Science Magazine Named 2019 Top Ten Paleontological Fossil Discoveries Science Magazine Named 2019 Top Ten Paleontological Fossil Discoveries TOP 10 Discoveries of the Jorillio Group TOP 9 Asfato Dragon Hunting TOP 8 Jaw-Eating Dragon TOP 7 . YueLong TOP 6 Iron Pterodactyl TOP 5 Embedded Thorns TOP 4 Coyote Tyrannosaurus TOP 3 Iberian Pterosaurus TOP 2 Bagadarantop 1 Nightmare Dragon

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Science Magazine named the top ten paleontological fossil discoveries of 2019</h1>

2019 has just passed, what are the important new discoveries in the field of paleontology in this year? Recently, Letters From Gondwana selected the top ten most important fossil discoveries of the past year.

Let's take a look at who the top ten paleontological fossil discoveries in 2019 were selected by Gondwana Newsletter:

< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the findings of the TOP 10 Jorillo group</h1>

Nuru Dragon + Isasi Dragon

Scientific name: Nullotitan glaciaris, Isasicursor santacrucensis

Place of discovery: South America, Argentina

Age of existence: Late Cretaceous, 70 million years ago

Body size data: Nuru dragon body length 25 meters, Isa West Ben dragon body length 4 meters

Located in southern Argentina, the Jorillo Group represents a late Cretaceous biota dating back 70 million years ago, and the formation includes plant, avertebrate, and vertebrate fossils, forming a magical window to the Cretaceous. Dinosaurs are the protagonists of the Jorillio Formation, and fossils of large sauropods, large carnivorous dinosaurs and small carnivorous dinosaurs have been found, in addition to dinosaur eggshell fragments.

The dinosaurs that have been named from the Jorillo Formation include the large sauropod Nullotitan glaciaris and the small iguanodactyl Isasicursor santacrucensis. The jorillo discoveries provide important insights into the ecological and animal composition of South America prior to the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > TOP 9 Asfato Dragon Hunter</h1>

Vickers Asfato Dragon Hunt

Scientific name: Asfaltovenator vialidadi

Age of existence: Middle Jurassic, 168 million years ago

Body size data: body length 7 to 8 meters, weight 1.5 tons

Asfatourus was a large carnivorous dinosaur that lived during the Jurassic period and belonged to the basal type of tetanuran. Fossils are well preserved, including skull fossils up to 80 centimeters long. The discovery of the Asfato Dragon Hunter provided important material for our study of early radiation from the apatosaurus.

Studies of Asfatoosaurus have shown that Allosaurus and Megalodons (Zebraosaurus) had a common ancestor, but they did not share a common ancestor with Coelentosaurus. After the Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction event, the vacancy of the niche provided the impetus for the evolution of the ctenophores

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > TOP 8 jaw-eating dragons</h1>

Carthrid phagocytosis

Scientific name: Gnathovorax cabreirai

Place of discovery: South America, Brazil

Age of existence: Late Triassic, 223 million years ago

Body size data: body length of about 3 meters, weight of about 80 kg

The fossils of Apatosaurus were discovered in 2014 near the southern Brazilian town of São João do Polesini and are very complete, including a large number of important sites.

Jaw-eating dinosaurs are one of the oldest and best-preserved carnivorous dinosaur fossils we have found, and they belong to the Family Herreraosaurus taxonomically. Because of its strong jaw and ability to devour food, the animal was named "Jaw-Eater".

Fossil studies have shown that both herreraosaurs and the early basal primitive sauropods were carnivorous, with herreraosaurs occupying the position of large predators, while small primitive basal sauropods occupied the position of small and medium-sized predators, and it was not until after the Karni extinction event that theropod dinosaurs developed into diversified carnivores, and sauropods began to grow larger and became pure plant-eaters.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > TOP 7</h1>

Brafa Yuelong

Scientific name: Adratiklit boulahfa

Place of discovery: Africa, Morocco

Age of existence: Middle Jurassic, 165 million years ago

Body size data: ?

It is the oldest stegosaurus dinosaur ever found, and the fossils include parts of the cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, and left humerus.

Previous fossils have shown that stegosaurs were more common and abundant in the Jurassic to Cretaceous continent of Lauya, but were extremely rare in Gondwana. Although fossils suspected of stegosaurs have been found in Australia, India, Madagascar, Morocco, Brazil and other places, they have not been confirmed.

The discovery of The dragon proves that stegosaurus lived on the continent of Gondwana very early, and it was classified as a subfamily Dacentrurinae, which paleontologists believed lived only in Jurassic Europe.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > TOP 6 pterodactyls</h1>

Lenn's Iron Pterodactyl

Scientific name: Ferrodraco lentoni

Place of discovery: Oceania, Australia, Queensland

Age of existence: Late Cretaceous, 90 million years ago

Body figure: Wingspan 4 meters

The fossil of Pterodactyl comes from the Winton Formation formation in Queensland, Australia, and is the most complete pterosaur fossil found in Australia, number: AODF 876.

The skull of Thorniosaurus was up to 60 cm long, with ridges in the front of its mouth and long, sharp teeth in its mouth.

It belongs to the ornithopod family, and its close relatives have been found in China, Brazil, Europe and other places during the Cretaceous period. The discovery of the Iron Pterodactyls suggests that some of the bird's palm pterosaurs that lived in the interior of the continent survived longer than we expected.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > TOP 5 embedded in the Thief</h1>

Frick embedded the Thief Dragon

Scientific name: Notatesseraeraptor frickensis

Place of discovery: Europe, Switzerland

Age of existence: Late Triassic, 209 million years ago

Body size data: body length of more than 3 meters

Fossils of the inlaid Robber were found in Switzerland and collected in the Gruhalde clay layer in 2006, preserving the link state. Interestingly, the fossils of the incarcerated Thief dragon combine the characteristics of the superfamily coelaosaurus and the diplodocus family, which is where its scientific name comes from.

Fossilized , the type specimen of " Thornosaurus " belonged to an underage adult individual with a body length of between 2.6 and 3 meters. The Incarcerated Thief was a ferocious and agile carnivorous dinosaur that lived in Europe during the Triassic period.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > TOP 4 coyotes</h1>

Coyote Tyrannosaurus

Scientific name: Suskityrannus hazelae

Place of discovery: North America, USA, New Mexico

Age of existence: Late Cretaceous, 92 million years ago

Body size data: body length 3 meters, weight 40 kg

Fossils of Coyote Tyrannosaurus were found in the Zuni Basin in western New Mexico, where a large number of paleontological fossils, including dinosaurs, have been found. The fossils of Coyote Tyrannosaurus rex are divided into two specimens, the fossil numbers are: MSM P4754 and MSM P6178

After Coyote Tyrannosaurus, about 80 million years ago, large tyrannosaurs appeared and quickly occupied the very top of the biological chain, but the previous tyrannosaur fossils have been in a state of absence, especially between 100 million years ago and 80 million years ago.

The discovery of Coyote Tyrannosaurus rex fills the gap in the evolutionary chain of tyrannosaurus superfamily, and its size and body structure are just between the primitive small tyrannosaurus superfamily and the hugely advanced tyrannosaur family, which is of great significance for us to better understand the evolution of the tyrannosaurus family.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > TOP 3 Iberian pterosaurs</h1>

Ahn's Iberian Pterodactyl

Scientific name: Iberodactylus andreui

Places of discovery: Europe, Spain

Age of existence: Early Cretaceous, 125 million years ago

Fossils of Iberian pterosaurs were discovered in the 1980s by amateur paleontologist Javier André, 1 km west of Spain-Aragon-Auburn. Fossil number: MPZ-2014/1, not described until 2014.

With a wingspan of 4 meters, Iberian pterosaurs became the largest known pterosaurs found on the Iberian Peninsula.

Paleontologists have found many similarities between Iberian pterosaurs and Hamipterus in Xinjiang, China, and have combined the two to form an evolutionary branch, the Hamipteridae. Further studies have shown that the Iberian Peninsula biota of the Early Cretaceous is closely related to Asia.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > TOP 2 Bhagada dragons</h1>

Forward-leaning Barbadarann

Scientific name: Bajadasaurus pronuspinax

Age of existence: Early Cretaceous, 140 million to 134 million years ago

Body size data: body length of about 9 meters, weight 1 ton

Fossils of Podosaurus were found in 2013 in the Early Cretaceous formation of northern Patagonia, Argentina, from the Bagada Colorada Formation. Positive mold specimen number: MMCh-PV 75.

Bagadarandosaurus belonged to the Dicraeosauridae family , a smaller group of lepidosaurs. One of the biggest features of Bhagadaurus is the cervical fork of the nerve spine, Bhagadad dragon's cervical nerve spine still forms two forks, very long and curved forward. We don't know what the role of such a strange nerve spine in the shape of the Bhagadaurus dragon is, but its unique shape is unique in the dinosaur family, quite "kill Matt"!

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > TOP 1 Nightmare Dragon</h1>

Fearless Nightmare Dragon

Scientific name: Moros intrepidus

Place of discovery: North America, USA, Utah

Age of existence: Late Cretaceous, 96 million years ago

Body size data: body length 3 meters, weight 78 kg

Dauntless Odontosaurus was a small tyrannosaur from the continental sedimentary layer of the Semiman order in western North America, whose fossils retained almost intact right hind limbs, fossil number: NCSM 33392.

According to histological analysis, paleontologists believe that Apatosaurus had a moderate growth rate, similar to the primitive tyrannosaurs that lived during the Jurassic period, such as Guanlong, which was found in China. The large tyrannosaurs that lived in the Late Cretaceous were three times the size of the Ozarosaurus at the same age, such as gorgosaurus.

The discovery of " Tyrannosaurus " , which lived in North America , was confined to a smaller range for almost 15 million years ago , until some point in the Turonian order ( 93,900-89.8 million years ago ) , when they suddenly grew in size and eventually became the number one predator in the Cretaceous!

Original link: https://paleonerdish.wordpress.com/2019/12/31/top-fossil-discoveries-of-2019/

Image / Network (Intrusion and Deletion)

Text / Paleontological Exploration (Jiang Hong)

Typography / Paleontological exploration