Unlike the previous classic old movies "Shangganling," "Southern Expedition to the North," "Cracking Down on the Invaders," and "Outwitting Mount Hua," many war-themed film and television dramas now have not truly portrayed the status and role of the political commissars of the people's army (the political commissar mentioned in the article, in addition to the full name of "political commissar," which generally refers to the chief political workers at all levels of the people's army, including company instructors and battalion instructors), and some of them have been seriously weakened and become dispensable. Even though the recognized excellent work "Bright Sword", in the face of the criticism of political commissar Zhao Gang, the regimental commander Li Yunlong actually used "the regimental commander is in charge of the military, the political commissar is in charge of life, you have exceeded your authority", and the partner was dumbfounded.
The performance of these film and television dramas is obviously biased! But anyone who knows the history of our army will understand that the political commissar system is not only one of the distinctive characteristics of the people's army that distinguishes it from the old-style army, but also an important factor in our army's ability to become stronger and stronger in the harsh war environment and take the initiative in the Vietnam War. Without these meritorious political workers, the history of the war would have been rewritten.
Higashino Linluo is a partner, and the representative of the division of labor and cooperation between the military and political officials
First, the political commissar can only echo the military commander-
In some film and television dramas, the orders and instructions on combat are almost always the "one-word hall" of military commanders, and the political commissar rarely plays a role. In order to give prominence to military commanders, some have portrayed political commissars as roles that can only applaud and applaud, and have no opinions on their own, which is far from the real situation.
The political commissar system originated from the reorganization of Sanwan, developed in the early days of Jinggangshan, and formally established at the Gutian Conference. At the Gutian Conference, the nature of the Red Army was clearly defined. Based on the nature and purpose of the Red Army, the Red 4 Army established a system of political commissars. The Provisional Regulations on Political Work of the Red Army, promulgated in the winter of 1930, stipulate that in the event of a dispute between a political commissar and a military commander of the same rank, "the political commissar shall have the right to stop the order of the military commander." The Resolution on the Question of the Red Army, adopted in November 1931, further states that when a military commander disagrees with a political commissar of the same rank on military matters, the relevant orders "shall be carried out in accordance with the opinions of the political commissars" without explicitly receiving instructions from their superiors.
It can be seen that the political commissar of the people's army is by no means an optional post. Especially in the era of the Red Army, the major policy decisions and important arrangements in the army, as well as important matters related to "people, money, grain, and guns," must be finally decided by the political commissar. According to Marshal Xu Qianqian in his "Review of History", that is, "At that time, the political commissar was the one who decided everything, could arrest and punish people without authorization, and had the right to supervise military commanders at the same level... The power is frightening! In fact, at that time, don't say that Xu Shuai and his political commissar Chen Changhao were like this, that is, He Long, who "went down to the oil pot and went up to the knife mountain, neither one was afraid" and his political commissar Xia Xi, and between Xu Haidong, the "Xu Tiger" who could scare people to death, and his political commissar Cheng Zihua, was it not the same?
[Leaders of the Eyu-Shaanxi Base Area in southern Shaanxi in 1935 (front row from left: Zheng Weisan and Xu Haidong; back row from left: Li Longgui, Cheng Zihua, Chen Xianrui)]
At the beginning of the arduous pioneering work, in the face of an extremely harsh environment, the political commissar system can be said to be one of the important reasons for the development and growth of the people's army. It not only ensures that the people's army can unswervingly implement the line and principles of the superiors, and will never be led by a small number of scum with an unstable will to lead the contingent to the core; more importantly, the political commissar will ensure that the basic elements of the contingent's combat effectiveness, such as maintaining morale and loyalty in the face of unfavorable circumstances, will not be exhausted by giving full play to the advantages of their duties and by fully carrying out propaganda and mobilization, ideological construction, study and education, and discipline supervision, so that military commanders can give full play to their tactics, judgments, and technical aspects. Thus significantly improving the combat effectiveness of a unit.
During the war years, the people's army was not only not wiped out by an enemy who was far superior to itself in terms of size and equipment, but on the contrary, like a "snowball," it fought more and more and became stronger and stronger; first, it fought well militarily; second, it had the firm will and fighting spirit of the contingent that could not be dragged away and could not be defeated, and it also transformed a large number of prisoners into liberation fighters.
Second, can a political commissar be a political commissar who can be a random person?
In "The Gathering", Gu Zidi asked the regimental commander to assign the cultural instructors who were punished for retreating from the battle to himself as instructors, and this way of expression should be said to be a hard wound in this play. How can the political commanders in our army act so casually? And it's up to a guy who's scared when he hears a gunshot?
According to the regulations, the chief political workers of the armed forces at all levels must have excellent ideological character and work style, be brave and courageous in combat, take the overall situation into consideration, adhere to principles, be able to correctly carry out criticism and self-criticism, and be good at uniting comrades and maintaining close ties with the masses. See? The selection criteria for political workers are very high, even higher than those of military chiefs. It is precisely for this reason that during the war years, the political commissars of our army were all appointed as "proud men in the army" who fought bravely, were ideologically firm, had a fine work style, and had noble conduct.
Many political workers are even specially selected from some outstanding military commanders. In marching and fighting, they must not only participate in important military work such as the assembly, deployment, concealment, evacuation, weapon allocation, and selection of breakthrough points of the troops from time to time, but also carry out pre-war mobilization, coordinate support firepower, arrange reserves, and determine the main direction of attack together with military commanders. However, in some film and television works, these tasks are basically handled by the military commander alone. During the battle, the commissar simply rolled up his sleeves and pulled out his shell gun and shouted, "Comrades, give me a hard beating!" "For the sake of victory, rush!" "Forward, no one can go backwards!" The contribution and role of the political commissar during the war years have not been truly reflected.
[He Long, commander of the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army, and Guan Xiangying, political commissar, should command the battle, and the military and political chief officers have always fought in the front line]
Third, is the political commissar only good at political work and not good at military affairs?
It is undeniable that in the history of our army's wars, there are indeed some political workers who have made mistakes in military command or mistakenly interfered in the decision-making of military commanders, thus causing tragedies. For example, during the anti-"May Day" sweep, Wang Yuanyin, political commissar of the Eighth Sub-district of Jizhong, twice vetoed the decision of commander Chang Deshan to concentrate on breaking through, and instead dispersed the breakthrough, resulting in heavy losses. However, just as mentioned above, most of the chief officers of political work in our army, like the military chief officers, have grown up in the rain of bullets and bullets and are all charging and fighting in the forefront. When a war breaks out, they share weal and woe and cooperate with each other, and after a long time in the battlefield, will they not understand the military under the grind of blood and fire?
General Ye Fei is a typical representative of our army's composite generals who are both superior in military and political affairs
Without giving any examples, if you look at the list of generals awarded to our army in 1955, it is not difficult to find that many of the tiger generals in the army who are known for their ability to fight and fight well, such as Deng Hua, Chen Xilian, Yang Yong, Wang Jian'an, Ye Fei, Yang Chengwu, and Wang Zhen, are all from the chief of political work, or who have been transferred from political work chiefs to military chiefs by chance. And "political work generals" like Xiao Hua, Wang Ping, Lai Chuanzhu, Su Zhenhua, and others who are famous for their political work have also served as military commanders, or have been transferred from military cadres to political work cadres.
【Deeply cultivate the history of war, carry forward positive energy, welcome to submit, private messages will be restored】