<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > Xude's historical archives</h1>
In 1938, he met Zhou Xuancheng at the Baode Hospital run by the Germans, but lost contact with Xu De because he secretly joined the New Fourth Army in the same year.
In the spring of 1941, Xu De, who was recuperating in his hometown of Qingpu, married Zhou Xuancheng and searched for the New Fourth Army together.
In September 1945, with the third division of the New Fourth Army under the command of Huang Kecheng, the couple rushed to the northeast.
In December 1948, Zhou Xuancheng was transferred to the deputy director of the Chemical Industry Department of Angang Steel; Xu De was transferred to Angang Steel in October 1951 as the vice president of the General Staff Hospital.
In 1958, Xu De took this close-up photo at a photo studio in Anshan.
Several times she collided head-on with the god of death, and several times she rubbed shoulders with the god of death, and her views and views on life and death became clearer and more determined. In 1958, after encountering another life-and-death disaster, she threw off the plaster vest she had relied on for several years, and after regaining her feet with tenacious perseverance, she deliberately went to the photo studio to take a close-up photo. There is no heavy makeup, no deliberate grooming, she is still so dignified and beautiful, still so dazzling.
In the shot, she freezes the most beautiful impression of her life in an instant; outside the camera, she also retains the beautiful hope of her life in the world. At that time, this close-up photo also became a masterpiece of photographers, and was appreciated by people, and the photo studio begged her permission to be placed in the window. At that time, she said wittily: "Since you all said that the picture is good, let's make it a relic behind me!" ”
Her name was Xu De, her original name was Xue Lijuan, and she was born on November 30, 1918 in Qingpu County, Shanghai. Unwilling to be kidnapped by feudal etiquette since she was a child, she resolutely broke into Shanghai as a teenager and was admitted to the Baode Hospital Nursing School run by the Germans with excellent results. Through part-time work and part-time study, she completed her studies and was left in the hospital for surgery. In the hospital, people only know that a young and beautiful nurse has arrived, but no one knows, and this girl also has a hidden identity - a member of the ccp's underground organization reading club.
In 1939, Xu De was in the outpatient department of the New Fourth Army Teaching Team in southern Anhui.
In 1938, the various detachments of the New Fourth Army successively went to the anti-Japanese front line in Jiangnan, and the troops urgently needed a number of medical personnel. At the behest of the Shanghai underground party organization, she quietly left Shanghai, joined the New Fourth Army, and took up medical work in the outpatient department of the Anhui Southern Teaching Team. On July 1, 1939, when she received a notice that she and a comrade-in-arms went to the army station to attend the conference, went to a small second floor (a company's outpatient department), and went in to greet another female comrade-in-arms, she did not expect to be carefully planned by the Japanese and pseudo agents.
Having just ascended to the second floor and entered the room, she stumbled upon the window that someone had hung a few white sheets on the small trees around the small building. Before she could react, the roaring Japanese planes were swooping down the building. She quickly grabbed one of her comrades' hands and wanted to hide under the bed together. Before he could say anything, the bomb poured down in an instant, hitting the small building impartially. Suddenly, the small building became a ruin, and the comrades were engulfed by the strong fire and air waves set off by the bomb on the spot, and the comrade who came with them was also stunned by the huge explosion. She was buried in the rubble and passed out, still clutching the two bloody fingers of her comrades tightly in her hands.
Xue Lijuan was seriously injured, with multiple comminuted fractures in her right thigh and calf, and was also injured by bomb fragments in her head, chest and abdomen. The incident occurred suddenly, and there was an urgent shortage of medical care conditions, and the troops temporarily found a military doctor from the prisoners of the Japanese puppet army. And this military doctor with murderous intentions, in full view of everyone, did not know what kind of injection he injected the comatose comrade-in-arms, but it was a fatal shot. Xue Lijuan, who had already woken up, suddenly felt a chill from the cold eyes of the military doctor, wiped the blood that was still flowing on her face, and said that the blood on her body was splashed, but the right leg was hit by shrapnel. There was no anesthesia, and the medic had several soldiers press her and begin the operation. The cruel scalpel went down, and the shrapnel embedded in her leg was not removed, but the tendon was cut and the bone was ripped out, and she cried out desperately in pain.
In 1947, Zhou Xuancheng and Xu De took a group photo in Harbin.
Awoke from her coma again, lying on a door panel, her whole body swollen and her eyes barely able to open a slit. A peasant girl pulled her tongue out of her mouth and was feeding her water bit by bit with a spoon. "You haven't woken up for a few days, and everyone thinks you're not saved." My father was afraid that you would die at home, and he almost fought with the warriors who took care of you. The girl told her with tears: "I see that your chest sometimes moves, as if there is a breath, there is nothing to eat at home, only a pot will boil some water to feed you, I did not expect you to come back to life!" ”
She was sent to the Xiaohekou Rear Hospital for continued treatment, and after a few months, although her trauma healed, her right leg fell into a lifelong disability, and the aftermath of internal injuries was even more troublesome for a lifetime. Because of the strong stimulation of the brain, when she sees white sheets and other items for a while, she will have hysterical mania, and people can't find any good way to alleviate this symptom.
"Go east! Go East! We are the Iron New Fourth Army..." When she was sick once, her comrades-in-arms crouched down beside her and softly sang the new Fourth Army military song. Unexpectedly, she gradually settled down in the song. Since then, the military song of the New Fourth Army has been with her and has become a "good recipe" for relieving her pain.
In 1955, Zhou Xuancheng, then vice president of the Ferrotonic Metallurgical Design Institute of the Ministry of Heavy Industry, was in the office.
In the autumn of 1940, Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang diehards were preparing to launch a second anti-communist upsurge and meticulously planned a sinister plot to annihilate the troops of the New Fourth Army in the Maolin area of Jing County. In order to cope with possible changes, the troops began to conceal and transfer the wounded and sick, and the instructor mobilized her to return to her hometown in Qingpu to recuperate, repeatedly stressing: "Protecting the seeds of the revolution and protecting yourself is to protect the anti-Japanese forces!" After recuperating from his wounds, he completed this task and continued to resist Japan. She returned to Qingpu County, and soon the Southern Anhui Incident, which shocked China and foreign countries, occurred, with more than 9,000 new Fourth Army officers and only more than 2,000 protruding sieges.
Xue Lijuan disappeared from Shanghai and quietly appeared in Qingpu, and almost no one outside knew her whereabouts except her family. However, there is a young talent named Zan Xiqing, born on January 16, 1916 in Chongming Island, Shanghai, is a high-achieving student of Hujiang University, bachelor of science, after more than two years of painstaking longing and searching, I do not know through what channels, finally learned the news that Xue Lijuan is hiding in Qingpu.
During his time at school, the young man was not only a top learner, but also a lover of sports. Once, when he was playing football, he fractured his ribs due to a violent impact and was admitted to the surgery of Baode Hospital, and happened to meet the nurse Xue Lijuan. At the first sight of her, he was deeply attracted to this beautiful angel. After more than a month of medical treatment, although he could not be discharged from the hospital temporarily, it also created more opportunities for him to contact her. How could Xue Lijuan, who was at a "sensitive" age, not notice this suitor who suddenly broke into her side? At that time, what worried her even more was the wound on his body that healed very slowly. After being diagnosed, he developed bone tuberculosis.
At first acquaintance, she had cured him of his illness, and he had a crush on her; and at the reunion, she had led him down the path of revolution, and he had shown absolute obedience to her. Upon learning the news of the anhui incident, Xue Lijuan on the hospital bed could no longer lie down and insisted on returning to the team. A young woman, dragging a scarred leg, alone in blockades and checkpoints, is too risky. She persuaded him that in the face of national difficulties, young people should go to the anti-Japanese front. He said firmly to her, "Let's go find the New Fourth Army together." Before leaving, in the fourteenth private room of a hotel on Xiafei Road, the two of them made a lifelong decision. He changed for her a name that is difficult for connoisseurs to disassemble, surnamed Xu (with her mother's surname), the name of virtue, which means that two people are married together in the fourteenth private room.
She and he, along with one of her sisters and a relative, disguised themselves as refugees, embarked on a journey, lying along the way about "looking for the fourth brother" (the New Fourth Army)! Passing through Xuancheng in Anhui, he changed his name to Zhou Xuancheng.
In 1956, Zhou Xuancheng (third from left), Xu De (second from left) and other Soviet experts took a group photo with Soviet experts at the Dongshan Hotel of Angang Steel.
Finally home! In the spring of 1941, after many hardships, Xu De returned to the New Fourth Army and served as the director of the operating room in the Ministry of Health of the Third Division under the command of Huang Kecheng. In the spring of 1943, the Japanese army "swept up", and the soldiers fought frequently on the front line. The operating room of the Third Division was located in the home of the township chief of Sijia Chen Village in Banhu Township, Funing County, and in front of the only tile door in the village, a large grass shed was built, and the four walls and roof of the shed were covered with white cloth, and a large steam lamp was hung in the middle. In this humble operating room, she performed nearly 2,000 surgeries and saved many wounded and sick people.
In the Third Division of the New Fourth Army, people called Zhou Xuancheng the "son-in-law" of the Ministry of Health; in his resume, he also always called himself a "military attaché" of the New Fourth Army. It seems that he is a "no collection, no control" free man, no competent authority, no competent leader, but he is a character who cannot be pulled down and is often indispensable, like a universal screw, which is twisted wherever it is needed. There were not enough people carrying stretchers on the battlefield, he went to be a stretcher man, often carrying the wounded alone under gunfire and running; there was a shortage of repair experts in the gun house, he went to repair the gun; the soap supply in the logistics department was urgent, he went to engage in soil law self-control; there was no business training teacher in the Ministry of Health, he went to teach chemistry; the paper mill urgently needed to develop anti-counterfeiting banknotes, he went to study and improve banknote paper... He developed banknote paper with a pattern, soft texture and high quality, and Master Huang Kecheng praised him as a "mint engineer".
On the evening of August 20, 1943, a B-29 bomber of the US 14th Air Force was hit by Japanese artillery fire on the way to carry out its mission and fell into the rice field outside the town of Lake Duo in Northern Jiangsu Province. On the orders of Zhang Aiping (founding general), deputy commander of the Third Division, the county headquarters sent a battalion of troops to the crash site in the rain, engaged in fierce engagement with the Japanese army, and sacrificed their lives to rescue American personnel and 4 soldiers. At that time, the US personnel who had just emerged from the dangerous situation, because they did not know the truth, refused to eat the food given by our army, nor did they obey our army's arrangements. Zhou Xuancheng, as the chief interpreter, brought a class to meet them, speaking a skillful English, instantly resolved their doubts, quickly cooperated to leave the battlefield, and was successfully escorted to the Headquarters of the New Fourth Army. The scene of that year was collected by General Zhang Aiping, who loved photography, through the lens. Years later, General Zhang Aiping (then Secretary of Defense) presented these precious photographs of history to U.S. Secretary of Defense Weinberg.
In September 1945, the "Battle of Lianghuai" had just ended in victory, and Huang Kecheng led his troops to the north, and the couple rushed to the northeast with the Third Division of the New Fourth Army. Xu De successively served as the president of the hospital directly under the Ministry of Health of the Third Division and the president of the Qiqihar Railway Hospital. When the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea broke out in June 1950, Xu De, who had just graduated from China Medical University, repeatedly applied for the battlefield and deliberately concealed the fact that he was a "second-degree disabled soldier". I don't know which comrade reported the situation to the organization, and her application was not approved. More than a year ago, Zhou Xuancheng, then director of the Materials Office of the Manager's Office of the Northeast Financial and Economic Commission, was transferred to Angang Steel as deputy director of the Chemical Industry Department. Organizationally, Xu De was clearly informed that your battlefield was in Angang. In October 1951, she obeyed the assignment and became the vice president of angang staff general hospital.
One day at the end of 1952, after three consecutive days and nights of surgery, Xu De and everyone walked out of the operating room, tired one by one. At that time, cables were being installed at the stairwell, and a large hole was cut out of the construction. As she walked, she told everyone to be careful, but her leg fell from the mouth of the hole and fell from the second floor to the basement, resulting in a crushing fracture of the lumbar spine. At this time, Zhou Xuancheng was studying in the Soviet Union. Lying on the hospital bed, Xu De, whose entire upper body was covered with plaster bandages, how longing he was in his heart to be by his side, but instead asked Ma Bin, the general manager of Angang Steel, not to let him know. It was not until they boarded the train from Moscow to return to China that the Chinese Embassy in the Soviet Union informed Zhou Xuancheng of Xu De's condition.
"Go east! Go East! We are the New Fourth Army of Iron! On the sickbed, this New Fourth Army military song was often played, and Xu De drew strength from it, and after 4 years, he stood up tenaciously and returned to work. However, due to her mobility problems, the cement block that accidentally fell from the office roof smashed her into a concussion, but she still insisted on working in a wheelchair. During the Cultural Revolution, she was falsely accused, and was subjected to countless street battles, resulting in a fracture of her left rib, and never changed her original intention. After being rehabilitated, she still asked to go to work on crutches.
In 1958, Zhou Xuancheng, Xu De, his wife and daughter took a group photo.
On the morning of October 22, 1994, in Beijing, Zhou Xuancheng was preparing to attend a meeting, and before leaving home, he shook Xu De's hand and instructed: "Wife, after the meeting, I will come back early to accompany you." "Who would have thought? This was the moment of parting. Before his death, Xu De commanded: "The Angang Staff General Hospital (that is, Tiedong Hospital) is my battlefield, I have shed blood and been injured for it, I hope to scatter my ashes there, I want to guard it." ”
Above the hot soil of the steel city, the green grass and bright flowers are waiting for this beautiful angel, and Dr. Xu has returned!
Zhong Xiangfei wrote zhichunshan Yang Weiping historical materials provided