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<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > primer</h1>
On the night of April 25, 1931, Gu Shunzhang, a member of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee, defected.
Gu Shunzhang
This person's status is second only to Zhou Enlai in the Central Special Branch
Gu Shunzhang's betrayal will bring ruin to our party's underground workers, and our party's undercover Qian Zhuangfei intercepted secret reports at a crucial moment and used a cross message to defuse the crisis, sabotaging the Kuomintang's plan to encircle and suppress our party's underground workers in one fell swoop. How did Qian Zhuangfei turn the danger into a disaster? Today we will talk about this hidden killing night 90 years ago.
Qian Zhuangfei
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > three telegrams</h1>
On the night of April 25, 1931, Qian Zhuangfei worked overtime in the office of a company called Zhengyuan Industrial Society.
Zhengyuan Industrial Society
This company is nominally engaged in radio equipment, but in fact it is the Party Affairs Investigation Section of the Kuomintang Organization Department, which is the predecessor of the Kuomintang's most important secret service organization, the "Central Unification," while Qian Zhuangfei's identity is that of Xu Enzeng, chief of the Party Affairs Investigation Section, and his hidden identity is one of the "Three Masters of Longtan" on the CCP's hidden front.
Longtan Sanjie
This day is Saturday, the company's people are resting on vacation, Qian Zhuangfei is on duty, at more than nine o'clock in the evening, a young staff member sent a telegram, the telegram was sent by the Wuhan Appeasement Office, the envelope was written with the word "top secret", but also specially marked "Xu Enzeng personally translated" five big characters, Qian Zhuangfei just accepted the telegram, the confidential officer came in and sent a telegram with the words "top secret" and "Xu Enzeng personally translated", the address of the report is still the Wuhan Appeasement Office, and then sent a third telegram. This three telegrams in a row made Qian Zhuangfei cautious, and the words "Xu Enzeng personally translated" were really worrying, and something big must have happened.
Qian Zhuangfei did not dare to hesitate, and immediately began to decipher the secret telegrams, these three telegrams are encrypted secret telegrams that can only be deciphered by a very small number of high-level Kuomintang officials, and no one in the entire Party Affairs Investigation Section except Xu Enzeng knows this set of codes. However, the Kuomintang could not have dreamed that this set of passwords was already in Qian Zhuangfei's grasp, which was regarded by the Kuomintang as the lifeblood of the password, how did Qian Zhuangfei get his hands on it? This has to mention one person, that is, Xu Enzeng.
Xu Enzeng
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8" > Xu Enzeng's private life</h1>
Xu Enzeng's private life is particularly chaotic, he has a lover named Miss Wang, but he does not dare to let his wife at home know, Qian Zhuangfei thought of a knife to cut tofu two-sided light method, and arranged Miss Wang in the accommodation rented by his wife in Shanghai.
Old Shanghai
The first is to be able to supervise whether Miss Wang is loyal, the second is that Xu Enzeng can return to Shanghai every Saturday to meet with Miss Wang, and the third is to promote his relationship with Xu Enzeng and facilitate further climbing.
And this practice obviously worked, since then Xu Enzeng has cultivated Qian Zhuangfei as his confidant, and promoted him to be his first confidential secretary, and Qian Zhuangfei has also recommended many capable generals to Xu Enzeng.
Two of the most famous of these are one, one named Hu Di.
Hu bottom
The other is the famous Li Kenong.
Li Kenong
These three people, one sitting in Nanjing, one undercover in Shanghai, and one lurking in Tianjin, formed an iron triangle that echoed each other. The three of them were later called longtan sanjie by Zhou Enlai.
Xu Enzeng's trust in Qian Zhuangfei is self-evident, but even so, Xu Enzeng also has reservations, that is, a set of password books he carries with him. Qian Zhuangfei knew that if he obtained this set of cipher books, he would be able to crack the top secrets of the Kuomintang, and he was waiting for an opportunity, a chance to get a codebook, and this day the opportunity came.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="12" > Longtan Sanjie SmartBook</h1>
It was Saturday, Xu Enzeng returned to Shanghai to drink flower wine again, Li Kenong told Xu Enzeng that there were new sisters somewhere, did you want to go to see it?
Qian Zhuangfei, as an entourage, reminded Xu Enzeng that it is okay for you to go to play, but you must pay attention to this thing with you, in case you lose it, the chairman of the committee will pursue it, but you can't eat and go.
Chiang Kai-shek
So under the double reed performance of Li Kenong and Qian Zhuangfei, Xu Enzeng handed over the codebook to Qian Zhuangfei for safekeeping, and Qian Zhuangfei also used this codebook to decipher a lot of important information, making great contributions to the victory of the first three anti-encirclement and suppression in the Central Soviet Region, and this crisis was also thanks to this codebook.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="15" > "Dawn" was arrested</h1>
Three top-secret telegrams were sent from Wuhan in succession, and Qian Zhuangfei did not hesitate for a moment and immediately began to crack it, and after cracking the first secret telegram, Qian Zhuangfei inhaled a cold breath, and the cracked secret telegram information was that "an important person in charge of the communist intelligence organs was arrested at dawn and has surrendered himself."
His real name was Gu Shunzhang, he had received professional agent training, made many meritorious contributions, and held a prominent position in the CPC, at this time he had been elected as a member of the Politburo (supplement) of the CPC Central Committee, and in the Central Special Branch, his status was second only to Zhou Enlai.
Central Turco properties
And his betrayal may bring ruin to the top secret workers of our party, Qian Zhuangfei stabilized his mood and continued to crack the remaining two secret reports. The second secret telegram read, "The criminal immediately used his warship xie ning at dawn to inform the president of the communist secrets"; the third was "quickly dispatched a plane to send him to Ningning, hoping to take it in response.". After the three secret telegrams were cracked, Qian Zhuangfei's back was cold, and his hands couldn't help but shiver involuntarily.
Gu Shunzhang knew the addresses of all the leaders of the CPC Central Committee and knew all the locations of the joints, and not only that, but he also held a large number of core secrets within the party. If he mutinied, the entire CENTRAL Committee of the Communist Party of China and all the underground organizations in Shanghai would be killed. Qian Zhuangfei stabilized his mood for a moment, and he wondered if this would be a trap? A deliberate trap set to expose his identity, and his current identity can access the Kuomintang's top secret documents, if he is exposed, it will also make years of latent efforts in vain. At the moment of embarrassment, the confidential officer sent three more secret telegrams.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="18" > cross message</h1>
Qian Zhuangfei cracked the three letters, the fourth of which read: "Concerning the urgency of 100,000 people, the Hankou side has requisitioned a passenger and cargo ship from the China Merchants Bureau, and can escort LiMing to Nanjing." The fifth letter reads: "Cai Mengjian, commissioner of the Investigation Section in Wuhan, will fly to Nanjing tomorrow to report to Junza. ”；
Cai Mengjian
The sixth letter reads: "Do not let anyone outside the Junza know, otherwise the plan to wipe out the Shanghai underground organs of the Communist Party of China will be frustrated." These three telegrams confirmed that Gu Shunzhang had indeed been arrested and betrayed, and that if Gu Shunzhang had indeed arrived in Nanjing and provided clues, the secret organs of our Party in Shanghai would have been completely destroyed, thousands of comrades would have fallen into the hands of the enemy, and many central leaders, including Zhou Enlai, would have been in danger.
The former site of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
At this time, it was already ten o'clock in the evening on Saturday, Gu Shunzhang had already been forced onto the ship and set off from Hankou, and on Monday morning he could reach Nanjing, and on Monday afternoon, the Kuomintang could act according to the clues provided by Gu Shunzhang, and the time was less than 48 hours. Qian Zhuangfei thought about countermeasures, he turned out the train timetable, just this night, there was a Nanjing to Shanghai Express, departing at 11:00 p.m., the next morning at 06:25 can arrive in Shanghai. At this time, just after ten o'clock, Qian Zhuangfei immediately went home, let the son-in-law, who was also an underground traffic officer, leave immediately, go to Shanghai to find his "uncle" and bring his uncle a message: "The dawn has left, the mother is critically ill, and quickly transferred to the hospital", and repeatedly told him to memorize it before letting him go to the station. The dawn of this message refers to Gu Shunzhang's code name "Dawn", "has left" means that he has defected, "the mother is critically ill, and the hospital is transferred quickly" refers to the danger of the central situation and needs to be transferred immediately, and the uncle that Qian Zhuangfei said is Li Kenong.
However, there is a question that Qian Zhuangfei can't understand, if Gu Shunzhang defected, why has Qian Zhuangfei's identity not been exposed at this moment? Why did he know that there were undercover agents in the Party Affairs Investigation Section of the Kuomintang Organization Department, but this secret telegram could still reach his own hands? This also begins with Gu Shunzhang's arrest.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="22" > Gu Shunzhang's plan</h1>
Gu Shunzhang, at that time, was to Wuhan on a mission, but after his mission was completed, he did not return to Shanghai immediately, but for a woman to linger in Wuhan, the money on his body was spent, he used up as Guangqi to perform magic tricks on stage to earn some money, and in a corner under the stage, a pair of eyes silently stared at the magician on the stage, he had already recognized Gu Shunzhang's identity.
On the night of April 24, 1931, Gu Shunzhang was arrested in the room of the Deming Hotel, and the person who arrested him was Cai Mengjian, the commissioner of the Party Affairs Investigation Section in Wuhan, who was overjoyed at this time, because he knew that the magician in front of him was the underground organization of the CCP, and the celestial figure of the Central Special Branch, "Dawn", was also one of the three responsible persons of the Central Special Branch.
The other two, one was Zhou Enlai.
Zhou Enlai
One is Xiang Zhongfa.
Xiang Zhongfa
Cai Mengjian knew that he had caught a big fish this time. After his arrest, Gu Shunzhang agreed to turn himself in, but there was a condition that he would not open his mouth until he saw Chiang Kai-shek, because he understood that once he had finished the information, the credit would become Cai Mengjian's, and when they reported the merit, their lives would no longer matter, and they would most likely be exterminated or sentenced, so he hoped to see Chiang Kai-shek and hear that Chiang Kai-shek had spared him the death penalty, and he could say everything.
Of course, what he wants is not only to be exempt from capital crimes, but the most important thing is to be able to ask for credit, not to mention the pain of skin and flesh, and maybe he can also get an official and a half-job or something. In addition, Gu Shunzhang had more plans and ideas, he knew that Cai Mengjian would definitely send the news of his arrest to the Party Affairs Investigation Section in Nanjing at the first time, and he also knew better that Qian Zhuangfei was lurking in the Party Affairs Investigation Section, and in order to avoid the news of his arrest being intercepted by Qian Zhuangfei, he insisted on not letting Cai Mengjian send information to Nanjing, but he refused to say the reason. He did not want to reveal Qian Zhuangfei's identity, not because of his conscience, but because of Xu Enzeng's relationship.
First of all, let's talk about Xu Enzeng's background, the head of the Party Affairs Investigation Section is Chen Guofu, the organization of the central club organized by Chen Lifu, that is, the confidant of the CC Department.
Left Chen Guofu Right Chen Lifu
He is also a cousin of the Chen brothers. And Gu Shunzhang's idea is that if he follows the Kuomintang and still has to be a spy, he will definitely have intersected with Xu Enzeng, and if he says now that his secretary is a Communist Party, then Xu Enzeng will definitely be investigated, and the Chen brothers are not good on the face, and they want to find an opportunity to tell Xu Enzeng in the future, which is also a Shunshui people's feeling. At this moment, Cai Mengjian did not know about the Party Affairs Investigation Section and the Communist Party, so he ignored Gu Shunzhang's request and sent a spontaneous telegram to Nanjing. After Gu Shunzhang knew, he also beat his chest and said that you have broken a big thing. This is what it means that Xu En once had Communist Party members around him. After Cai Mengjian listened, he was also enlightened, and quickly made up a telegram to Nanjing, that is, the sixth telegram, which was also the telegram that Qian Zhuangfei was sure that this was not a trap.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="27" > avert the danger</h1>
Although Cai Mengjian knew that he might have run into a big disaster, he still had some confidence, because the encryption code he used was a password that only a few high-level Kuomintang officials knew, and in the entire Nanjing Party Affairs Investigation Section, except Xu Enzeng, no one knew this set of passwords. But what he never expected was that Qian Zhuangfei had already mastered this set of passwords, and had already asked his son-in-law to send a message to Li Kenong. Time passed minute by minute, and the identities of Hu Di and other comrades were also on the verge of being exposed.
Qian Zhuangfei needed to find a way to immediately notify the other comrades-in-arms. He came to the Yangtze River News Agency on the fourth floor of the Central Hotel, which was the secret contact point he had set up, and there was no one at the moment.
Qian Zhuangfei opened a map on his desk and divided it into two, which was the code they had agreed upon; then, he came to the news agency's reporting room and sent a four-character telegram to Hu Di in Tianjin, "Ke Chao Sick Du," which was also the code code they had discussed in advance. As soon as he saw the telegram, Hu Di was going to leave immediately.
After sending the telegram, Qian Zhuangfei returned to the Zhengyuan Industrial Society and personally wrote a letter, which was placed on Xu Enzeng's desk along with the six confidential documents, and this handwritten letter was also a backup plan just in case. At this time, the sky was light, Qian Zhuangfei ran to the railway station without turning back, and Qian Zhuangfei's son-in-law also arrived in Shanghai, but the road to find "uncle" Li Kenong was not smooth.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="30" > organization of the great migration</h1>
On the afternoon of April 26, Qian Zhuangfei's son-in-law Liu Qifu finally found Li Kenong before dark after several turns, and Li Kenong, who received the message, immediately reported the urgent news to Zhou Enlai, because there were dozens of central organs directly under shanghai at that time, there were hundreds of staff, and many leaders were scattered, and it was almost impossible to get a one-time notice in place. That night, Shanghai fought a silent battle for the survival of the Communist Party. Under the personal command of Zhou Enlai, all personnel were evacuated and transferred before dawn.
Key members of the Central Special Branch Section
In the early morning of April 27, Gu Shunzhang arrived in Nanjing, and Qian Zhuangfei's identity was revealed. Xu Enzeng ordered the pursuit of Qian Zhuangfei, but at this time, Qian Zhuangfei had long disappeared into the sea of people.
On April 28, according to the detailed address provided by Gu Shunzhang, the Kuomintang Shanghai Municipal Party Department mobilized all the military and police and launched a dragnet-style raid together with the patrol houses in the concessions, but at this time, dozens of secret institutions, such as the central organs, the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee, the far east bureau of the Communist International, and the underground transportation station, had already been emptied, and at this time, Zhou Enlai's residence was still emitting residual warmth from the burning of documents.
The Kuomintang's attempt to overthrow the CPC Central Committee in one fell swoop was a complete failure, Xu Enzeng was annoyed and ashamed, and since he could not catch Qian Zhuangfei, he would arrest his daughter and son-in-law; at this time, the text message that Qian Zhuangfei left for Xu Enzeng played a role, and the letter read: "Mr. Can be a great judge, in a hurry, not in a hurry, not in a face, still praying for forgiveness, a dispute over political opinions, and hoping not to kill his children, otherwise Mr. Tang's filthy deeds, once the newspapers are approved, it will be too late to regret it.", Xu Enzeng sat paralyzed in his chair after reading the letter. Over the years, he had a lot of handles in Qian Zhuangfei's hands, and Xu Enzeng could only release Qian Zhuangfei's daughter and son-in-law in order to protect himself. This set of operations made the Kuomintang touch the dust of the nose, and it also fully reflected that Qian Zhuangfei was not in danger, and used his extraordinary courage and wisdom to turn the tide at this critical moment, and defused a bloody crisis for the Cpc.
In the next issue, we will talk about another lurker of Longtan Sanjie, Li Kenong.