's industries in view of the backward situation of China's economy at that time, and put forward a large-scale construction plan for the modernization of the national economy centered on china's industrialization. This was progressive at the time.
In this "Industrial Plan," Sun Yat-sen advocated the use of state-owned methods and the borrowing of foreign capital, foreign talents, and foreign technology to build a 100,000-mile railway network and a million-mile public (gravel) road network within ten to twenty years; the construction of three major ports in the north, the east, and the south, as well as many new commercial ports; the establishment and development of large factories and large enterprises, including steel, coal, petroleum, electric power, machinery manufacturing, non-ferrous metals, cement, etc.; the management of rivers, the construction of water conservancy, and the vigorous development of agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry; the development of textiles. Food processing and other light industries. He also personally drew more than ten maps about the construction of railways and the establishment of seaports.
Dr. Sun Yat-sen attached great importance to the construction of Wenzhou, and in this plan, he put forward the planning concept of building a new port in Wenzhou and the construction of a railway line from Wenzhou to Chenzhou (Yuanling, Hunan).
He pointed out that the port of Wenzhou is wider than the hinterland of the port of Ningbo, and clearly put forward the great strategic significance of building a new port and building a railway in Wenzhou to the economic and trade development of China's southeastern provinces.
At the same time, he also proposed a specific method for transforming Wenzhou Port into a Shenzhen Port: It is planned to open a new port in Yueqing Panshikou and build a plan for a constant deep-water channel, so that large steamships can flow unimpeded and smoothly approach the Wenzhou New Port Wharf, so that Wenzhou will become an important port on the southeast coast of China.
When planning the construction of the Wenzhou-Chenzhou railway, it was proposed that "this line starts from Wenzhou Xingang and follows the left bank of the Ou River, as for Qingtian." From Qingtian to Chuzhou and Xuanping, it turned west out of the border of Zhejiang Province and entered the Jade Mountain of Jiangxi. From Yushan through Dexing and Leping, it is along the south bank of Poyang Lake, through Yugan, as for Nanchang. From Nanchang through Ruizhou (Gao'an), Shanggao, Wanzai, beyond the border of Jiangxi Province. Enter Liuyang in Hunan and then go to Changsha. From Changsha via Ningxiang, Anhua to Chenzhou, it meets the Chongqing A Line in Guangzhou and the Xingyi Line in Shashi. It is about 850 miles (about 1,300 kilometers). "Dr. Sun Yat-sen listed this line as one of the important trunk lines in China's southeast railway system.
In addition, in the section "Coastline between the two major ports in the East and the South" of the plan, Dr. Sun Yat-sen also envisaged the construction of a railway line of about 1,100 miles from Guangzhou to Ningbo, which would run from Fuding to The Border of Zhejiang, via Pingyang, to Wenzhou. Cross the Ou River in Wenzhou and enter Yueqing, Huangyan and Taizhou. Entering The Ninghai Again, as for Ningbo, it is the end point. "Finally, it connects with Shanghai via Hangzhou.
▲ A photograph of Sun Yat-sen presented to his Japanese friend Junzaburo Yamada in 1914
Under the political, economic, and social conditions of old China, these grand ideas of Dr. Sun Yat-sen were difficult to realize. Today, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the tenacious struggle of the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, the blueprint drawn by Dr. Sun Yat-sen has long been realized, and many of the achievements created by the Chinese people far exceed Mr. Sun Yat-sen's vision.
The "Founding Strategy" contains ghostwritten letters by Wenzhou people
Dr. Sun Yat-sen's "Founding Strategy" also contains a letter ghostwritten by Huang Shi, a Wenzhou native, "To Huang Xingshu".
Huang Shi, formerly known as Huang Shuzi, is a native of Huangliang Village, Yishan Town. He was the backbone of the China League and had close contacts with Sun Yat-sen and Chen Qimei. In particular, Chen Qimei has the deepest friendship with Huang Shi. And because he followed Chen Qimei (Yingshi), he changed his name to Huang Shi, the character Qiushi. Many of Chen Qimei's confidential documents, such as the Manuscript of The Discussion of Yuan Tongdian, were written by Huang Shi, and the Japanese secret records named him "Chen Qimei's secretary".
In the 4th year of the Republic of China (1915), due to the differences in the political views of Sun Yat-sen and Huang Xing, Chen Qimei, in order to persuade the two to reconcile, let Huang Shi ghostwrite and write the "Letter to Huang Xing", with the intention of making Huang Xing take the overall situation of the revolution as the most important and reconcile with Sun Yat-sen.
After the publication of this article, the unity of the two men was strengthened and the development of the action of seeking Yuan in various places was promoted. This 5,000-word letter became an important document in the history of the Kuomintang and was later included in Sun Yat-sen's book "Founding Strategy".
Wenzhou's time-honored brand with Sun Yat-sen
In addition, Wenzhou also has many well-known long-established names, which are related to Dr. Sun Yat-sen.
Ryan Lee Datong Tea Food Shop
Li Datong was founded in the 14th year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1889), which has a history of more than 100 years.
The founder, Li Ruiqing, is a famous pastry chef in southern Zhejiang, and because he admired the spirit of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's "world unity", he named the shop "Li Datong".
▲ Li Datong's double cooking cake
Through the painstaking management of Li Ruiqing and his son Li Jinhuai for two generations, by the 1930s, "Li Datong" has become the premier largest business in southern Zhejiang and northern Fujian, and its main products are double cooking cake, noodle tea cake, hibiscus sugar, hollow moon, sesame qiao, almond crisp and other tea cakes, sweet, crisp, soft, tough and fragrant are its main characteristics, unique flavor, and regarded as specialties of southern Zhejiang.
Xu Datong brush shop
Located on Jiefang North Road in Lucheng District, Xu Datong Brush Shop was founded in the 26th year of Qing Guangxu (1906).
Xu Datong Pen Shop founder Xu Jinfang (1887-1961), originally from Gushu Village, Pingyang County, a son of a peasant family, had studied private school since childhood, Guangxu twenty-six years (1900) just turned 13 years old, through the introduction of the clan to leave his hometown to Yongjia District Xintongwen Brush Shop to learn pen making skills.
▲ Xu Datong's brush
He was talented, studious, and talented, and became a pen maker after he left school, initially employed by the shopkeeper, and then with his age, he started his own business in 1906, that is, he opened a brush shop at the entrance of Dajian Lane in Connaught Place, named "Xu Datong". At this time, on the eve of the Xinhai Revolution, Dr. Sun Yat-sen advocated that the world be just, move towards republicanism, and realize great unity. Xu Jinfang, who is literate and hyphenated and concerned about current affairs, uses "Datong" as the store number to express ideological progress, which also caters to the current situation, and is simple and loud.
Xu Datong is an existing century-old symbol of Lucheng District, which was included in the intangible cultural heritage protection project of the Wenzhou Municipal Government.
New Tonghua Hotel
The founder of New Tonghua, Wang Yuying, a native of Lucheng, was born in May 1909 in a family of Yin Shi, whose father ran the silk and linen industry, and after years of hard work, the family had a lot of wealth.
Wang Yuying has been intelligent and wise since childhood, has studied private schools, and has an open mind. Because of the blood of her ancestors in business, she judged the situation and believed that the silk cloth industry, medicinal materials industry, sauce and wine industry in Lucheng District were relatively developed and prosperous, but the hotel industry was sparse and not large-scale, and the supply was in short supply. When she sought the advice of her father and brother on her idea, she was approved by the whole family.
In 1932, she poured her savings for many years and invested more than 300,000 yuan to choose the site of Wuma Street Iron Lane (the old iron shop was mostly named), to create a new building, named "New Tonghua", which means to respond to sun Yat-sen's advocacy of "the world is public, the world is one", and the call to establish a new China.
Resources:
"Sun Yat-sen's Appreciation of Chen Qimei : The Revolutionary Life of Huang Shi, Vice Minister of Justice of the Republic of China" Chen Xianman
"Lucheng Time-honored Brand" Edited by the Lucheng District CPPCC Study Literature and History Committee
"< Strategy for the Founding of the People's Republic of China> and Wenzhou New Port, Wenchen Railway - Commemorating the 60th Anniversary of the Death of Dr. Sun Yat-sen" Dong Shen
Editor: Tang Yanyan