The four gods are crucial in the mythological system of the Classic of Mountains and Seas, and they are not only the gods of direction, but also the gods of the four times. For example, the god of the East, Jurmang, is also believed as the god of spring, and in addition to this, Jurmang also has a magical feature, which makes Qin Mugong frightened after seeing it, so what is the prototype of Jummang?
<h1 class = "pgc-h-center-line" > (i) the triple attributes of gods, men, and birds</h1>
In the Classic of Mountains and Seas, Jurman appears as a directional god, and its unique image is the "bird body and human face", which is a typical combination of man and beast, and is also the basic incarnation form of the ancient gods: the human face means that human reason dominates, and the bird body is the symbol of its totemic belief.
"Overseas East Classics": "The Oriental Hook, the bird body and human face, ride two dragons." ”
In addition to being the god of the East, Jurman also has the identity of a human being in ancient records, he is the son of Shaohao, his name is "Heavy", and he is revered as one of the "Five Ancestors" after his death because of his merits.
The Twenty-Ninth Year of the Zhao Gong (昭公) dedicates his son to the son: "Sheji Five Ancestors, whose five senses are also?" To Yue: "The Shao Hao clan has four uncles, Yue Zhong, Yue Cai, Yue Xiu, Yue Xi, Shi Neng Gold, Wood and Water. Make the heavy sentence mang, should be the harvest, repair and Xi for the Xuan Meditation, the world does not derelict in its duties, so as to help the poor Sang, this three of its three worships also.
As for the image of Jurmang, in addition to the "bird body and human face" recorded in the "Classic of Mountains and Seas", its most common is "bird body, square face", that is to say, in addition to the bird body, it also has a strange square face.
It may also be so, Qin Mugong was startled when he saw it, and the result was a false alarm in the end, but he was given a life expectancy of nineteen years by it, and the last question was asked to know that this was the Spring God Sentence Mang, which had the magical characteristics of dominating life.
In the past, Qin Mugong, when the day was in the temple, there was a god entering the door and left, a bird body, three absolute clothes, and a square face. Qin Mu saw it, but feared ben, and the god said: 'No fear! The emperor enjoyed the female Matilda, so that the xi nun would live nine times in ten years, so that if the country was prosperous, the descendants would not be lost. Qin Mugong then prayed to the first person, "Dare to ask the name of the god?" 'Yue:' To be a sentence. 'If we take what Qin Mugong sees as a courtesy, then the existence of ghosts and gods is not suspicious?'
And this square-faced sentence is vividly displayed in the Changsha Bullet Depot Book: human heads, bird bodies, square faces, plain clothes, and regulations.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-center-line" > (ii) The jade people, gods, and birds of the Shijia River</h1>
After combing through the literature, it is not difficult to find that in terms of its identity, Juman has the triple attributes of gods, people and birds, so can we find the corresponding artifacts in archaeological materials?
In the Shijiahe culture qujialing, there have been many pieces of jade unearthed eye-catching, and the motifs expressed by these jades also have three main types.
One is the image of a deity with fangs and a vicious face,
One is a jade figure with long hair spread backwards,
The other is a bird that stands alone and spreads its wings.
So from a certain point of view, the god man may symbolize the side of The Chu Mang as the spring god, while the jade head symbolizes the identity of the Sentence Mang as the "heavy" person of the son of Shao Hao, and the independent bird motif is the bird totem belief of the Shao Hao and the Qin people.
Therefore, the birds that exist as the beliefs of the Shaohao and Win Qin totems are generally considered to be "Xuan Birds", that is, swallows. For example, Yuan Ke believes in the "Selected Interpretations of Ancient Myths": "Bird body, plain clothes, and Xuan Chun, assuming that the clothes of the vegetarian clothes are pretended to be abdomen, then it is a black body and white belly bird, like Xuan Yan."
Of course, if the prototype of the Spring God Sentence Mang is identified as a swallow, more evidence may be needed.
Like to pay attention, the Shan Hai Jing series is constantly updated...